Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Comparison of Results between Minimally Invasive Plate Fixation and Antegrade Intramedullary Nailing of Recon-Type in Low-Energy Injury Distal Femoral Shaft Fractures: Hong Moon Sohn, Gwangchul Lee, Ba Rom Kim, Jung Soo Oh; J Korean Fract Soc 2024;37(2):87-94. Published online April 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2024.37.2.87

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study compared the outcomes of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and antegrade intramedullary nailing for low-energy fracture of the distal femoral shaft.
Materials and Methods
A study was conducted on 30 patients who underwent surgery for low-energy fractures of the distal femoral shaft between January 2016 and April 2022. The study compared 15patients who underwent minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (Group P) with 15 patients who underwent recon-type antegrade intramedullary nailing (Group N). We evaluated intraoperative blood loss, operative time, C-arm exposure time, bone density, final union status, anatomical reduction, and clinical evaluation. The complications were also examined, and statistical analysis was conducted to compare the two groups.
Results
The blood loss, surgery time, and C-arm time were similar in the two groups. The radiographic assessments and clinical evaluations were also similar in the two groups. The clinical results showed no difference between the groups. Group N had one case of nonunion and one case of delayed union, while Group P had one case of nonunion and one case of peri-prosthetic fracture.
Conclusion
Antegrade intramedullary nailing of the recon-type demonstrated comparable results to minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis. Hence, antegrade intramedullary nailing of the recon-type, which enhances stability by fixing the entire femur and providing additional fixation in the distal portion, is deemed appropriate for treating distal femoral shaft fractures.

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Bone Union Time of Simple Distal Femur Fractures in the Elderly according to Fracture Gap after Treated with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis: Young Ho Cho, Sangwoo Kim, Jaewook Koo; J Korean Fract Soc 2023;36(4):133-138. Published online October 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2023.36.4.133

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study examined the difference in bone union time according to the fracture gap after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for simple distal femoral fractures in elderly patients.
Materials and Methods
From January 2010 to December 2019, patients aged 60 years or older who underwent surgical treatment for distal femoral fractures due to a low-energy injury were investigated retrospectively. Forty patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the fracture gap after reduction: no more than 2 mm (Group A) and more than 2 mm (Group B) in the anteroposterior and lateral plane. The demographic, operation time, presence or absence of cerclage wiring, plate screw density, plate span ratio, plate length, bone union period, non-union, and complications were evaluated.
Results
No statistical differences in operation time, cerclage wiring, plate screw density, plate span ratio, and plate length were observed between the two groups, and the bone union was achieved in all patients without complication. The bone union period was 17.24±1.48 weeks in Group A and 24.53± 5.20 weeks in Group B, which was statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion
The bone union time in treating geriatric simple distal femur fractures using the MIPO tech-nique was significantly shorter in the 2 mm or less fracture gap than in the greater than 2 mm group.

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Clinical Outcome after Treatment of Tibia Segmental Fracture with Intramedullary Nailing and Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis: Jun Young Lee, Hyung Seok Park, Dong Hyuk Cha; J Korean Fract Soc 2020;33(3):142-147. Published online July 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2020.33.3.142

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study examined the clinical outcomes after the treatment of a tibia segmental fracture with intramedullary nailing (IM nailing) and minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO).
Materials and Methods
From July 2012 to December 2017, 14 out of 17 cases from a treatment cohort of 32 cases of AO type 42 C2 tibia segmental fractures with IM nailing and MIPO were studied retrospectively. Periodic radiographs were used to evaluate the presence of union, union time, and radiographic evaluation of bony union (varus-valgus deformity, anteroposterior angular deformity, shortening). To evaluate the postoperative clinical function, modified Rasmussen’s system was used for proximal fractures, and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society functional score was used for distal fractures.
Results
Bony union was achieved in all 14 cases, and the average union time was 26 weeks. In one case of soil contamination, there were no other complications other than simple debridement after a soft tissue infection. The mean varus was two degrees; the mean anteroposterior angular deformity was three degrees of anterior oblique; the mean length shortening was 5 mm (2-9 mm). The mean functional score of the knee joint with the Modified Rasmussen’s system measured for the postoperative clinical function was relatively good (excellent 9, good 4, fair 1, and poor 0). The results of the Molander and Olerud Functional scores of the ankle joints were also good (excellent 8, good 3, fair 2, poor 0).
Conclusion
The treatment of tibia segmental fractures with IM nailing and MIPO can effectively reduce the gap of fracture sites. Hence, it is possible to increase the bony union probability and obtain relatively satisfactory alignment. Overall, the treatment of tibia segmental fractures with IM nailing and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis appears to be a useful treatment, considering the preservation of the soft tissue and the alignment of the tibia.

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Results of Single Small Incision Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of the Distal Radius Fractures: Young Sung Kim, Jong Pil Kim, Phil Hyun Chung, Ho Min Lee, Bo Sung Go; J Korean Fract Soc 2020;33(2):72-80. Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2020.33.2.72

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study compared minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using a single small skin incision and conventional open volar locking plate fixation (OP) for distal radius fracture to identify outcome difference.
Materials and Methods
Forty-three patients who underwent MIPO using a single small skin incision or OP for distal radius fractures were evaluated retrospectively. Of the patients, 21 were treated with MIPO using a single small skin incision and 22 with the OP method through the conventional volar approach. The postoperative radiographic results and clinical outcomes at the final follow-up in each group were compared.
Results
All patients achieved bone union in the MIPO and OP groups. No significant differences in the bone union time, alignment, range of motion, QuickDASH, or pain score were observed. On the other hand, the size of the incision was significant: 23 mm in the MIPO group and 55 mm in the OP group (p<0.001).
Conclusion
MIPO technique using a single small incision showed similar satisfactory radiographic and functional outcomes compared to conventional OP for distal radius fractures. The MIPO technique using a single small incision offered advantages, including cosmetic benefits and minimal soft tissue damage, is recommended, particularly in young women and high functional demand patients.

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Outcomes following Treatment of Geriatric Distal Femur Fractures with Analyzing Risk Factors for the Nonunion: Soo young Jeong, Jae Ho Lee, Ki Chul Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2019;32(4):188-195. Published online October 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2019.32.4.188; Correction in: J Musculoskelet Trauma 2020;33(1):62

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Many international journals have published studies on the results of distal femoral fractures in elderly people, but only a few studies have been conducted on the Korean population. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that are associated with the outcomes and prognosis of fixation of distal femur fractures using the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique in elderly patients (ageâ‰¥60) and to determine the risk factors related witht he occurrence of nonunion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study is a retrospective study. From January 2008 to June 2018, distal femur fracture (AO/OTA 33) patients who underwent surgical treatment (MIPO) were analyzed. A total of 52 patients were included in the study after removing 121 patients that met with the exclusion criteria. Medical records, including surgical records, were reviewed to evaluate the patients' underlying disease, bone mineral density, the number of days delayed from surgery, complications and mortality. In addition, follow-up radiographs were used to determine bone union, delayed union and nonunion.
RESULTS
The average time to achieve bone union was 19.95 weeks, the rate of nonunion was 20.0% (10/50) and the overall mortality was 3.8% (2/52). There were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological results of those patients with or without periprosthetic fracture. On the univariate analysis, which compared the union group vs. the nonunion group, no factors were identified as significant risk factors for nonunion. On the multiple logistic regression analysis, medical history of cancer was identified as a significant risk factor for nonunion (p=0.045).
CONCLUSION
The rate of nonunion is high in the Korean population of elderly people suffering from distal femur fracture, but the mortality rate appears to be low. A medical history of cancer is a significant risk factor for nonunion. Further prospective studies are required to determine other associated factors.

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Comparison of Clinical Outcomes for Femoral Neck System and Cannulated Compression Screws in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture
Jae Kwang Hwang, KiWon Lee, Dong-Kyo Seo, Joo-Yul Bae, Myeong-Geun Song, Hansuk Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2023; 36(3): 77. CrossRef

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Surgical Results of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Fixation in the Treatment of Clavicle Shaft Fracture: Seong Ho Yoo, Suk Woong Kang, Jae Seung Seo; J Korean Fract Soc 2019;32(1):21-26. Published online January 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2019.32.1.21

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study analyzed the results of the midclavicle fracture treatment using the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique in a retrospective manner.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between March 2013 and March 2017, this study analyzed 40 patients who received MIPO surgery. Excluding 1 patient who underwent surgery on another body part injury, and 4 patients who were lost to follow-up over 1 year, 40 patients were analyzed for their operation time, bone union, functional American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, scar lengths, pain relief (visual analogue scale), and complications.
RESULTS
All patients over a 1 year of follow-up achieved bone union, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score 97.6 (94â€“100) on their shoulder functional scores. Their average operation time was 42.7 minutes, and the average scar length was 6.1 cm. Eighteen patients successfully received metal removal using the previous scar without additional incision. The clavicle length was similar in the normal and operated group.
CONCLUSION
Despite its small sample size, clavicle fixation using the MIPO technique can be considered an effective treatment because of its limited number of complications, such as nonunion and rotational angulations.

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Additional fixation using a metal plate with bioresorbable screws and wires for robinson type 2B clavicle fracture
Woo Jin shin, Young Woo Chung, Seon Do Kim, Ki-Yong An
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow.2020; 23(4): 205. CrossRef

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures: Ho Min Lee, Young Sung Kim, Jong Pil Kim, Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo; J Korean Fract Soc 2018;31(3):94-101. Published online July 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2018.31.3.94

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study compared the radiological and clinical results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) and intramedullary nailing (IMN) of distal tibial fractures, which were classified as the simple intra-articular group and extra-articular group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty patients with distal tibial fractures, who could be followed-up more than 12 months, were evaluated. Group A consisted of 19 patients treated with MIPO and group B consisted of 31 patients treated with IMN. The results of each group were analyzed by radiological and clinical assessments.
RESULTS
The mean operation times in groups A and B were 72.4 minutes and 65.7 minutes, respectively. The mean bone union times in groups A and B were 16.4 weeks and 15.7 weeks, respectively. The bone union rate in groups A and B were 100% and 93%, respectively. The ranges of ankle motion were similar in the two groups at the last follow-up. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was similar: 90.1 in group A and 90.5 in group B. The radiological and clinical results were similar in the intra and extra-articular groups. In groups A and B, two cases of posterior angulation and five cases of valgus deformity of more than 5Â° were encountered.
CONCLUSION
Both MIPO and IMN achieved satisfactory results in extra-articular AO type A and simple articular extension type C1 and C2 distal tibia fractures.

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Intramedullary Nailing versus Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibia Shaft Fractures: Retrospective Comparison of Functional and Cosmetic Outcomes
Kahyun Kim, In Hee Kim, Geon Jung Kim, SungJoon Lim, Ji Young Yoon, Jong Won Kim, Yong Min Kim
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2023; 27(3): 93. CrossRef

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Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis versus Conventional Open Plating in Simple Humeral Shaft Fracture (AO Type A, B1, B2): Boseon Kim, GwangChul Lee, Hyunwoong Jang; J Korean Fract Soc 2017;30(3):124-130. Published online July 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2017.30.3.124

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) by comparing the results between open plating and MIPO conducted by simple humeral shaft fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From September 2010 to February 2015, we evaluated humeral shaft fractures that 26 cases underwent MIPO and 41 cases underwent open plate fixation (OPEN). Operation time, amount of blood loss, and radiative exposure time were examined. Radiographically, bone union time and angulation were compared. At last, UCLA shoulder score and MEPI were used to compare the clinical results of shoulder and elbow and complications were examined.
RESULTS
The average operation time 82Â±23 minutes in MIPO, 119Â±20 minutes in OPEN (p=0.007) and amount of bleeding 238Â±67 ml in MIPO, 303Â±48 ml in OPEN (p=0.003), radiation exposure time 201Â±85 seconds in MIPO, 20Â±5 seconds in OPEN (p=0.000) were statistically significant. Bone union time and angulations, clinical results were not statistically significant. In Complication, iatrogenic radial nerve paralysis occurred 2 cases, nonunion occurred 1 case in MIPO. Nonunion and soft tissue infection occurred 2 cases each in OPEN.
CONCLUSION
MIPO in simple humeral shaft fractures gave us radiologically and clinically satisfactory results, and may be useful by understanding the anatomical knowledge and using appropriate implants and skills.

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Outcomes of Arthroscopic Assisted Reduction and Percutaneous Fixation for Tongue-Type Sanders Type II Calcaneal Fractures
Jae Woo Park, Chul Hyun Park
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2017; 21(4): 144. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Stabilization Using a Medial Locking Plate for Proximal Tibial Fractures: Technical Note: Jae Ang Sim, Beom Koo Lee, Kwang Hui Kim, Yong Seuk Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):327-332. Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.327

Abstract PDF

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) is beneficial for proximal tibial fractures since these injuries are mostly caused by high energy traumas. The advantages of MIPO are minimization of soft tissue dissection and preservation of periosteal vascularization. Lateral plating has mostly developed as MIPO for proximal tibial fractures. We introduce minimal invasive percutaneous plate stabilization using a medial locking plate as alternative treatment for proximal tibial fractures.

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Effect of Korean Medicine Treatments in Patients with Proximal Tibia Fracture: A Retrospective Observational Study
Jung Min Lee, Eun-Jung Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2020; 30(3): 141. CrossRef
Medial Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in Proximal Tibial Comminuted Fractures
Jae-Ang Sim, Kwang-Hui Kim, Yong-Seuk Lee, Sang-Jin Lee, Beom-Koo Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 278. CrossRef

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Plate Fixation in the Treatment of in the Distal Femur Fracture: Seong Jun Ahn, Suk Woong Kang, Bu Hwan Kim, Moo Ho Song, Seong Ho Yoo, Kwan Taek Oh; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):314-320. Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.314

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment through retrospective comparison of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) vs open plate fixation in the treatment of the distal femur fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-one patients with distal femur fractures from January 2002 to December 2010 were divided into two groups depending on the surgical method. Minimum follow up was 12 months. Group A consisted of 17 patients treated with MIPPO, and group B was comprised of 14 patients treated with open plate fixation. Clinical outcomes including operation time, transfusion rate, rehabilitation, range of motion, and interval change of postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated to assess postoperative inflammatory reaction, postoperative complications and clinical results with the use of Sanders criteria.
RESULTS
The operative time was 86/135 min and transfusion volume was 0.8/1.9 unit respectively. The postoperative 3-day and 7-day CRP were 7.4/1.5 mg% in group A and 10.3/2.4 mg% in group B, showing more minimal tissue injury and early recovery in group A. There were no significant differences in clinical results by Sanders criteria in both groups.
CONCLUSION
Both MIPPO and open plate fixation for the treatment of distal femur fractures showed comparably good results. However, the MIPPO technique is superior to group B in view of minimal tissue injury and operation time and was proven to lessen the transfusion rate.

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Usefulness of Reduction and Internal Fixation Using a 2.4 mm Hand Plating System in Type AO 33-A3 Distal Femur Fracture: Technical Note
Bong-Ju Lee, Ja-Yeong Yoon, Seungha Woo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2023; 36(1): 25. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Femur Fracture: Sung Won Cho, Sang Ho Ha, Gwang Chul Lee, Woong Hee Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(3):205-211. Published online July 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.3.205

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the clinical and radiologic results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distal femur fractures using a locking compression plate (LCP) and to evaluate its usefulness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From May 2006 to April 2011, 23 patients (24 cases) with distal femur fracture were treated by MIPO with a LCP and followed-up for at least 12 months. Mean age was 61.6 years (35-80 years). Union time and post-operative alignment were measured on radiograph, and clinical function was evaluated by range of motion (ROM), Knee Society Score and complications.
RESULTS
In 22 patients (23 cases) except for 1 case, bony union was obtained after an average of 18 weeks (12-26 weeks). The mean ROM was 124 degrees (80-135 degrees). According to the Knee Society Score, there were 12 excellent, 8 good, 1 fair and 2 poor results and the mean score was 87.5 (60-98). Postoperative complications were nonunion in 1 case, ankylosis in 1 case, malunion in 2 cases and superficial wound infection in 2 cases.
CONCLUSION
The treatment of distal femoral fracture with MIPO using a LCP was considered a useful method which can result in satisfactory clinical and radiologic outcomes if there is accurate understanding about the surgical techniques and appropriate procedures involved.

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Surgical Treatment of AO/OTA 33-C Intra-Articular Distal Femoral Fractures through Parapatellar Approach
Suk Kyu Choo, Sung Tan Cho, Hyoung Keun Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2022; 35(1): 1. CrossRef
Incidence of nonunion after surgery of distal femoral fractures using contemporary fixation device: a meta‐analysis
Byung-Ho Yoon, In Keun Park, Youngwoo Kim, Hyoung-Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Yerl-Bo Sung
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2021; 141(2): 225. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Femoral Mid-Diaphyseal Fractures: Hyoung Keun Oh, Suk Kyoo Choo, Jong In Kim, Sung Jong Woo; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(2):140-146. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.2.140

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate the surgical outcomes of patients with femoral mid-diaphyseal fractures treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), which were difficult to intramedullary nailing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We evaluated 11 patients with femoral mid-diaphyseal fractures who were treated with MIPO. There were 7 males and 4 females and the mean age was 47 years (20-85 years). According to AO/OTA classification, there were 1 type of A1, 5 types of A3, 1 of B2 and 4 of B3. The reason of plate fixation instead of intramedullary nailing is as follows: femoral vessel and severe soft tissue injuries-2 cases, polytrauma patients with chest injury-6 cases, and narrow medullary canal diameter-3 cases. Six out of 11 cases were treated with initial external fixation as a damage control orthopedics.
RESULTS
The mean union time of 6 cases was 3.7 months (3-5 months). There were 5 cases (45%) of nonunion, which should be treated with autogenous bone graft. All cases of nonunion resulted from severe soft tissue damage and polytrauma, which needed initial external fixation. There was no case of malalignment and implant-related complication.
CONCLUSION
In cases of difficult intramedullary nailing for the femoral mid-diaphyseal fractures, MIPO could be an alternative surgical option, but concurrent soft tissue injuries and multiple trauma may increase the risk of nonunion in spite of biological fixation.

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Analysis of the Result Treated with Locking Compression Plate-Distal Tibia and Zimmer Periarticular Locking Plate in Distal Tibia Fracture: Jun Young Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Sung Won Cho, Sung Hae Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(2):118-125. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.2.118

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of minimally invasive plate, osteosynthesis, using either a locking compression plate-distal tibia (LCP-DT) or Zimmer periarticular locking plate (ZPLP) for distal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty one patients (51 cases), who underwent minimally invasive osteosynthesis using locking compression plate for distal tibia fractures between October 2008 and August 2011, were followed for more than six months. Eighteen patients were treated with LCP-DT and 33 patients with ZPLP. Time to bony union and anatomic alignment were evaluated radiologically. Clinically, American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scales (AOFAS score) and range of ankle motion were assessed and compared between two groups.
RESULTS
All patients achieved bony union at an average of 18 weeks on LCP-DT group and 16weeks on ZPLP group. The average American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scales was 83.3 points on the LCP-DT group, 84.6 points on the ZPLP group, and range of ankle motion averaged at 45 degrees, 48 degrees, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Both types of locking compression plates were effective when performing minimally invasive osteosynthesis for distal tibia fractures.

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Biomechanical analysis and clinical effects of bridge combined fixation system for femoral fractures
Da-xing Wang, Ying Xiong, Hong Deng, Fu Jia, Shao Gu, Bai-lian Liu, Qun-hui Li, Qi Pu, Zhong-zi Zhang
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine.2014; 228(9): 899. CrossRef

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Fixation of the Femoral Subtrochanteric Fracture with Minimally Invasive Reduction Techniques: Chul Hyun Park, Chul Wung Ha, Sang Jin Park, Min Su Ko, Oog Jin Shon; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(2):112-117. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.2.112

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the results of using minimally invasive reduction techniques in patients with femoral subtrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed 40 patients (41 cases) with subtrochanteric fracture who underwent using minimally invasive reduction techniques. The mean age was 61.4 years (15-89 years), and the mean follow-up period was 32.7 months (12-66 months). Clinical results were assessed using the Parker-Palmer mobility score and the Salvati-Wilson hip functional score. Radiographic results were evaluated using bone union time and femur neck-shaft angle.
RESULTS
No significant difference was observed in the pre- and postoperative Parker-Palmer mobility score. Salvati-Wilson hip functional score showed more than good grade in 37 cases (90%) at the last follow-up. Union was achieved in all 41 cases at an average of 22.5 weeks (18-30 weeks). The mean femoral neck-shaft angle immediately postoperatively was 128.8 degrees (120-140 degrees), and the mean difference versus contralateral sides was 2.5 degrees varus (-6-13 degrees).
CONCLUSION
Fixation of femoral subtrochanteric fracture using minimally invasive reduction techniques showed excellent clinical and radiographic results and low complication rate.

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Effects of Yuhyangjeongtong-san on Fracture Healing in Rats
Ki-Tae Kim, Na-Young Jo
Journal of Korean Medicine.2019; 40(4): 61. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Time to Bony Union of Femoral Subtrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intramedullary Devices
Jung-Yoon Choi, Yerl-Bo Sung, Jin-Hee Yoo, Sung-Jae Chung
Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(2): 107. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Humeral Proximal or Distal Shaft Fractures Using a 3.5/5.0 Metaphyseal Locking Plate: Hyoung Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Jung Il Lee, Dong Hyun Seo; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):305-309. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.305

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Our study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological results of humerus proximal or distal shaft fractures treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using a 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of 17 patients with humeral proximal or distal shaft fractures who had undergone 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate osteosynthesis with a minimally invasive technique. We evaluated the results with respect to the anatomical reduction and union of the humerus shaft fracture through radiologic studies. We also evaluated the clinical results using the motion of shoulder and elbow functional outcome, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), and postoperative complications.
RESULTS
Complete union was achieved in all cases. The mean union time was 14.2 weeks. According to the functional outcome rated by the ASES score and MEPS, 15 cases were considered excellent and 2 cases were good. There were no cases of surgically-related complications like metal failure, loss of anatomical reduction, or postoperative nerve injuries.
CONCLUSION
Using a 5.0 metaphyseal locking plate for humerus shaft fracture has the limitation that difficulties can arise in achieving sufficient screw fixation for small bony fragments. The 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate used in MIPO for humerus 1/3 proximal or distal shaft fractures was concluded to give good clinical and radiologic results.

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Polarus Intramedullary Nail for Proximal Humeral and Humeral Shaft Fractures in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis
Youn-Soo Hwang, Kwang-Yeol Kim, Hyung-Chun Kim, Su-Han Ahn, Dong-Eun Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 14. CrossRef

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Comparison of Results of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis according to Types of Locking Plate in Distal Femoral Fractures: Oog Jin Shon, Moon Soo Kwon, Chul Hyun Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):269-276. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.269

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To compare results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using a locking compression plate and a periarticular locking plate in distal femur fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed 31 consecutive femoral fractures who treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis from April 2006 to May 2009. Sixteen patients were treated using a locking compression plate (group A) and 15 patients were treated using a periarticular locking plate (group B).
RESULTS
The mean operation time was 78 minutes and 76 minutes (p=0.273), and the mean radiation exposure time was 1.9 minutes and 2.3 minutes (p=0.001) in the group A and B, respectively. The plate bending during operation was performed in 4 cases of group A. The knee range of motion was 117.5degrees and 118.2degrees (p=0.825), and the Lysholm score was 81.3 and 81.8 (p=0.723) in the group A and B, respectively. Schazker criteria showed more than good grade in 93.8% of group A and in 93.3% of group B (p=1.0).
CONCLUSION
No significant differences in clinical results were observed between the two groups. However, a lower anatomical compliance was showed in the locking compression plate, and a higher risk of radiation exposure was showed in the periarticular locking plate.

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Incidence of nonunion after surgery of distal femoral fractures using contemporary fixation device: a meta‐analysis
Byung-Ho Yoon, In Keun Park, Youngwoo Kim, Hyoung-Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Yerl-Bo Sung
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2021; 141(2): 225. CrossRef
The Mid-Term Result after Osteosynthesis of Intra-Articular Fractures of Distal Femur
Sam Guk Park, Jeong Jae Moon, Oog Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(4): 242. CrossRef

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Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture: Jae Sung Yoo, Hyun Woo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(2):117-122. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.2.117

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the clinical results of operative treatment of distal tibia fracture with locking compression plate fixation through a minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The subjects were 46 patients (conventional open surgery: 22 patients, minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis: 24 patients) with fracture of the distal tibia who were treated with plating between November 2006 and June 2010. The time of bony union, complications, range of motion, and clinical functional outcome (according to American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, AOFAS) were investigated.
RESULTS
In the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis group, the average union time was 14.3 weeks, postoperative range of motion was an average of 55.2, average AOFAS was 96.9, and incidence of complications was 20.8%. In the open surgery group, the average union time was 18.9 weeks, postoperative range of motion was an average of 49.1, average AOFAS was 83.8, and incidence of complications was 32.6%. There were statistically significant differences (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Surgical treatment with locking compression plate fixation through the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique showed favorable results regarding its union time, postoperative functional outcome, and incidence of complications. The locking compression plate fixation through minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique can be an effective treatment option.

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Fractures of Distal Tibia
Tae Hun Kim, So Hak Chung
Kosin Medical Journal.2014; 29(1): 23. CrossRef

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures: Gwang Chul Lee, Jun Young Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Hong Moon Sohn, Yi Kyu Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(1):20-25. Published online January 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.1.20

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To compare results between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using a periarticular plate and intramedullary nailing in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures in two treatment groups.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty-one cases of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures from December 2008 to December 2009 were evaluated. The minimal follow-up period was 12 months. Thirty patients treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using a periarticular plate were Group A; 31 patients treated by intramedullary nailing were Group B. We compared and analyzed the results of each group by radiological and clinical assessments.
RESULTS
The mean bony union time was 16.4 weeks in Group A and 17.2 weeks in Group B. The mean operation time was 45 minutes in Group A and 48 minutes in Group B. The mean radiation exposure times were 4.2 minutes and 4.8 minutes, respectively. VAS scores were 0.7 points and 0.5 points in each respective group. In Group A, the VAS score was 1.7 points when we applied pressure on the skin around the plate. The mean Olerud and Molander Ankle Score was 87.4 points and 86.3 points, respectively. A superficial wound infection occurred in 1 case in each group, and angular deformities more than 5 degrees occurred in 2 Group B cases.
CONCLUSION
No significant differences in results were observed between the two groups. However, a higher incidence of angular deformity was seen in the intramedullary nailing group. Therefore, we must be careful during surgery.

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
A Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chul-Hyun Park, Chi-Bum Choi, Bum-Jin Shim, Dong-Chul Lee, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 285. CrossRef

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Treatment of Distal Femur Fracture with Minimally Invasive Locking Compression Plate Osteosynthesis: Ki Chul Park, Kyu Sung Chung, Joon Ki Moon; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(1):13-19. Published online January 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.1.13

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the result of distal femur fracture treatment with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using a locking compression plate (LCP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From December 2004 to April 2010, 33 patients with distal femur fractures were treated by MIPO with a locking compression plate. The reduction state and bone union time was checked radiologically. The clinical outcome was evaluated by the Schatzker and Lambert criteria.
RESULTS
The mean bone union time was 16.3 weeks (10~22 weeks). There were 3 nonunions, 2 broken plates, 1 superficial infection, 7degrees of valgus angulation in 1 case, and 1.5 cm limb shortening in 1 case. Except for the 3 nonunion cases, according to the Schatzker and Lambert criteria, results were graded as excellent in 11 cases, good in 14 cases, and moderate in 5 cases.
CONCLUSION
The treatment of distal femoral fracture by MIPO with a locking compression plate resulted in good functional and radiological outcomes, but it has problems, such as broken plates and nonunion. Accurate surgical technique and appropriate treatment will be needed according to fracture type.

Citations

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Surgical Treatment of AO/OTA 33-C Intra-Articular Distal Femoral Fractures through Parapatellar Approach
Suk Kyu Choo, Sung Tan Cho, Hyoung Keun Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2022; 35(1): 1. CrossRef
Comparing Outcomes of Retrograde Intramedullary Nail and Locking Plate Fixation in Distal Femoral Fractures
Byung-Ho Yoon, Bo Kwon Hwang, Hyoung-Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Jong Min Sohn, Yerl-Bo Sung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(4): 131. CrossRef
Incidence of nonunion after surgery of distal femoral fractures using contemporary fixation device: a meta‐analysis
Byung-Ho Yoon, In Keun Park, Youngwoo Kim, Hyoung-Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Yerl-Bo Sung
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2021; 141(2): 225. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Femur Fracture
Sung Won Cho, Sang Ho Ha, Gwang Chul Lee, Woong Hee Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(3): 205. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for the Upper Extremity Fracture Using a Lumbar Spreader: Surgical Technique: Gu Hee Jung, Chyul Hyun Cho, Jae Do Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(1):83-86. Published online January 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.1.83

Abstract PDF: The minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) which is extensively performed, is very dependent on the indirect reduction technique to prevent the exposure of fracture sites. Indirect reduction with the use of the femoral distractor is a much more efficient technique to restore the length in the fracture of lower limbs. However, the femoral distractor cannot be used for fracture of upper limbs, and other instruments for indirect reduction have not yet been reported. Therefore, we introduce the novel indirect reduction technique with the use of the lumbar spreader for the MIPO of upper limbs.

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Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures: Sung Kyu Kim, Keun Bae Lee, Keun Young Lim, Eun Sun Moon; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(1):33-40. Published online January 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.1.33

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcome of minimally invasive osteosynthesis using locking compression plate for distal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty five patients (45 cases) who underwent minimally invasive osteosynthesis using locking compression plate for distal tibia fractures between January 2006 and June 2008, were followed for more than one year. The average duration of the follow-up was 30.5 months (12~54 months). The fracture types were as followed: 26 cases (58%) of extraarticular fractures, 19 cases (42%) of intraarticular fractures, and 16 cases (36%) of open fractures.
RESULTS
All patients achieved bone union at average of 21weeks (12~36 weeks). The average American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scales was 84.6 points (65~100 points) and range of ankle motion averaged at 46.5 degrees (20~60 degrees). Complications included 6 cases of superficial infection, 3 cases of malalignment and 5 cases of skin irritation by plate. There were no cases of deep infection, skin necrosis, shortening and metal breakage.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive osteosynthesis using locking compression plate for distal tibia fractures is considered to be an effective method with high healing rate, rapid functional recovery and low complication rate due to minimal disruption of bone and soft tissue biology and improved fixation strength.

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Anterolateral Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures Using an Anterolateral Locking Plate
Dongwhan Suh, Hwan Hee Lee, Young Hoon Han, Jae Jung Jeong
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2020; 24(1): 19. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Plate Fixation for Distal Tibia Fractures
Jung-Han Kim, Heui-Chul Gwak, Chang-Rack Lee, Yang-Hwan Jung
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2015; 19(3): 86. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Fractures of Distal Tibia
Tae Hun Kim, So Hak Chung
Kosin Medical Journal.2014; 29(1): 23. CrossRef

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Comparative Study Using of Treatment with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures: Chang Hwa Hong, Jong Seok Park, Sang Seon Lee, Soo Ik Awe, Woo Jong Kim, Ki Jin Jung; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(3):296-302. Published online July 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.3.296

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To compare the result of treatment between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using periarticular plate and intramedullary nailing in treatment of distal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
28 cases of distal tibia fractures form Jan. 2006 to Mar. 2008 were divided into two group. Minimum follow-up was for 12 month. Group 1 consisted of 14 patients who were treated by MIPO technique and group 2 consisted of 14 patients who were treated by interlocking intramedullary nailing. The results were compared by assessing radiologic and clinical result.
RESULTS
The mean bony union time was 14 weeks (8~17) in group 1 and 15 weeks (11~20) in group 2. Operation time was 58 minutes (55~65) in group 1 and 82.7 minutes (70~100) in group 2. The average angulation in AP view was 1.5 degrees (0~2) in group 1 and 2 degrees (0~5) in group 2, in lateral view was 1.8 degrees (0~4) in group 1 and 2.3 degrees (0~12) in group 2. The average range of motion for dorsi flextion was 17.5 degrees (15~20) in group 1 and 18 degrees (16~20) in group 2, for plantar flextion was 45 degrees (42~50) in group 1 and 44 degrees (42~50) in group 2, which means that there were no severe limitation of motion in all patients, resulting in satisfactory ambulation. There was no post operative complications such as skin irritation problem caused by internal device and no implant failure and superficial wound infection.
CONCLUSION
There were no difference in bony union time, clinical result and anatomical reduction between Group 1 and Group 2 in distal tibia fractures, but operation time was shorter in MIPO than nailing.

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Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures: Sung Ki Park, Chang Wug Oh, Jong Keon Oh, Kyung Hoon Kim, Woo Kie Min, Byung Chul Park, Won Ju Jeong, Joo Chul Ihn; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(3):289-295. Published online July 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.3.289

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To assess the result of staged minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distal tibial fracture with an open wound or injured soft tissue.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In 20 patients (mean age, 47.8 year-old) with distal tibial fractures, there were 4 type A fractures and 16 type C fractures based on the AO classification system. Eight of the 20 patients had open fractures. MIPO was performed on average 23.9 days after bridging external fixation. At the final follow-up, we assessed the radiological results of bone union and alignment. Functional results were also evaluated by measuring the degrees of ankle motion and the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores.
RESULTS
Seventeen of 20 cases (85%) achieved primary union at an average of 21.3 weeks. There were 3 cases of nonunion requiring a bone graft. The mean AOFAS score was 88.5 (range, 67~92) and the average range of ankle motion was 49.2degrees (plantarflexion: 37.4degrees, dorsiflexion: 11.8degrees). Complication included 2 cases of minor mal-alignment, 1 case of claw toe and 1 case of peroneal neuropathy. Patients over the age of 60 had lower functional results. Additional factors did not affect the final results.
CONCLUSION
Staged MIPO may achieve satisfactory results in distal tibial fractures with soft tissue compromise, decreasing deep infections and soft tissue complications.

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Anterolateral Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures Using an Anterolateral Locking Plate
Dongwhan Suh, Hwan Hee Lee, Young Hoon Han, Jae Jung Jeong
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2020; 24(1): 19. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Proximal and Distal Tibia Fracture: Joon Soon Kang, Seung Rim Park, Sang Rim Kim, Yong Geun Park, Jae Ho Jung, Sung Wook Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(2):172-179. Published online April 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.2.172

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To compare the efficacy of the surgical treatment through the comparison of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) and Intramedullary (IM) nailing in the treatment of the tibial shaft fractures expended to metaphysis retrospectively.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with proximal or distal third fracture of tibial shaft from May 2003 to Aug. 2006 were divided into two groups depending on the surgical method. Group A consisted of 30 patients treated with IM nailing, Group B was 29 patients treated with MIPO. The clinical outcomes were evaluated retrospectively from the time for bone union and callus formation confirmed by X-ray, functional score of knee or ankle joint, and complications including nonunion, malalignment and infection.
RESULTS
Bone union was seen radiologically at a mean of 17.4 weeks in group A, and 17.0 weeks in group B. In postoperative complications, group A showed two nonunion, two delayed-union, six malalignment, and two wound infection while group B showed only one delayed-union and one wound infection.
CONCLUSION
There were no significant differences in the time for bony union and functional score between IM nailing and MIPO. Conventional IM nailing with only interlocking technique showed higher incidence of malalignment and deformity than MIPO for the treatment of the proximal or distal third fracture of the tibial shaft.

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Effect of Korean Medicine Treatments in Patients with Proximal Tibia Fracture: A Retrospective Observational Study
Jung Min Lee, Eun-Jung Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2020; 30(3): 141. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using a Lateral Plate in Distal Tibial Fracture: Oog Jin Shon, Dae Sung Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(1):42-49. Published online January 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.1.42

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) using a lateral plate (Zimmer, Periarticular Lateral Distal Tibial Plates, USA) in distal tibial fracture within 3 cm to plafond, associated with medial soft tissue damage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2005 to December 2007, 15 patients with distal tibial fracture treated by MIPPO technique using a lateral plate were analyzed. The duration of follow-up was more than 1 year. We evaluated union time by simple X-ray, clinical results by IOWA ankle rating system, and complication.
RESULTS
The bone union was achieved in all cases at average 16.7 weeks. Evaluation of the ankle function test showed an average of 90.3 points, resulting in satisfactory. At the last follow-up, there was no non-union, angular deformity more than 5 degrees or infection.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that MIPPO technique using a lateral plate is a efficient method for high functional recovery with good bone healing and low complication in distal tibial fracture within 3 cm to plafond, associated with medial soft tissue damage.

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Anatomically Percutaneous Wiring Reduction in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young-Mo Kim, Chan Kang, Deuk-Soo Hwang, Yong-Bum Joo, Woo-Yong Lee, Jung-Mo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(3): 230. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef

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Treatment of Proximal Tibia Fractures Using LCP by MIPO Technique: Sang Ho Ha, Dong Hui Kim, Jun Young Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(1):34-41. Published online January 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.1.34

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We wanted to evaluate the efficacy of MIPO (minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis) technique by LCP (locking compression plate) for treating proximal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-three patients, who had operation due to proximal tibia fracture and available for follow up for more than 1 year were included in this study. Cause of injury and accompanied injuries were checked. Operation time, period to bone union, range of joint motion and alignment were evaluated with complications.
RESULTS
Mean bone union time was 13.7 weeks (10~20). Twenty-one cases of the patients showed angulation of less than 5 degrees and 17 cases had normal range of motion. Five cases showed skin irritation by the plate and 2 cases had superficial infection.
CONCLUSION
LCP by MIPO technique for treating proximal tibia fracture showed excellent results. Delicate technique is required for the proper adjustment of LCP and the alignment of the lower leg.

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EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR FRACTURE AROUND KNEE WITH LOCKING PLATE
VIKAS KUNTWAD, AMOL WAGH, SATYAJEET A HORE
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research.2023; : 213. CrossRef
Medial Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in Proximal Tibial Comminuted Fractures
Jae-Ang Sim, Kwang-Hui Kim, Yong-Seuk Lee, Sang-Jin Lee, Beom-Koo Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 278. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Stabilization Using a Medial Locking Plate for Proximal Tibial Fractures - Technical Note -
Jae Ang Sim, Beom Koo Lee, Kwang Hui Kim, Yong Seuk Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 327. CrossRef

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Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Proximal Tibial Fracture: Joon Woo Kim, Chang Wug Oh, Jong Keon Oh, Hee Soo Kyung, Woo Kie Min, Byung Chul Park, Kyung Hoon Kim, Hee Joon Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(1):6-12. Published online January 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.1.6

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To assess the results of staged MIPO (Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis) for proximal tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighteen proximal tibial fractures (AO 41:9 cases, AO 42:9 cases) included this study. Ten were open fractures. After temporary external fixation until soft tissue healed (mean 27.3 days), MIPO was performed secondarily without bone graft. We assessed the bony union and knee function, and affecting factors of the results were investigated.
RESULTS
All fractures united at 20 weeks (range, 11~32) except 1 case. Mean range of knee flexion was 134.4degrees and mean IOWA knee score was 89.1. There were 2 superficial and 2 delayed deep infections from open fractures (grade II:1 case, grade III:3 cases), although they healed after implant removal. Open fractures seem to influence the infection rate. Otherwise, there was no related factor affecting the results.
CONCLUSION
MIPO after temporary external fixation can provide favorable results in proximal tibial fractures with soft tissue injuries, but attention of delayed infection should be paid in open fractures.

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MINIMALLY INVASIVE OSTEOSYNTHESIS WITH PLATE OR NAIL FOR META-DIAPHYSEAL TIBIAL FRACTURES - WHAT IS BETTER?
B. Makelov
Trakia Journal of Sciences.2023; 21(4): 357. CrossRef
Effect of Korean Medicine Treatments in Patients with Proximal Tibia Fracture: A Retrospective Observational Study
Jung Min Lee, Eun-Jung Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2020; 30(3): 141. CrossRef
Comparison of Time to Operation and Efficacies of Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Block and General Anesthesia in Emergency External Fixation of Lower Leg Fractures (AO 42, 43, 44)
Chan Kang, Sang-Bum Kim, Youn-Moo Heo, You-Gun Won, Byung-Hak Oh, June-Bum Jun, Gi-Soo Lee
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery.2017; 56(5): 1019. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Proximal Tibial Shaft Fracture
Young-Soo Byun, Ki-Chul Park, Hyun-Jong Bong, Chang-Hoon Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 23. CrossRef
The Use of Fresh Frozen Allogenic Bone Graft in the Impacted Tibial Plateau Fractures
Yeung Jin Kim, Soo Uk Chae, Jung Hwan Yang, Ji Wan Lee, Dae Han Wi, Duk Hwa Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 26. CrossRef
Management of Open Fracture
Gu-Hee Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 236. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures
Sung-Ki Park, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Won-Ju Jeong, Joo-Chul Ihn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 289. CrossRef
Intramedullary Nailing of Proximal Tibial Fractures
Young-Soo Byun, Dong-Ju Shin
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 197. CrossRef
Proximal Tibia Fracture: Plating
Ki-Chul Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 206. CrossRef

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A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis & Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures: Kee Byung Lee, Si Young Song, Duek Joo Kwon, Yong Beom Lee, Nam Kyou Rhee, Jun Ha Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2008;21(4):286-291. Published online October 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.4.286

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To compare the effectiveness between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) and interlocking IM nailing in the treatment of distal tibia fracture without involvement of ankle joint retrospectively.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
38 patients with distal tibia fracture from Jan. 2004 to Oct. 2005 were divided into two groups. Minimum follow-up was for 12 months. Group MIPO consisted of 18 patients were treated with MIPO and group Nail consisted of 20 patients were treated with interlocking intramedullary nail. The results were compared between two groups by assessing bony union time and operation time. Clinical evaluation was evaluated by Olerud score.
RESULTS
The mean bony union time was 14.4 weeks (12~17 weeks) in group MIPO and 16.7 weeks (13~19 weeks) in group Nail (p=0.011). The mean operation time was 1.05 hours (0.6~1.6 hours) in group MIPO and 0.74 hours (0.4~1.1 hours) in group Nail (p=0.044). The Olerud score was 83.8 (75~100) in group MIPO and was 89.6 (70~100) in group Nail (p=0.075). In Complication, group MIPO showed one metal failure and two skin irritations, group Nail showed three superficial wound infections.
CONCLUSION
MIPO was the shorter bony union time and the longer operation time than the interlocking intramedullary nailing. There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical results.

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
A Rehabilitation for Ankle Fracture in Korean Medicine: A Report of 4 Cases
Won-Bae Ha, Jong-Ha Lee, Yoon-Seung Lee, Dong-Chan Jo, Jin-Hyun Lee, Jung-Han Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2017; 27(4): 171. CrossRef
Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Plate Fixation for Distal Tibia Fractures
Jung-Han Kim, Heui-Chul Gwak, Chang-Rack Lee, Yang-Hwan Jung
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2015; 19(3): 86. CrossRef
Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Tibial Fractures with Percutaneous Reduction by Pointed Reduction Forceps
Jae-Kwang Hwang, Chung-Hwan Kim, Young-Joon Choi, Gi-Won Lee, Hyun-Il Lee, Tae-Kyung Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(2): 144. CrossRef
A Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chul-Hyun Park, Chi-Bum Choi, Bum-Jin Shim, Dong-Chul Lee, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 285. CrossRef
Analysis of the Result Treated with Locking Compression Plate-Distal Tibia and Zimmer Periarticular Locking Plate in Distal Tibia Fracture
Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Sung-Won Cho, Sung-Hae Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(2): 118. CrossRef

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In Situ Late Metaphyseal Osteosynthesis for the Fractures of the Lateral Humeral Condyle in Children: Kun Bo Park, Seung Whan Lee, Hyun Woo Kim, Hui Wan Park, Ki Seok Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2008;21(2):151-156. Published online April 30, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.2.151

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of the in situ late osteosynthesis for slightly displaced fractures of the lateral humeral condyle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From 2000 to 2004, 12 patients (8 boys and 4 girls) were managed with in situ late osteosynthesis for fractures of the lateral humeral condyle. The average age at the time of operation was 6 years 1 month (1 year 7 months~9 years 1 month), and the mean amount of fragment displacement was 3.3 mm (2.0~4.5 mm). The operative procedure included curettage and in situ fixation of the fragment RESULTS: Bony union was achieved in all cases after avg. 48 months (33~73 months) follow-up assessment. According to the score system of Dhillon et al, 7 patients had excellent, 3 had good, 2 had fair results. None of the patients developed avascular necrosis or premature closure of the epiphysis.
CONCLUSION
We suggest that in situ fixation is an effective method for the late treatment of slightly displaced fracture of the lateral humeral condyle.

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Two-staged Delayed Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Open Fractures: Jung Hwan Yang, Seok Hyun Kweon, Jeung Woo Kim, Jin Young Park, Hyun Jun Kim, Chul Min Lim; J Korean Fract Soc 2008;21(1):24-30. Published online January 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.1.24

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcomes of distal tibial open fractures treated by two-staged delayed minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
25 cases of distal tibial open fractures were treated with temporary ring fixation and two-staged delayed MIPPO. A mean age was 46 years old, follow-up was 23 months. The type of fracture was evaluated using the AO/OTA classification. The type of open fracture was evaluated using the Gustilo-Anderson classification that revealed 6 cases of type I, 9 cases of type II, 8 cases of type IIIA and 2 cases of type IIIB. We analyzed the radiologic results and postoperative complications. The clinical and functional result were evaluated by using Teeny and Wiss scores.
RESULTS
The average time of bone union was 18 weeks in 24 cases. There were three delayed union that achieved union twenty weeks after second operation, and 1 case underwent bone graft with additional plate fixation. 6 cases of skin necrosis were treated with skin graft, 2 cases were treated with flap. The clinical and functional assessment showed that 6 cases were excellent, 16 cases were good, 2 cases were fair, and 1 case were poor results.
CONCLUSION
Two-staged MIPPO technique for distal tibia open fractures seems to be a good procedure to obtain bone union.

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Combined minimally invasive external and internal fixation in the treatment of pilon fractures
AhmedSh Rizk, MohamadS Singer, MohamadE Al-Ashhab
The Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal.2014; 49(3): 259. CrossRef
Staged Protocol in Treatment of Open Distal Tibia Fracture: Using Lateral MIPO
Oog Jin Sohn, Dong Hwa Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2011; 3(1): 69. CrossRef
Management of Open Fracture
Gu-Hee Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 236. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures
Sung-Ki Park, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Won-Ju Jeong, Joo-Chul Ihn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 289. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures: Young Mo Kim, Jae Hoon Yang, Dong Kyu Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(4):315-322. Published online October 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.4.315

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical results of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis using a periarticular plate (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN, USA) for distal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
27 patients with distal tibia fractures were treated operatively by minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis. The patients were followed for at least 1 year. The duration for bone union, complications after the surgery, the amount of skin irritation at the site of plate insertion was evaluated using the VAS score and the Olerud and Molander ankle score. The average age of the patients was 56 years old (range, 30~81 years) with an average follow up period of 21 months (range, 12~30 months).
RESULTS
The average time from trauma to surgery was 6 days (range, 2~19 days). 10 cases showed an associated distal fibular fracture. The average time for bone fusion was 14 weeks (range, 8~40 weeks) with 1 case of angular deformity with more than 5 degrees. The amount of skin irritation due to the periarticular plate resulted in a VAS score of 2.2 points. Evaluation of the ankle function test showed an average of 90.2 points, resulting in satisfactory.
CONCLUSION
The periarticular plate used in minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for distal tibia fractures was concluded to give a firm fixation of the fracture site as bony fusion could be acquired without any callus formation, and few skin irritation due to plate has seem to be an advantage.

Citations

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Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef
Anatomically Percutaneous Wiring Reduction in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young-Mo Kim, Chan Kang, Deuk-Soo Hwang, Yong-Bum Joo, Woo-Yong Lee, Jung-Mo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(3): 230. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using a Lateral Plate in Distal Tibial Fracture
Oog Jin Shon, Dae Sung Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 42. CrossRef

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Treatment of High-energy Distal Tibia Intraarticular Fractures with Two-staged Delayed Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis: Hong Moon Sohn, Jun Young Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Jae Won You, Sang Hong Lee, Kwang Chul Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(1):19-25. Published online January 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.1.19

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the short-term results of two-staged delayed minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis in high-energy intraarticular fractures of the distal tibia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirteen patients, who underwent two-staged delayed minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis for intraarticular fractures of the distal tibia between January 2002 and July 2004, were followed for more than one year. The mean interval time between first stage and second stage of the procedures was 28.6 days (range, 14~34 days). By Ruedi-Allgower classification, there were two cases in type I, three cases in type II, and eight cases in type III. There were six cases in type B and seven cases in type C patients according to AO/OTA classification. Radiographs were graded by the criteria of Burwell and Charnley and ankle functions were graded by the criteria of Mast and Teipner. Union time and postoperative complications were also analysed.
RESULTS
Average union time was 16.9 weeks (range, 14~20 weeks) in twelve of the thirteen fractures, but there was one fracture resulting in soft tissue complication and infected nonunion. At the latest follow-up, review of the radiographic results showed that ten cases of fractures (77%) achieved an anatomic reduction, two cases (15%) achieved fair reduction and one case (8%) achieved a poor reduction. And clinical functional assessment showed that nine cases (69%) were good results, three cases were (23%) fair results and one case (8%) was poor result.
CONCLUSION
Two-staged delayed minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis is an excellent option for the treatment of high-energy intraarticular fractures of the distal tibia.

Citations

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Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures
Sung-Ki Park, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Won-Ju Jeong, Joo-Chul Ihn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 289. CrossRef
The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Proximal and Distal Tibia Fracture
Joon Soon Kang, Seung Rim Park, Sang Rim Kim, Yong Geun Park, Jae Ho Jung, Sung Wook Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 172. CrossRef
Two-staged Delayed Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Open Fractures
Jung Hwan Yang, Seok Hyun Kweon, Jeung Woo Kim, Jin Young Park, Hyun Jun Kim, Chul Min Lim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 24. CrossRef

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Lateral Plate Fixation of Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fracture Using Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Technique: Ki Do Hong, Sung Sik Ha, Nam Sik Chung, Jae Cheon Sim, Sang Cheon Ahn; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(1):24-28. Published online January 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.1.24

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficiency of lateral plate fixation using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique as a treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Among the patient who were treated from March, 2002 to September, 2004, the cases of twenty patients with distal tibial metaphyseal fracture treated by lateral plate fixation using MIPO technique who were able to be followed up for at least one-year period were reviewed in this study. According to AO/OTA classification, five were type A1, twelve cases were type A2 and other three cases were type A3, and among them two cases were open fracture type I according to the Gustillo-Anderson classification. Radiologic studies and clinical assessment described by Daniel et al and complication following the treatment were evaluated.
RESULTS
At a mean of 16.4 weeks (range 11 to 23), all fractures united without secondary procedures. According to clinical assessment, all cases had good and excellent result, and there were no complications.
CONCLUSION
The lateral plate fixation using MIPO technique of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is an efficient method of treatment with high functional recovery rate which minimize soft tissue damage, decreases the risk of infection and incidence of nonunion at the same time as the classic MIPO technique does, and it is a useful alternative method when there is a anteromedial soft tissue damage.

Citations

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Fractures of Distal Tibia
Tae Hun Kim, So Hak Chung
Kosin Medical Journal.2014; 29(1): 23. CrossRef
Staged Protocol in Treatment of Open Distal Tibia Fracture: Using Lateral MIPO
Oog Jin Sohn, Dong Hwa Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2011; 3(1): 69. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using a Lateral Plate in Distal Tibial Fracture
Oog Jin Shon, Dae Sung Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 42. CrossRef

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Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Femoral Fracture: Seung Beom Han, In Chung Choi, Soon Hyuck Lee, Dong Hoon Suh, Hyung Joon Cho; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(1):11-16. Published online January 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.1.11

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, We analyzed the cases of distal femoral fracture treated with this newly developed surgical technique.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 12 cases of distal femoral fracture which had been treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and each patients had been followed up for a minimum twelve months. Post-operative function was evaluated with checking the range of motion of knee joint and Knee Society Score. Union period and post-operative alignment was measured on radiograph.
RESULTS
In all cases, bony union was obtained in average fifteen weeks after operation without bone graft. The arc of motion of knee joint which was checked at the last follow up was 123.75 degrees on average. According to Knee Society Score, there were 9 excellent, 1 fair and 1 poor results. The post-operative complications were malunion in 1 case, soft tissue infection in 1 case and joint stiffness in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
The treatment of distal femoral fracture with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is one of the good surgical options for clinically preferable results with high union rate without bone graft and early joint motion.

Citations

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Surgical Treatment of AO/OTA 33-C Intra-Articular Distal Femoral Fractures through Parapatellar Approach
Suk Kyu Choo, Sung Tan Cho, Hyoung Keun Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2022; 35(1): 1. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Femoral Mid-Diaphyseal Fractures
Hyoung-Keun Oh, Suk-Kyoo Choo, Jong-In Kim, Sung-Jong Woo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(2): 140. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Femur Fracture
Sung Won Cho, Sang Ho Ha, Gwang Chul Lee, Woong Hee Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(3): 205. CrossRef
Treatment of Distal Femur Fracture with Minimally Invasive Locking Compression Plate Osteosynthesis
Ki-Chul Park, Kyu-Sung Chung, Joon-Ki Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 13. CrossRef

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Treatment of Lateral Malleolar Fractures using Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Technique: Dong Joon Kim, Byoung Ho Suh, Jin Woo Kwon, Gyu Min Kong, Sang Ho Moon, Jong Moon Bae; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):286-290. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.286

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy and complication of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique for lateral malleolar fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2001 to December 2003, we had treated 13 cases of lateral malleolar fracture (AO-OTA classification, type A: 4, type B: 9) by MIPO technique and followed them up more than 1 year. Operation time, union time, radiologic alignment, range of motion of the ankle joint, functional results according to criteria of Meyer and complication were evaluated.
RESULTS
After the final follow-up, all the fractures were healed without any second procedure, full-weight bearing ambulation was started in average 10 weeks. Any malunion was not observed by the inadequate bending of plate. Two patients felt a discomfort of ankle because the location of plate was lower than the tip of the lateral malleolus, but all the patients had excellent or satisfactory ankle functions. No deep infection or soft tissue compromise were observed at the last follow up.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis technique is safe and worthwhile method in management of lateral malleous fractures while avoiding the complications associated with conventional open plating methods.

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Percutaneous Plating of Weber B Fibular Fractures
Amol Saxena, Andrew Yun
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery.2017; 56(2): 366. CrossRef
Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for ankle fractures: a prospective observational cohort study
Robinson Esteves Santos Pires, Cyril Mauffrey, Marco Antônio Percope de Andrade, Leonardo Brandão Figueiredo, Vincenzo Giordano, João Carlos Belloti, Fernando Baldy dos Reis
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology.2014; 24(7): 1297. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fracture: Ki Chul Park, Ye Soo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):264-268. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.264

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and advantages of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique as a new treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nineteen distal tibial metaphyseal fractures were treated by MIPO technique and evaluated radiologically and functionally. A mean age was 46 years old (range 20~69 years) and a mean follow-up was 15 months (range 6~37 months). Sixteen fractures were not extended into ankle joint (AO/OTA type A1;4, A2;8, A3;4) and three fractures were extended into ankle joint (AO/OTA type C1;2, C2;1). Two cases were open fractures (type I;1, type III-A;1) according to the Gustilo-Anderson classification.
RESULT
At a mean of 18 weeks (range 12 to 24), all fractures united without secondary procedures. A mean score was 94.2 point by Baird ankle scoring system. There were no complications including shortening over 1 cm, mal-alignment over 5 degrees, deep infection, or implant failure.
CONCLUSION
MIPO technique of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is a worthwhile method with good unions and functional recovery.

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
A Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chul-Hyun Park, Chi-Bum Choi, Bum-Jin Shim, Dong-Chul Lee, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 285. CrossRef
Analysis of the Result Treated with Locking Compression Plate-Distal Tibia and Zimmer Periarticular Locking Plate in Distal Tibia Fracture
Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Sung-Won Cho, Sung-Hae Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(2): 118. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures
Gwang Chul Lee, Jun Young Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Hong Moon Sohn, Yi Kyu Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 20. CrossRef
Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture
Jae-Sung Yoo, Hyun-Woo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(2): 117. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef
Management of Fractures of Distal Tibia by Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis through an Anterior Approach
Gu-Hee Jung, Jae-Do Kim, Jae-Ho Jang, Sung-Keun Heo, Dong-won Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2010; 45(6): 473. CrossRef
Comparative Study Using of Treatment with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chang Hwa Hong, Jong Seok Park, Sang Seon Lee, Soo Ik Awe, Woo Jong Kim, Ki Jin Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 296. CrossRef
A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis & Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Kee-Byung Lee, Si-Young Song, Duek-Joo Kwon, Yong-Beom Lee, Nam-Kyou Rhee, Jun-Ha Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 286. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young Mo Kim, Jae Hoon Yang, Dong Kyu Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 315. CrossRef
Treatment of High-energy Distal Tibia Intraarticular Fractures with Two-staged Delayed Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis
Hong-Moon Sohn, Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Jae-Won You, Sang-Hong Lee, Kwang-Chul Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 19. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Unstable Fractures of the Distal Tibia: Se Ang Chang, Hyug Soo Ahn, Young Soo Byun, Ji Hwan Kim, Hoon Ho Bang, Do Yop Kwon; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(2):155-159. Published online April 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.2.155

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in unstable fractures of the distal tibia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From March 2001 to December 2003, 21 cases with unstable fractures of the distal tibia were treated with MIPO technique and followed for at least one year. Eighteen cases were extra-articular and three cases were intra-articular fractures. According to AO classification, six cases were 42-A, four 42-B, one 42-C, seven 43-A, and three 43-C. There was only one case of Gustilo-Anderson type II open fracture. We reviewed the results of fracture healing, axial and rotational deformity, ankle motion, and complications RESULTS: All fractures were healed in an average of 16.1 weeks (range, 11 to 24 weeks). There was only one case of 7-degree posterior angular deformity, but no cases of rotational malalignment. Recovery of ankle motion was satisfactory in all patients within 5-degree loss of motion. Subcutaneous abscess was developed in one case after fracture healing and cured by a drainage with implant removal.
CONCLUSION
Although MIPO technique is technically more demanding than the traditional open technique, MIPO technique is an effective method for unstable fractures of the distal tibia because it minimizes incidence of soft-tissue compromise and infection and provides good fracture healing.

Citations

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Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture
Jae-Sung Yoo, Hyun-Woo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(2): 117. CrossRef
Staged Protocol in Treatment of Open Distal Tibia Fracture: Using Lateral MIPO
Oog Jin Sohn, Dong Hwa Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2011; 3(1): 69. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures
Sung-Ki Park, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Won-Ju Jeong, Joo-Chul Ihn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 289. CrossRef
Management of Fractures of Distal Tibia by Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis through an Anterior Approach
Gu-Hee Jung, Jae-Do Kim, Jae-Ho Jang, Sung-Keun Heo, Dong-won Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2010; 45(6): 473. CrossRef
Comparative Study Using of Treatment with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chang Hwa Hong, Jong Seok Park, Sang Seon Lee, Soo Ik Awe, Woo Jong Kim, Ki Jin Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 296. CrossRef
A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis & Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Kee-Byung Lee, Si-Young Song, Duek-Joo Kwon, Yong-Beom Lee, Nam-Kyou Rhee, Jun-Ha Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 286. CrossRef
Basic Principle of the Locking Compression Plate
Keun Bae Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(3): 261. CrossRef
Treatment of High-energy Distal Tibia Intraarticular Fractures with Two-staged Delayed Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis
Hong-Moon Sohn, Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Jae-Won You, Sang-Hong Lee, Kwang-Chul Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 19. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis, MIPO
Young-Soo Byun
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 99. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young Mo Kim, Jae Hoon Yang, Dong Kyu Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 315. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Femoral Fractures: Sung Jung Kim, Chang Wug Oh, In Ho Jeon, Hee Soo Kim, Byung Chul Park, Hee Soo Kyung, Joo Chul Ihn, Ho Sung Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(4):474-481. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.4.474

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and advantages of minimal invasive plating osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique as a new treatment of distal femoral fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixteen supracondylar femoral fractures (15 patients) were treated by MIPO technique and evaluated radiologically and functionally after minimal 1 year follow-up (average; 22 months, range; 13~42 months). There were 9 women and 6 men with a mean age of 46 years old (range 35 to 64 years). Seven fractures were extended into knee joints (AO/OTA type C), and 9 were extraarticular (AO/OTA type A). Five cases were open fractures (type I; 2, type II; 3) according to the Gustilo-Anderson classification. After minimal lateral parapatellar incision and accurate reduction of intra-articular fractures, the supracondylar fractures were fixed by percuatneous plating method without exposure of fracture area. Neer scoring was used for functional evaluation of knee.
RESULT
At a mean of 17 weeks (range 14 to 22), most fractures united without secondary procedures. One case of nonunion had the procedure of bone graft, but there were no other complications including shortening over 1 cm, mal-alignment over 10 degrees, or deep infections. All the cases had good or excellent knee function, and the average range of knee motion was 120.6 degrees.
CONCLUSION
MIPO technique is a worthwhile method of managing distal femoral fractures with good unions and functional recovery.

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Plate Fixation in the Treatment of in the Distal Femur Fracture
Seong-Jun Ahn, Suk-Woong Kang, Bu-Hwan Kim, Moo-Ho Song, Seong-Ho Yoo, Kwan-Taek Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 314. CrossRef
Treatment of Distal Femur Fracture with Minimally Invasive Locking Compression Plate Osteosynthesis
Ki-Chul Park, Kyu-Sung Chung, Joon-Ki Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 13. CrossRef
Axial Malalignment after Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Femur Fractures with Metaphyseal Comminution
Jae-Ho Jang, Gu-Hee Jung, Jae-Do Kim, Cheung-Kue Kim
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2011; 46(4): 326. CrossRef
Surgical Treatment of AO Type C Distal Femoral Fractures Using Locking Compression Plate (LCP-DF, Synthes®)
Kap-Jung Kim, Sang Ki Lee, Won-Sik Choy, Won-Cho Kwon, Do Hyun Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 20. CrossRef
What is an Ideal Treatment?
Chang-Wug Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 347. CrossRef

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Double Tension Band Osteosynthesis in Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus: Ho Jung Kang, Hong Hee Kim, Dong Joon Shim, Soo Bong Hahn, Eung Shick Kang; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):551-557. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.551

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study evaluated the clinical result of supracondylar fractures of the humerus treated with double tension band osteosynthesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From October 1992 to September 2001, 14 patients with supracondylar fractures of the humerus were treated by method of double tension band osteosynthesis. Eleven fractures were the results of slipped down injury and two traffic accidents and one direct trauma. All fractures were classified according to the AO fracture classification (A2; 2, A3; 1, C1; 6, C2; 3, C3; 2). There were 5 males and 9 females with average age of 51.6 years (range 15 to 88). Olecranon osteotomy was performed in 4 patients with severe comminuted fractures. Postoperative immobiliza-tions were required for an average of 20.6 days and consolidations were noted after an average of 10.1 weeks. Before operation, bone marrow density studies were performed in five fractures above 65 years. Average T-score of the patients were -3.65 on femur neck and -2.97 on lumbar spine. All patients were re-examined after an average of 16.4 months.
RESULTS
Union and consolidation was achieved in all 14 patients with no secondary displacement. In range of motion, eight patients judged their results as excellent and four as good. Ten patients had no pain and four had only occasional discomfort. Early removal of K-wires was performed in one patient because irritation of one side K-wires were develop. Sensory change of the ulnar nerve was noted in two patients. Anterior transposition of ulnar nerve was performed in one patient and the other was improved spontaneously. Skin necrosis was developed in one patient but was healed after pin removal and conservative care.
CONCLUSION
The advantages of double tension band wiring are an easier and faster procedure, less periosteal and muscle damage, and more symmetrical compression than double plating. Therefore, in the commiuted osteoporotic fracture with poor tolerance for internal fixation with the plate or the simple supracondylar fractures in young age, double tension band osteosynthesis can provide sufficient and secure stability to allow early functional exercise.

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Shaft Fracture: Jun Young Yang, Kwang Jin Rhee, June Kyue Lee, Deuk Soo Hwang, Hyun Dae Shin, Hyun Ho Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):286-291. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.286

Abstract PDF

INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis(MIPPO) was performed to treat distal tibial shaft fracture, and the results were compared to those of open plate fixation to find appropriate treatments MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patients who visited the Orthopedics Department at our hospital and were diagnosed with distal tibial shaft fracture, 12 cases that received MIPPO and 14 cases receiving open plate fixation were chosen for the study. The average age of patients were 57.8 and 50.8 years, and the male:female ratio was 1:1 in both cases. The average post-operative follow up period was 18 months and 19.5 months, and simple X-ray was done to evaluate the fracture healing.
RESULTS
The cases that received MIPPO, the operation time was 46.5 minutes and the average period of hospitalization was 25.3 days. There were no Nonunion, one case of delayed union, and one case of superficial infection. In the open plate fixation group, was 115.6 minutes and 48.3 days. Nonunion was in two cases, delayed union in two cases, superficial infection in one case, and deep infection in two cases. The nonunion cases were later given autogenous bone graft and fracture healing was attained.
CONCLUSION
By performing MIPPO quicker recovery of the patient can be made. Infection and nonunion, the most important complications due to operation, can be reduced. MIPPO thus seems to be the method leading to more close physiologic bone fusion in the treatment of distal tibial shaft fracture.

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Plate Fixation in the Treatment of in the Distal Femur Fracture
Seong-Jun Ahn, Suk-Woong Kang, Bu-Hwan Kim, Moo-Ho Song, Seong-Ho Yoo, Kwan-Taek Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 314. CrossRef

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Treatment of distal tibia metaphyseal fractures by percutaneous plate osteosynthesis: Chang Wug Oh, Joo Chul In, Seong Man Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):185-191. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.185

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and efficacy of the percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for the distal tibia metaphyseal fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one patients suffering from fractures of the distal tibial metaphysis, with or without minimally displaced extension into the ankle joint, were treated by percutaneous plate osteosynthesis with narrow LC-DCP. According to the AO/OTA classification, 17 fractures had no articular involvement (A1=8, A2=6, A3=3) while 4 included intraarticlar extension (C1=4).
RESULTS
At the final follow-ups(mean=20months), all the fractures healed without second procedures and the mean union time was 15.2 weeks. Only one patient had a malunion of rotational deformity due to inadequate prebending of plate, but there were no angular deformities over 5 degrees nor any shortenings of more than 1cm. There were no deep infections, nor any soft tissue compromise. Three patients had a partial limitation of ankle motion, but all the patients had excellent or satisfactory ankle function with mean OMA score of 89.1%.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous plate osteosynthesis is a safe and worthwhile method of managing distal tibia metaphyseal fracture while avoiding some of the complications associated with conventional open plating methods.

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Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of the periarticular tibial fracture: Jae Duk Ryu, Weon Yoo Kim, Jin Hyung Sung, Jin Il Park, Jin Young Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(1):66-72. Published online January 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.1.66

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate the effective surgical method for the periarticular tibial fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective review was done on 27 cases with the periarticular tibial fracture who were treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis(MIPO) between March, 1995 and December, 1998. The mean follow up period was 20.3 months(range: 14-42 months). Raiological bony union and clinical complications were analysed. Nineteen cases(70%) were proximal and remained 8 were distal. Five were open fractures and 15(56%) were communited.
RESULTS
Postoperatively if clinical(12.3 weeks) and radiolographic(14.7 weeks) signs of healing were present, and their concurrent injuries allowed, full weight bearing was initiated. In functional evaluation, proximal tibia fractures were excellent and good in 17 cases, fair in 2 cases and distal tibia fractures were good in 6 cases, fair in 1 case, poor in I case. Complications were occurred in 5 cases(19%)as superficial infection, rotational malunion, nonunion and knee joint stiffness.
CONCLUSION
It seems that the MIPO on patients with periarticular tibial fracture allows early motion of adjacent joint, shorten the interval of radiographic and clinical union and decrease the complications and it has excellent cosmetic effect. As a conclusion, we recommend that the MIPO should be considered as an appropriate operative treatment regimen in treating peritalar tibial fracture. But we have to pay attention to prebending a plate before application.

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Treatment of femur neck fracture : Attributing factor of postoperative collapse & avascular necrosis: Do Hyun Moon, Kee Chul Ko; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):780-785. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.780

Abstract PDF

We have experienced some difficulties in anatomical reduction and osteosynthesis of femoral neck fracture due to its specific anatomical structuret. The purpose of this study are to analyse attribilting factors of postoperative collapse and aseptic necrosis in femoral neck fractures. We studied 62 cases of femoral neck fracture treated with the internal fixation from February 1995 to August 1997 at Gil General Hospital. Average follow up period was 1.6years. We analyzed age, sex, operation interval, Garden stage, Pauwel angle, Singh index, fracture site and the fixation method. The results obtained were as follows : Increased incidence of collapse and aseptic necrosis was noted with higher Garden stage(Garden stage 4), wider Pauwel angle(over type 2), under 40 year or over 60 year old age, woman and larger operative interval.

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Hidden osteonecrosis of the femoral head after healed femoral neck fractures: magnetic resonance imaging study of 58 consecutive patients
Chul-Ho Kim, Minkyu Shin, Dongkeun Lee, Se Jin Choi, Dou Hyun Moon
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2022; 142(7): 1443. CrossRef

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Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture by Osteosynthesis: Won Yong Sohn, Hong Chul Lim, Seung Joo Jeon, Ky Sung Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(1):6-12. Published online January 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.1.6

Abstract PDF: We reviewed respectively the results of treatment of femotal neck fracture using ostesoynthetic methods, in 29 patients who were treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guro hospital, Korea university, from January 1991 to December 1995. 20 cases were stabilized by cannulated hip screw, 6 cses by compression hip screw and 3 cases by Knowles pin. With the average follow up of 26 months (12-45 months), we analtzed the cauwe of injury with age, fracture types by Gardens method, the accuracy of reduction by Gardens alignment index and the functional results of the hip by Harris hip score and walking capacity. The adequacy of reduction by Gardens alignment index were as follows: anatsmical in 14, acceptable in 12 and poor in 3 cases. The fnetional results by Harris hip score and walking capacity were as follows : excellent in 21, good in 3, fair in 2 and poor in 3 cases. Complications after treatment of femoral neck fracture were one case of AVN, one case of non-union and two cases of combination of AVN and non-union. All these complications were developed in displaced femoral neck fracture with poor quality of reduction and directly correlated with initial displacement of fracture and reversely correlated with adequacy of reduction. Our concluwions are treatment of femoral neck fracture using osteosynthesis is favorable in young age regardless of intial displacement and in old age without osteoporosis and displacment and satisfactory results are produced from acceptable to anatomical reduction of fracture.

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Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures in the Elderly Patients Aged over 60 years: Comparative Study between Osteosynthesis and Bipola Arthroplasty: You Sung Suh, Byung Woo Kim, Kyung Dae Min, Chi Soo Son, Soo Kyoon Rah, Chang Uk Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(1):153-158. Published online January 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.1.153

Abstract PDF: STUDY DESIGN: Seventy femoral neck fractures in the elderly patients aged over 60 years treated with osteosynthesis or primary biploar arthroplasty were assessed on complication and functional outcome at final follow up. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of femoral neck fractures in the elderly patients aged over 60 years treated with osteosynthesis or primary bipolar arthroplasty retrospectively. To know the indications of each method. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Althrough the osteosynthesis method had preservation of hip joint, primary osteosynthesis method had possibility of major complications as nonunion and avascular necrosis of femoral head.
METHODS
Seventy patients with intra-articular femoral neck fracture were treated with osteosynthesis in 33 patients(group 1) and primary biploar arthroplasty in 37 patients(group 2). A comparartive analysis of age, sex, type of fracture, initial displacement of fracture, method of treatment, fixation device type, quality of reduction, operative time, blood loss at operation, complication and functional outcome at final follow up were performed.
RESULTS
The female was more three times than male. The mean ages were 70.1 years old in group 1 and 73.3 years old in group 2. In group 1, complications such as non-union and avascular necrosis of femoral head were significantly greater in the subcapital fractures and Garden's stage 3,4 than the transcapital fractures and Garden's stage 1,2. In operative method, blood loss and operative time were significantly greater in the group 2 than in the group 1. Seven major complications (avascular necrosis: 6 cases, non-union: 1 case) occurred in group 1, two major complications(death: 2 cases) occurred in group 2. The functional outcomes were superior to the group 2, but it may be due to high complication rates in group 1.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that the important factors that influenced the clinical results were type of fracture, initial displacement of fracture, quality of reduction. So in relatively poor arthroplasty.

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The Result of Osteosynthesis of Scaphoid with Matti-Russe Technique and Herbert Screw: Duck Yun Cho, Young Gil Hahm, Myoung Hyoung Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1996;9(1):24-32. Published online January 31, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1996.9.1.24

Abstract PDF: Fracture of scaphoid are second most common fractures of wrist, and about 1/6 of these fractures proceed to nonunion. The most widely used surgical procedure of scaphoid nonunion has been Matti-Russe procedures,and Hebert screw is a recently introduced fixation device as a means of rigid internal fixation promoting union and decreasing immobilization time. Authors have managed 15 cases of scaphoid nonunion with Mtti-Russe bone grafting technique and herbert screw, and accomplished satisfactory results: The union rate Was 96.6%, the average time to union was 17.1 weeks, and according to Maudsleys assessment criteria, we obtained 7 cases of excellnt, 6 good, and 2 fair results. Despite of its technical demand and lack of the number and study material, Matti-Russe bone grafting technique with Herbert screw fixation seems efficient and reliable method of treatment.

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The IliBarov Technique in the Treatment of Nonunions of Long Bone: Hong Jun Han, Dae Moo Shim, Sang Hoon Cha; J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(1):254-261. Published online January 31, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.1.254

Abstract PDF: Orthopaedic surgeons have employed many different techniques for the management of nonunion of long bone. But, nonunion of long bone continued to challenge ouhopaedic surgeons. We used llizarov apparatus for the chronic infected nonunions or nonunions with large bone defect to achieve union, to correct deformity, to eradicate infection and to eliminate bone defect. Twenty-eight patients were treated for nonunions of long bone with llizarov apparatus by the same surgeon between 1990 March and 1992 August. Followings are the summary of the results. 1. 21 patients achieved solid bony union. The average duration of application of apparatus was 10.12 months. 2. 8 patients with less than 2cm shortening were treated by monofocal compression osteosynthesis, with an average healing time of 6.3 months. None of these 8 cases had infection. 3. 14 patients with infection and less than 2cm bone defect were also treated by monofocal compression osteosynthesis, with an average healing time of 8.7 months. 4. 6 patients with more than 2cm shortening or bone defect were treated by bone lengthening or bone transport. The average length gain was 5.6cm. 5. We have not any significant complications with llizarov method. The most common complication was a superficial pin tract infection in 12 patients(43%). 6. If the bony defect was not large, it was thought to be better to change B, or B, type nonunion to B, type to improve bony contact and healing. We find ourselves capable of solving increasingly more difficult problems with a level of sucess rarely, if ever, achieved with other conventional method.

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