Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

The Effects of Extramedullary Reduction in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture: A Biomechanical Study Using Cadaver Bone: Young Chang Park, Soon Phil Yoon, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2018;31(3):79-86. Published online July 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2018.31.3.79

PURPOSE
To prevent excessive sliding and subsequent fixation failures in unstable intertrochanteric fractures with posteromedial comminution, extramedullary reduction through overlapping of the anteromedial cortices of both proximal and distal fragments as a buttress has been introduced. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties between two reduction methods-intramedullary reduction and extramedullary reduction-in treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures with posteromedial comminution (AO/OTA classification 31-A2.2).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eight pairs of frozen human cadaveric femora were used. The femora of each pair were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the intramedullary reduction group or the extramedullary reduction group. A single axial load-destruction test was conducted after cephalomedullary nailing. Axial stiffness, maximum load to failure, and energy absorbed to failure were compared between the two groups. Moreover, the pattern of mechanical failure was identified.
RESULTS
The mean axial stiffness in the extramedullary reduction group was 27.3% higher than that in the intramedullary reduction group (422.7 N/mm vs. 332.0 N/mm, p=0.017). Additionally, compared with the intramedullary reduction group, the mean maximum load to failure and mean energy absorbed to failure in the extramedullary group were 44.9% and 89.6% higher, respectively (2,848.7 N vs. 1,966.5 N, p=0.012 and 27,969.9 NÂ·mm vs. 14,751.0 NÂ·mm, p=0.012, respectively). In the intramedullary reduction group, the mechanical failure patterns were all sliding and varus deformities. In the extramedullary reduction group, sliding and varus deformities after external rotation were noted in 3 specimens, sliding and varus deformities after internal rotation were noted in 3 specimens, and medial slippage was noted in 2 specimens.
CONCLUSION
In unstable intertrochanteric fractures with posteromedial comminution, the biomechanical properties of extramedullary reduction are superior to those of intramedullary reduction. Anteromedial cortex could be the proper buttress, despite a comminuted posteromedial cortex. It could help enhance the stability of the bone-nail construct.

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The effect of anterior support screw (AS2) in unstable femoral trochanteric fractures: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Takashi Maehara, Takashi Hayakawa, Shunsuke Mukoyama, Yoshihisa Anraku, Takahiro Hamada, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Takeshi Doi, Tomohiko Shimizu, Masanori Yorimitsu, Hidefumi Teramoto, Takao Mae, Yasunori Okamoto, Jun Hara, Kazushi Mihara, Koichi Kanekasu
Injury.2024; 55(10): 111725. CrossRef
Anteromedial cortical support reduction of intertrochanteric fractures–A review
Wenjun Xie, Liu Shi, Cheng Zhang, Xueliang Cui, Xiangxu Chen, Tian Xie, Sheng Zhang, Hui Chen, Yunfeng Rui
Injury.2024; 55(12): 111926. CrossRef
Anteromedial Cortical Support in Reduction of Trochanteric Hip Fractures
Wei Mao, Chen-Dong Liu, Shi-Min Chang, Ao-Lei Yang, Choon Chiet Hong
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.2024; 106(11): 1008. CrossRef
Five states of reduction in OTA/AO A1.3 intertrochanteric fractures of the femur a biomechanical study
Shu Li, Yong-Gang Bao, Rong-Hua Tian, Chun-Yang Meng, Hai-Bin Wang, Bin Wu, Xian-Min Bu
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Intramedullary Impaction of the Basicervical Component is Determinant of Fixation Failure in a Simple Two-Part Pertrochanteric Fracture
Seok Ha Hong, Kang Hun Yu, Seung Beom Han
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Flexible reamer use to overcome entry point errors in proximal femoral nail application in severe obese intertrochanteric fracture patients
Levent Horoz, Ali Ihsan Kilic, Cihan Kircil, Mehmet Fevzi Cakmak
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk Factors Associated with Fixation Failure in Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with Cephalomedullary Nail
Hyung-Gon Ryu, Dae Won Shin, Beom Su Han, Sang-Min Kim
Hip & Pelvis.2023; 35(3): 193. CrossRef
Positive or negative anteromedial cortical support of unstable pertrochanteric femoral fractures: A finite element analysis study
Qin Shao, Yue Zhang, Gui-Xin Sun, Chen-Song Yang, Na Liu, Da-Wei Chen, Biao Cheng
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2021; 138: 111473. CrossRef
Clinical and Radiologic Outcome of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treatment Using TFNA (Trochanteric Fixation Nail-Advanced)
Hyeon Joon Lee, Hyun Bai Choi, Ba Rom Kim, Seung Hwan Jo, Sang Hong Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(3): 105. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Mechanical Complications in Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
Oog-Jin Shon, Chang Hyun Choi, Chan Ho Park
Hip & Pelvis.2021; 33(3): 154. CrossRef
Additional Reduction Screw Fixation Technique for Pertrochanteric Hip Fractures: A Novel Method to Prevent Excessive Sliding in Cephalomedullary Nail Surgery
Chul-Ho Kim, Han Soul Kim, Dou Hyun Moon
Hip & Pelvis.2021; 33(3): 162. CrossRef
Comparison of sliding distance of lag screw and nonunion rate according to anteromedial cortical support in intertrochanteric fracture fixation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Eic Ju Lim, Seungyeob Sakong, Whee Sung Son, Jae-Woo Cho, Jong-Keon Oh, Chul-Ho Kim
Injury.2021; 52(10): 2787. CrossRef
A new fluoroscopic view for evaluation of anteromedial cortex reduction quality during cephalomedullary nailing for intertrochanteric femur fractures: the 30° oblique tangential projection
Shi-Yi Chen, Shi-Min Chang, Rujan Tuladhar, Zhen Wei, Wen-Feng Xiong, Sun-Jun Hu, Shou-Chao Du
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
New Approach in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture Using a Cephalomedullary Nail
Junyoung Kim, Kihong Choi, Kyu Hyun Yang
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2020; 55(3): 193. CrossRef
Effect of a synthetic osteoconductive bone graft substitute with zeta potential control (geneX®ds) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture: A single center experience of 115 consecutive proximal femoral nail antirotations
Won Chul Shin, Jae Hoon Jang, Jae Yoon Jeong, Kuen Tak Suh, Nam Hoon Moon
Journal of Orthopaedic Science.2019; 24(5): 842. CrossRef

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Oncogenic Osteomalacia with Multiple Insufficiency Fractures: A Case Report: Young Chang Park, Joon Oh Seo, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2017;30(3):146-150. Published online July 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2017.30.3.146

Abstract PDF: Oncogenic osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, characterized by hypophosphatemia, renal phosphate wasting, osteomalacia, and multiple insufficiency fractures, as a result of the tumor. A wide excision of the causative tumor is considered as the treatment of choice, following which, a dramatic recovery is expected. Authors report a case in which the symptoms and bone mineral density were dramatically recovered after an excision of the causative tumor around the tibialis posterior muscle in oncogenic osteomalacia.

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Calcified Anterior Tibial Artery Entrapment in Distal Third Tibial Fracture: A Case Report: Kyu Hyun Yang, Yougun Won, Sang Bum Kim, Won Kuen Park, You Sun Jung; J Korean Fract Soc 2016;29(1):68-72. Published online January 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2016.29.1.68

Abstract PDF

In the distal third of the tibia, the anterior tibial artery runs close to the anterolateral surface of the tibial cortex. In a clinical situation, without vascular evaluation, injury or entrapment of the anterior tibial artery is difficult to detect. Because, an intact dorsalis pedis pulse is supplied with the collateral vessels of the posterior tibial artery. An entrapped anterior tibial artery can be injured during closed reduction in an emergency room or open reduction and internal fixation in the operating room. Care must be taken to prevent iatrogenic anterior tibial artery. In this case, an entrapped anterior tibial artery was observed in a simple radiograph and computed tomograph without contrast media for the vessel. We report on a rare case of calcified anterior tibial artery entrapment in a distal tibial fracture.

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Comparison of Time to Operation and Efficacies of Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Block and General Anesthesia in Emergency External Fixation of Lower Leg Fractures (AO 42, 43, 44)
Chan Kang, Sang-Bum Kim, Youn-Moo Heo, You-Gun Won, Byung-Hak Oh, June-Bum Jun, Gi-Soo Lee
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery.2017; 56(5): 1019. CrossRef

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Surgical Timing of Treating Adult Trauma: Emergency/Urgency: Dong Hyun Kang, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2015;28(2):139-145. Published online April 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2015.28.2.139

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Erratum: Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Treatment for Stimulation of Callus Formation in Elderly Patients: Hyung Keun Song, Sung Jun Kim, Jae Hoo Lee, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(2):170-171. Published online April 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.2.170; Corrects: J Musculoskelet Trauma 2012;25(4):295

Abstract PDF: The figures and it's legends didn't match each other. So we correct them.

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Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Treatment for Stimulation of Callus Formation in Elderly Patients: Hyung Keun Song, Sung Jun Kim, Jae Hoo Lee, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):295-299. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.295; Correction in: J Musculoskelet Trauma 2013;26(2):170

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on fracture healing in elderly patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analyzed the radiologic results in 14 patients. Group I (n=7) was administrated intermittent PTH after surgical treatment and group II (n=7) was treated only with surgery. We checked the time of initial callus formation, bridging callus formation, and bone union through periodic follow-up radiographs by a radiologist who did not know the patient's information.
RESULTS
The mean time to initial callus formation was 6 weeks for group I, compared with 6.7 weeks for group II. The mean time to bridging callus formation was 15.9 weeks for group I, compared with 23.0 weeks for group II. The mean time to bone union was 28.7 weeks for group I, compared with 41.9 weeks for group II. The difference in the cumulative detection rate (CDR) of the initial callus formation of group I and II was not statistically significant (p=0.793). However, the CDR of the bridging callus formation and bone union for group I were higher than those of group II (p=0.008, p=0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSION
The intermittent PTH administration after surgical treatment and maximum possible preservation of the periosteum in elderly patients accelerates fracture healing.

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Effects of Extracts from Cnidium officinale and Angelica sinensis on Bone Fusion in Mice with Femoral Fracture
Sang Woo Kim, Min-Seok Oh
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2024; 34(2): 1. CrossRef
Timing of osteoporosis therapies following fracture: the current status
Rajan Palui, Harsh Durgia, Jayaprakash Sahoo, Dukhabandhu Naik, Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Postoperative Parathyroid Hormone Administration on Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fractures of Females
Hyun Cheol Oh, Ju Hyung Yoo, Joong Won Ha, Yung Park, Sang Hoon Park, Han Kook Yoon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2020; 55(3): 237. CrossRef
The role of teriparatide in tuberosity healing after reverse shoulder arthroplasty in complex proximal humeral fragility fracture
Bancha Chernchujit, Renaldi Prasetia
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Bone Substitutes and the Advancement for Enhancing Bone Healing
Dong-Hyun Lee, Ji Wan Kim
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Current Role and Application of Teriparatide in Fracture Healing of Osteoporotic Patients: A Systematic Review
Sang-Min Kim, Kyung-Chung Kang, Ji Wan Kim, Seung-Jae Lim, Myung Hoon Hahn
Journal of Bone Metabolism.2017; 24(1): 65. CrossRef
The Effect of Teriparatide on Fracture Healing of Osteoporotic Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Shenghan Lou, Houchen Lv, Guoqi Wang, Licheng Zhang, Ming Li, Zhirui Li, Lihai Zhang, Peifu Tang
BioMed Research International.2016; 2016: 1. CrossRef
A systematic review on the use of daily subcutaneous administration of teriparatide for treatment of patients with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture in Asia
J.F. Chen, K. H. Yang, Z.L. Zhang, H.C. Chang, Y. Chen, H. Sowa, S. Gürbüz
Osteoporosis International.2015; 26(1): 11. CrossRef

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Anti-osteoporotic Drugs and Fracture Healing Mechanism: Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(2):212-216. Published online April 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.2.212

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Effects of Extracts from Cnidium officinale and Angelica sinensis on Bone Fusion in Mice with Femoral Fracture
Sang Woo Kim, Min-Seok Oh
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2024; 34(2): 1. CrossRef
Effect of Postoperative Parathyroid Hormone Administration on Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fractures of Females
Hyun Cheol Oh, Ju Hyung Yoo, Joong Won Ha, Yung Park, Sang Hoon Park, Han Kook Yoon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2020; 55(3): 237. CrossRef
Medical Treatment of Osteoporosis/Prevention of Falls
Hyoung Keun Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(4): 165. CrossRef

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Removal of a Broken Intramedullary Nail with a Narrow Hollow Using a Bulb-tipped Guide Wire and Kirschner Wire: A Case Report: Moses Lee, Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(4):377-381. Published online October 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.4.377

Abstract PDF

To report the unusual failure of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) at the level of lag screw hole and introduce a simple technique for removal of a broken intramedullary nail with a narrow hollow using a bulb-tipped guide wire and Kirschner wire.

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Novel Method for Removal of Broken Intramedullary Interlocking Nail with a Subtrochanteric Fracture
Ashwani Soni, Anmol Sharma, Rajeev Kumar Kansay, Deepam Vashist
JBJS Case Connector.2019; 9(4): e0182. CrossRef
METHOD FOR REMOVING BROKEN PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAILS USING EXISTING SCREW HOLE
CHO HONG MAN, MIN WOONG BAE
Acta Ortopédica Brasileira.2018; 26(1): 72. CrossRef
A blocking-wire technique for removal of a broken hollow intramedullary nail
Xuan-Lin Zheng, Young-Chang Park, Dong-Hyun Kang, Sang-Ok Seok, Yeo-Kwon Yoon, Kyu-Hyun Yang
Injury.2016; 47(7): 1601. CrossRef
Removal Methods for Broken Proximal Femoral Nails Using Ball Tip Guide Wire: Technical Note and Two Cases Report
Bong-Ju Park, Hong-Man Cho
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(4): 315. CrossRef

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Distal Tibial Nailing: Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(4):300-305. Published online October 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.4.300

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Clinical Outcome after Treatment of Tibia Segmental Fracture with Intramedullary Nailing and Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis
Jun Young Lee, Hyung Seok Park, Dong Hyuk Cha
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2020; 33(3): 142. CrossRef
Management of Open Fracture
Gu-Hee Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 236. CrossRef

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Correction of Malalignment during Subtrochanteric Nailing: Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(1):66-70. Published online January 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.1.66

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Subtrochanteric Fracture Reduction during Intramedullary Nailing: Technical Note
Gyu Min Kong
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2019; 32(2): 107. CrossRef
Treatment of Femur Subtrochanteric Fracture Using the Intramedullary Long Nail; Comparison of Closed Reduction and Minimal Open Reduction
Sang Joon Lee, Sang Hong Lee, Sang Soo Park, Hyung Seok Park
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2015; 50(1): 18. CrossRef
Surgical Treatment of Femur Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Fracture
Jong-Oh Kim, Tae-Ho Kim
Hip & Pelvis.2010; 22(1): 1. CrossRef

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The Usefulness of Hip to Thigh Ratio as an Anthropometric Indicator for the Incidence of Hip Fracture: Jin Park, Kyu Hyun Yang, Seong Hwan Moon; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(1):1-5. Published online January 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.1.1

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To compare anthropometric indicators around the hip between osteoporotic fracture group and control group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty patients for osteoporotic hip fracture and the same number of patients for spine fracture who admitted our institute from November 2006 to March 2007 were matched with control patients without osteoporotic fracture. The waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), thigh circumference (TC), and height were measured. From these measurements, waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to thigh ratio (WTR), hip to thigh ratio (HTR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), hip to height ratio (HHtR), and thigh to height ratio (THtR) were calculated. All these indicators were compared between hip fracture and control group, and between spine fracture and control group.
RESULTS
Comparison between spine fracture and control group showed that the WC, WHR, WHtR were statistically significant, but all indicators failed to show accuracy in the ROC analysis. Comparison between hip fracture and control group demonstrated the TC, WTR, HTR, WHtR, HHtR, THtR were statistically significant. However, only the HTR showed fair accuracy in the ROC analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of the HTR was 0.75 (95% confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.87) (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION
The HTR was fairly accurate in predicting the incidence of hip fracture compared with any other anthropometric indicators. Therefore, we can consider that the HTR has clinical usefulness.

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Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures Using a F-plate: Kyu Hyun Yang, Jae Bong Chung, Han Kook Yoon, Si Young Park, Hang Seob Yoon; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(1):1-5. Published online January 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.1.1

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of F-plate in displaced intra-articular fractures of calcaneus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Total 43 cases treated with F-plate and followed up at least six months postoperatively were reviewed. Radiographically, BÃ¶hler angle was measured and all cases were subdivided by Sanders classification. Each case was reviewed for the presence of local infection, traumatic arthritis, nonunion, and any breakage of plate or screw. Maryland foot score was used for clinical assessment and factors influencing on clinical results were determined.
RESULTS
The mean BÃ¶hler angle was improved from 0.5Â° (range: -24.7~35.5Â°) preoperatively to 25.8Â° (range: 14.2~38.6Â°) postoperatively and the angle at last follow-up was 23.5Â° (range: 10.2~37.5Â°), showing about 2.3 degree decline compared to postoperative BÃ¶hler angle. There were two cases of F-plate breakage and two cases of screw breakage but the metal breakage did not affect any change in BÃ¶hler angle. Other complications were; five cases of traumatic arthritis, one case of varus malunion and one case of deep wound infection. According to Maryland foot score, there were 10 excellent, 22 good, 10 fair and 1 poor result. Furthermore, Age, pre-operative BÃ¶hler angle and the patient's expectation on financial compensation had significant influences upon the clinical result.
CONCLUSION
F-plate fixation seems to yield firm fixation and satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of calcaneus.

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Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of ‘Blocking Kirschner Wire Technique’ in Displaced Intra-Articular Calcaneal Fractures via the Extended Sinus Tarsi Approach
Jeong-Kil Lee, Chan Kang, Sang-Bum Kim, Gi-Soo Lee, Jung-Mo Hwang, Byung-Kuk An
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2021; 56(3): 224. CrossRef
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with AO Calcaneal Plate for Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fracture
Myung Jin Lee, Sung Keun Sohn, Kyu Yeol Lee, Sung Soo Kim, Min Soo Kang, Hyeon Jun Kim, Sang Kyu Sun
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 303. CrossRef
Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures Treated with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation -A Comparative Study between Groups with and without Bone Graft-
Hong Moon Sohn, Sang Ho Ha, Jun Young Lee, Sung Hwan Jo, Hoon Yang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 180. CrossRef

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Treatment of Pertrochanteric Fracture: Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(1):76-82. Published online January 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.1.76

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Comparison of Reductions of Left and Right Proximal Portions of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated by Intramedullary Nailing
Hyun Cheol Oh, Joong Won Ha, Yung Park, Sang Hoon Park, Han Kook Yoon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2021; 34(2): 64. CrossRef
Surgical Treatment of Femur Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Fracture
Jong-Oh Kim, Tae-Ho Kim
Hip & Pelvis.2010; 22(1): 1. CrossRef

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Correlation between Anterior and Posterior Obliquity of the Sliding Lag Screw and Stability in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures: Kyu Hyun Yang, Je Hyun Yoo, Dong Joo Rhee, Jung Hoon Won, Dae Ya Kim, Dong Sik Sim; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(4):308-313. Published online October 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.4.308

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate the characteristics of the sliding pattern of the proximal fragment (head and neck) in unstable intertrochanteric fractures, which were fixed with a dynamic hip screw (DHS) with anterior to posterior or posterior to anterior insertion angle in the axial view.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
AO type A2.1 intertrochanteric fracture was reproduced in 10 proximal femur model (Synbone, Malans, Switzerland). Five fractured models were reduced and fixed using DHS with anterior to posterior insertion angle (group 1) and five models were fixed with posterior to anterior angle (group 2). Load of 500 N (30 cycles) was applied to the fracture fragment-plate complex using Instron 6022. Data on the distance of sliding and the angle of rotation of the proximal fragment were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
No significant difference was noted statistically in the distance of sliding between the two groups (p=0.92). However, the mean angle of rotation was 13.4degrees and 8.0degrees in group 1 and 2, respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.012). Anterior cortical fracture of distal fragment was noted in 3 cases of group 1. There was no fracture of the anterior cortex in group 2.
CONCLUSION
In unstable intertrochanteric fracture, the insertion angle of the lag screw in axial view does seem to play a role in the fate of bone-plate complex. Early eccentric contact of both fragments caused rotation of the proximal fragment in all cases and anterior cortical fracture of the distal fragment in 3 cases of group 1.

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Mechanical Properties of F Plate in Intraarticular Calcaneal Fractures: Kyu Hyun Yang, Young Hee Park, Jung Hoon Won, Dae Ya Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(2):167-172. Published online April 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.2.167

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We evaluated the mechanical properties of F plate fixation comparing with Y plate and a screw fixation for the intraarticular calcaneal fractures using synthetic bones.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using 12 synthetic calcaneal bones, newly designed F plate was compared with the Y-plate, most commonly used, regarding the change of Bohler angle and the displacement of the thalamic fragments of the calcaneus after axial compressive loading by Instron 6022.
RESULTS
Y plate fixation lost 8degrees of Bohler angle in average after axial compressive load and 2.6degrees in F plate fixation. Thalamic fragments were displaced 1.72 mm in average in Y plate fixation group and 0.73 mm in F plate fixation group.
CONCLUSION
F plate offered more firm fixation than Y plate in the intraarticular calcaneal fracture in the aspect of maintaining the Bohler angle and preventing displacement of the thalamic fragments of calcaneus against axial compressive loading.

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The Effect of Temporary K-wire Fixation in the Plate Fixation for Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fracture
Kiwon Young, Jin Su Kim, Jinseon Moon
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2014; 18(3): 119. CrossRef
Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures Using a F-plate
Kyu Hyun Yang, Jae Bong Chung, Han Kook Yoon, Si Young Park, Hang Seob Yoon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 1. CrossRef

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The Effect of Bone Connecting Powder on Stimulation of Bone Healing (Biomechenical study using double-blind method): Kyu Hyun Yang, Sung Hoon Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):264-270. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.264

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate the effect of bone connecting powder on stimulation of bone healing, we performed a biomechenical study using the rats in double blinded method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred ten-week-old korean rats were used. We performed closed intramedullary nailing with #2 Kirschner wire on the right femur and then transverse fracture was created on the right femoral shaft. The rats were divided into two groups in double blind method, one group was bone connecting powder feeding group and the other was placebo group. The rats were euthenized four weeks after fracture. We measured the ultimate load, stiffness, ultimate stress by 3-point bending test using electromechanical testing machine. The code used for double blinded method was disclosed after biomechanical test.
RESULT
Biomechenical test was performed at four weeks after fracture, in which there were 38 rats alive in the study group and 36 rats alive in the placebo group. There were 5 nonunion in study group, 7 in placebo group. The ultimate load was 40.77 +/- 28.09N for study group, 32.39 +/-25.10N for placebo group and stiffness was 49.98 +/- 45.32N/mm, 40.52 +/-36.61N/mm respectively. We calculated the ultimate stress to correct the difference from each bone's shape and thickness and it was 11.017 +/- 10.170N/mm 2 , 6.659 +/-6.670N/mm 2 for each other(p=0.041).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of this biomechenical study, it may be concluded that fracture healing is stimulated by bone connecting powder.

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Anatomical Results According to Fracture Pattern after Surgical Treatment of Acetabular Fractures: Kyu Hyun Yang, Dae Yong Han, Seong Jin Park, Jae Min Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):754-760. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.754

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We analyzed the anatomical results of operative treatment in acetabular fractures according to fracture pattern and surgeon's experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From December, 1993 to December, 1999, 100 cases of acetabular fractures operated by single surgeon were analyzed. Fracture configuration was classified by Letournel's method. The anatomical results were classified by Matt' s criteria and Claude Martimeau score.
RESULTS
There were 36 elementary fractures(anterior column type: 4 cases, posterior wall type: 29 cases, transverse type: 3 cases) and 64 complex fractures(posterior wall and posterior column type: 4 cases, anterior and posterior hemitransverse type: 8 cases, transverse and posterior wall type: 16 cases, T type: 6 cases, both column type: 30 cases). According to Matta's criteria, all elementary fractures were seen anatomic or satisfactory results however, eleven cases of combined fracture were seen unsatisfactory results. Mean Claude Martimbeau's score was 6.1 point. Elementary fracture was 7.5 point and combined fracture was 5.4 point. Both column fracture was 4.4 point and it was the lowest point among the fractures. In both column fracture, the improvement of surgeon's skill made more good anatomical results. There were four cases of infection and 2 cases of nerve injury.
CONCLUSION
In operative treatment of acetabular fractures, complexity of fracture demands more appropriate surgical approach and skillful surgeon,

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Surgical Treatment of Posterior Wall Fractures of the Acetabulum
Young-Soo Byun, Se-Ang Chang, Young-Ho Cho, Dae-Hee Hwang, Sung-Rak Lee, Sang-Hee Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(2): 123. CrossRef

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Segmental Breakage of Distal Interlocking Screw Complicating removal of broken nail: A Case Report: Kyu Hyun Yang, Seong Jin Park, Hyung Jung Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):709-712. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.709

Abstract PDF: Metal failure (nail breakage) after locked intramedullary nailing results from delayed union or nonunion, which necessitates removal of nail and interlocking screws. Breakage of interlocking screw(s) can be associated with failure of the intramedullary nail. It usually breaks into two parts. Proximal part, which contains the screw head, can be removed by screwdriver without difficulties. Distal part can be removed from the far cortex or be left in place if it does not hinder further procedures. We experienced a case of segmental breakage of distal interlocking screw, which was associated with failure of the femoral nail and nonunion. Middle part of the broken screw obstructed the hollow of the nail and complicated the removal of the broken nail.

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Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibial Fracture: Kyu Hyun Yang, Dae Yong Han, Seong Jin Park, Hwan Wook Yoo, Ki Won Yang; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):901-908. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.901

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
: We evaluated the efficacy of intramedullary nailing in distal tibial fractures. Material and Method : Twenty-six patients with distal tibial fracture were treated with intramedullary nailing between Jan. 1996 and May 1998. Operation was done on the fracture table under skeletal traction. We evaluated the causes of trauma, type of fracture, location of fracture, time to union, malunion, nonunion, range of motion of knee and ankle, and degree of pain.
RESULTS
: There were 4 cases of open fracture and 4 cases of closed soft tissue injury at fracture site. The time to fracture union was 19 weeks on average. One case(3.8%) did not heal by 10 months and was classified as nonunion. The union rate was 96.2 % and the complication rate was 7.7%(one case of nonunion and one case of malunion). There was no infection and soft tissue disruption. The range of motion of knee was reduced in 1 case(3.8%) and 2 patients(7.7%) complained of mild pain at the knee joint. The range of motion of the ankle joint was reduced in 4 cases(15.5%), averaging 15.5 degrees in dorsiflexion and 9 cases(34.6%), averaging 21 degress in plantarflexion. Two patients complained of mild pain at the ankle joint.
CONCLUSION
: We had relatively good clinical and radiological results and concluded that closed intramedullary nailing is a safe and effective method of managing distal tibial fracture.

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Stimulation of fracture Healing by Low-Intensity Pulsing Ultrasound: Kyu Hyun Yang, Chong Hyuk Choi, Jae Ho Cho; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(2):247-253. Published online April 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.2.247

Abstract PDF

We performed a preliminary study to evaluate the effect of ultrasound in canine osteotomy model. Both ulna shafts were osteotomized and one side was irradiated with low-energy pulsing ultrasound, 50mW/cm2, 1 MHz, 200 microsecond bursting sine wave for 15 minutes, 6 days a week. Effect on the fracture healing was evaluated by radiologic scoring system, amount of uptake of radioactive isotope, and time to union. Results were as follows : At postoperative 2 months, means of the radiologic healing score were 4.5 in the irradiated side and 2.5 on the control side (p=0.019). Mean isotope uptake in the irradiated side was 44.4 count and 33.8 count in the control side (p=0.028). Two nonunion developed on the control side. Mean time to union of eight dogs was 2.6 months in the irradiated side and 3.1 months on the control side. Based on the cumulative union rate curve, fracture healing was stimulated and union was obtained one month faster in the irradiated side than the control side.

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Alterations in Serum Levels of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand and Osteoprotegerin in Patients with Head Injury and Fracture
Shin Young Park, Kuen Tak Suh, Chang Hoon Ryu, Seung Hun Woo, Jung Sub Lee, Seong-Gang Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 145. CrossRef

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Treatment of Tibial Shaft Fracture Using Intramedullary Nail: Dae Young Han, Kyu Hyun Yang, Young Chul Cho, Myung Koo Kim, Seong Jin Park; J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(3):566-571. Published online July 31, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.3.566

Abstract PDF: In the treatment of tibial shaft fracture with intramedullary nail. reaming effectively lengthens the isthmus of the tibia and there by extends the number of fractures amenable to this technique. Reming process, however, destroys the endosteal blood supply, may impair bony union and provecate infection in open fracture. Eighty-eight cases of tibial shaft fractures treated with reamed nail(56 cases) and unlearned nail(32 cases) from January 1991 to August 1994 at Yonsei Medical Center were analyzed. Average follow-up period was 7.3 months.
Results
were as follows 1. In closed fractures, there was no difference in union time between reamed and unlearned group, and low energy injury group had shorter union time than high energy injury group. 2. In open fractures, unlearned group had shorter union time than reamed group. 3. Unlearned group had less complications such as infection and delayed union, and had more cases of interlocking screw breakage(3 cases) which did not dusturb the bony union. In conclusion, unlearned tibial nailing was useful method to treat not only open fracture but also closed fracture.

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Interlocking Nailing for Tibial Fractures: Ick Hwan Yang, Kyu Hyun Yang, Dae Yong Han, Hui Wan Park, Hyun Cheol Oh; J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(3):538-543. Published online July 31, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.3.538

Abstract PDF: Nawadays, tibial fractures are not uncommon and those treatment methods are varied also. Recently interlocking nailing for tibial fracture is widely used. Between March 1992 and February 1994, 20 tibial fractures were treated with interlocking nail in 18 patients over 12 months follow up. The results were as follows: 1. Seventeen cases(85.0%) were able to perform active ROM exercise of knee and ankle within 1 week. Partial weight bearing for dynamic interlocking nailing, was allowed in 2.6 weeks(mean). For static interlocking nailing, weight bearing was allowed in 6.7 weeks. 2. The average operation time was 42 minutes, blood loss within 100ml. The fracture sites were not exposed. 3. Union without complications was achieved in 19 cases(95.0%) in average 12.8 weeks. One case needed a secondary operation later with Ilizarov external flxator due to reduction failure. 4. There was no nonunion or reduction loss after weitht bearing. 5. Complications were reduction failure, supeficial infections, and screw breakages. In conclusion, interlocking nailing for tibial fractures was gained good results with low complications and early weight bearing, leads to excellent results.

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Fracture Healing Process: Kyu Hyun Yang; J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(2):318-322. Published online April 30, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.2.318

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Application of orthofix dynamic axial fixator for the fracture and dislocation around the hip joint report of four cases: Kyu Hyun Yang, Joon Sup Jahng, Hyun Woo Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1991;4(2):275-280. Published online November 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1991.4.2.275

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Treatment of the defect nonunion of the tibia by Ilizarov internal transfer technique report of one case: Kyu Hyun Yang, Jun Seop Jahng, Hui Wan Park, Jin Woo Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1991;4(1):106-111. Published online May 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1991.4.1.106

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Pin and plaster technique using olive stop wires for the oblique orspiral fractures of the tibia: Hai Wan Park, Jun Seop Jahng, Koon Soon Kang, Kyu Hyun Yang, Hak Sun Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1991;4(1):100-105. Published online May 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1991.4.1.100

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Dislocation of Fifth Carpornetacarpal Joint: Two Cases Report: Jun Seop Jahng, Hui Wan Park, Kyu Hyun Yang, Chang Hoon Jeon; J Korean Soc Fract 1990;3(2):275-279. Published online November 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1990.3.2.275

Abstract PDF

Dislocation of fifth carpometacarpal joint is an unusual injury. In First case, traumatic dislocation of fifth carpometacarpal joint, fracture of the shaft of fourth metacarpal bone and hamate were present. The diagnosis of dislocation of fifth carpometacarpal joint was missed initially. In second case, there was only dislocation of 5th CMC joint. In these cases, we treated the dislocation of fifth carpometacarpal joint with percutaneous K-wire fixation and short arm splint immobilization.

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Fracture-Dislocation of the Carpometacarpal Joint with the Fracture of Hamate
Jin Woong Yi, Whan Young Chung, Woo Suk Lee, Cheol Yong Park, Youn Moo Heo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 297. CrossRef

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A Clinical Study on the Supracondylar and Intercondylar Fractures of the Femur: Koon Soon Kang, Jun Seop Jahng, Hui Wan Park, Kyu Hyun Yang, Seok Joo Moon; J Korean Soc Fract 1990;3(2):170-179. Published online November 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1990.3.2.170

Abstract PDF: The fractures of the supracondylar and intercondylar region of the femur are difficult to manage because of the wide range of potential complications. Most studied over the past twenty years have attempted to compare the results of nonsurgical with those of surgical methods. The new fixation divices and techniques were developed. The accurate anatomical reduction, rigid internal fixation, and early motion of joint have more improved results of the treatments than past. The following clinical results were shown by analsis of 18 cases of supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of the femur treated in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine during the past 6 years from Jan. 1983 to Dec. 1988. 1. The prevalent age distribution was between 41 and 50 years of age(33.3%) and the ratio between male and female was 1.3:1. The most common cause of injury was traffic accidents(66.7%). 2. A classification of supracondylar and intercondylar fractures was divided according to ASIF classification, and the most common type was C2(55.5%). 3. Thirteen patients(72.2%) were associated with injuries of other parts and the most frequent associated fracture was tibial fracture and the most common associated other injury was cerbral consussion or contusion. 4. The satisfactory(excellent or goo) result of surgical treatment(14 cases) and conservative treatment(4 cases) was equal(50.0%). But severity of injury of conservative treatment group was milder than surgical treatment group. 5. Complications were deep infection of 2 cases(11%), delayed and nonunion of 4 cases (22%), Knee joint siffness below 90 rnage of motion of 8 cses(44.4%). 6. Finally, good results of treatment depend largely on early accurate anatomical reduction, rigid internal fixation, early joint motion.

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Ankle Dislocation Without Associated Fractures: Report of 2 cases: Kyu Hyun Yang, Jun Sub Jahng, Koon Soon Kang, Myoung Hoon Han; J Korean Soc Fract 1989;2(2):202-205. Published online November 30, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1989.2.2.202

Abstract PDF: Tibio-talar dislocation that is not associated with fracture is a rare injury. In 1939, Wilson et al. reviewed fourteen cases and described two cases of their own. Since then, there have been few reports of limited experiences. The authors experienced two cases of posteromedial dislocation without fracture among 32 cases of ankle dislocation which were treated at department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei Univeristy College of Medicine from April 1983 to May 1989.

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