Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Single Percutaneous Retrograde Anterior Column Screw Fixation in a Minimally Displaced Transverse Acetabular Fracture - A Case Report -: Seungyup Shin, Jinkyu Park, Sungho Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2023;36(2):57-61. Published online April 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2023.36.2.57

Abstract PDF: According to the Letournel classification, a transverse fracture is the only elementary fracture pattern that breaks both the anterior and posterior border of the innominate bone. A transverse acetabular fracture separates the innominate bone into two segments: the iliac segment and the ischiopubic segment. Therefore, minimally displaced transverse fractures can be stabilized by purchasing both segments with a large-diameter single screw. Although it is not a stable internal fixation construct compared with plates and screws, it provides sufficient stability to promote early mobilization and early weight-bearing while minimizing the risk of secondary displacement and preventing secondary complications associated with prolonged bed rest and immobilization. The authors successfully treated a case of minimally displaced transverse acetabular fracture with percutaneous column fixation using a retrograde fashion of a single anterior column screw. This report discusses the case with a literature review and deliberates the usefulness of the procedure.

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Usefulness of Percutaneous Cannulated Screws with Tension Band Wiring for Minimally Displaced Fractures of the Patella: Ho Min Lee, Jong Pil Kim, Phil Hyun Chung, Eun Woo Bae; J Korean Fract Soc 2022;35(4):142-150. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2022.35.4.142

Abstract PDF: Purpose
To evaluate the usefulness of percutaneous cannulated screws with tension band wiring (PC-STBW), a minimally invasive surgical technique, compared to conservative treatment for a minimally displaced patella transverse fracture.
Materials and Methods
The subjects included patients from 2010 to 2019 with transverse patella fractures, who were diagnosed as minimally displaced fractures, and were followed up for at least 1 year. Of these, 61 patients who were treated with cylinder casts were classified as Group A, and 53 patients who were treated with PCSTBW were classified as Group B. The clinical evaluation was carried out by evaluation of the radiographic bone union and calculation of the Bostman knee score. Any complications observed were investigated.
Results
All patients in both groups showed no further displacement of the fracture gap, and the bone union was achieved in all cases. The functional evaluation of the knee joint measured at the 8- and 12-week follow-up showed superior results in Group B wherein subjects were treated with surgery, and similar results were seen in both groups during the 6 months and 1-year follow-up. One case in Group A suffered the complication of knee stiffness.
Conclusion
For the treatment of minimally displaced transverse patellar fractures, both conservative treatment and PCSTBW showed similar good results at the 6-month and one-year follow-up. However, the PCSTBW technique showed superior clinical results in the early stage follow-up within 12 weeks.

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Minimal Invasive Fixation Methods for the Metacarpal Fracture: Ki Youn Kwon, Jin Rok Oh, Ji Woong Kwak; J Korean Fract Soc 2022;35(1):9-15. Published online January 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2022.35.1.9

Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study compared the radiologic and clinical outcomes of metacarpal fractures treated with two minimally invasive surgical techniques: Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation and headless screw fixation.
Materials and Methods
This study included 52 patients (46 males and 6 females; age 18-55 years) with distal metacarpal fractures (middle and distal shaft, including the neck) who had undergone K-wire fixation or headless screw fixation. All subjects were followed up for at least six months. The radiologic assessments were performed to evaluate the angular deformity and shortenings. The total active motion (TAM), grip strength, and patients’ subjective functional assessment were measured to evaluate the hand function. The time taken to return to work (RTW) and adverse events were analyzed.
Results
Of the 52 cases, metacarpal fractures treated with headless screw fixation and K-wire fixation showed a significant difference associated with early RTW (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the subjects treated with K-wire fixation and those with headless screw fixation in terms of the radiologic measurement, hand function examinations, complications, and adverse events (p>0.05).
Conclusion
After a six-month follow-up, minimally invasive K-wire fixation and headless screw fixation produced similar clinical and radiologic outcomes in subjects with metacarpal fractures. Compared to K-wire fixation, however, headless screw fixation led to earlier functional recovery and might be a better option for treating metacarpal fractures in this regard.

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Comparison of Percutaneous versus Open Pedicle Screw Fixation for Treating Unstable Thoracolumbar Fractures: Jin Young Han, Ki Youn Kwon; J Korean Fract Soc 2020;33(1):1-8. Published online January 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2020.33.1.1

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study compared the clinical and radiological results between two groups of patients with percutaneous fixation or conventional fixation after hardware removal.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study analyzed 68 patients (43 open fixation and 43 percutaneous screw fixation [PSF] 25) who had undergone fixation for unstable thoracolumbar fractures. The radiologic results were obtained using the lateral radiographs taken before and after the fixation and at the time of hardware removal. The clinical results included the time of operation, blood loss, time to ambulation, duration of the hospital stay and the visual analogue scale.
RESULTS
The percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) group showed better results than did the conventional posterior fixation (CPF) group (p<0.05) in regard to the perioperative data such as operation time, blood loss, and duration of the hospital stay. There were no significant differences in wedge angle, local kyphotic angle, and the Î”Kyphotic angle on the postoperative plane radiographs between the two groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in the wedge angle and local kyphotic angle after implant removal (p>0.05) between the two groups as well. However, there were significant differences in the segmental montion angle (p<0.001), and the PPSF group showed a larger segmental motion angle than did the CPF group (CPF 1.7Â°Â±1.2Â° vs PPSF 5.9Â°Â±3.2Â°, respectively).
CONCLUSION
For the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures, the PPSF technique could achieve better clinical results and an improved segmental motion angle after implant removal within a year than that of the conventional fixation method.

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A Comparison of 2 Surgical Treatments for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures: Temporary Osteosynthesis and Arthrodesis
Halil Ibrahim Süner, Rafael Luque Pérez, Daniel Garríguez-Pérez, Marta Echevarría Marín, Jose Luis Pérez, Ignacio Domínguez
World Neurosurgery.2022; 166: e419. CrossRef

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Surgical Results of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Fixation in the Treatment of Clavicle Shaft Fracture: Seong Ho Yoo, Suk Woong Kang, Jae Seung Seo; J Korean Fract Soc 2019;32(1):21-26. Published online January 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2019.32.1.21

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study analyzed the results of the midclavicle fracture treatment using the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique in a retrospective manner.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between March 2013 and March 2017, this study analyzed 40 patients who received MIPO surgery. Excluding 1 patient who underwent surgery on another body part injury, and 4 patients who were lost to follow-up over 1 year, 40 patients were analyzed for their operation time, bone union, functional American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, scar lengths, pain relief (visual analogue scale), and complications.
RESULTS
All patients over a 1 year of follow-up achieved bone union, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score 97.6 (94â€“100) on their shoulder functional scores. Their average operation time was 42.7 minutes, and the average scar length was 6.1 cm. Eighteen patients successfully received metal removal using the previous scar without additional incision. The clavicle length was similar in the normal and operated group.
CONCLUSION
Despite its small sample size, clavicle fixation using the MIPO technique can be considered an effective treatment because of its limited number of complications, such as nonunion and rotational angulations.

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Additional fixation using a metal plate with bioresorbable screws and wires for robinson type 2B clavicle fracture
Woo Jin shin, Young Woo Chung, Seon Do Kim, Ki-Yong An
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow.2020; 23(4): 205. CrossRef

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Spino-Pelvic Fixation in Unstable Sacral Fracture: A Case Report: Jung Hwan Choi, Kyu Tae Hwang, Seung Gun Lee, Chang Nam Kang; J Korean Fract Soc 2018;31(4):145-148. Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2018.31.4.145

Abstract PDF: A 22-year-old female patient visited the emergency room (ER) after a pedestrian traffic accident in a drunken state. An examination at the ER revealed fractures at the right side of the sacral ala, sacral foramina, left anterior acetabulum, right inferior ramus, and right superior articular process of S1. She underwent spino-pelvic fixation and iliosacral (IS) screw fixation. One year later, bone union was completed and implant removal was performed and the treatment was completed without complications. The authors recommend spino-pelvic fixation and IS screw fixation for unstable sacral fractures as one of the excellent methods for obtaining posterior stability of the pelvis among the various treatments of unstable sacral fractures.

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Comparison of the Treatment Results between Reduction with Percutaneous Wiring and Reduction without Percutaneous Wiring in Reverse Oblique Trochanteric Fractures (AO Classification 31-A3.3): Jae Woo Park, Oog Jin Shon, Seung Wan Lim; J Korean Fract Soc 2017;30(4):192-197. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2017.30.4.192

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of percutaneous wiring in the reduction of reverse oblique trochanteric fractures (AO classification 31-A3.3) by analyzing the treatment results with or without the use of percutaneous wiring.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-five cases from January 2008 to August 2014 that could be followed-up for at least one year were selected among patients with unstable trochanteric fractures who underwent either internal fixation or open reduction. Seventeen patients underwent surgery with percutaneous wire fixation but another 18 patients underwent surgery without it. All patients received a closed reduction and internal fixation with an intramedullary nail. The factors evaluated were as follows: the length of operation, loss of blood, length of in-hospital stay, lower limb function scale, return to preinjury daily life, change in femur neck shaft angle, postoperative gap of the fracture site, time taken for bone attachment, quality of post-operative reduction, and complications.
RESULTS
No significant difference in the mean operative time, loss of blood, length of in hospital stay, lower limb function scale, return to pre-injury daily life, change in femur neck shaft angle, postoperative gap of the fracture site, and quality of postoperative reduction was observed between the two groups. A significant difference was noted in the time taken for bone attachment (p=0.032). Bone attachment took 13.3 weeks (9â€“17 weeks) on average when fixed with percutaneous wiring and no patient was found to have any complications. When treated without percutaneous wiring, however, bone attachment took 17.8 weeks (12.5â€“28.0 weeks) on average and three cases resulted in delayed union.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous wiring is a recommended treatment option for patients with an unstable trochanteric fracture.

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Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Tibial Fractures with Percutaneous Reduction by Pointed Reduction Forceps: Jae Kwang Hwang, Chung Hwan Kim, Young Joon Choi, Gi Won Lee, Hyun Il Lee, Tae Kyung Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2014;27(2):144-150. Published online April 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2014.27.2.144

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to analyze the radiographic and clinical results of intramedullary nailing after percutaneous reduction using pointed reduction forceps for spiral or oblique fractures of the distal tibia. The benefit of percutaneous reduction using pointed reduction forceps in anatomical reduction and maintenance was assessed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2005 to December 2009, 47 cases of distal one-third tibial fracture were managed by intramedullary nailing using pointed reduction forceps. Thirty-eight cases were spiral fracture and nine cases were oblique fracture. In all cases, the percutaneous reduction was achieved using pointed reduction forceps under fluoroscopy control. While maintaining the reduction with the pointed reduction forceps, the intramedullary nail was inserted. The pointed reduction forceps were removed after insertion of proximal and distal inter-locking screws. Alignment was evaluated with anterior-posterior and lateral radiographs taken immediately post-operation and at the time of union.
RESULTS
At immediate post-operation, the mean displacement of valgus and anterior angulation was 0.57degrees and 0.24degrees, respectively. That of valgus and anterior angulation at bone union was 0.37degrees and 0.16degrees, respectively. The average duration of bone union was 16.1 weeks.
CONCLUSION
Intramedullary nailing with percutaneous reduction using pointed reduction forceps for distal tibial fractures was an easy and effective method for achievement of accurate alignment intra-operatively. Accurate alignment was successfully maintained until bone union.

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Plate Fixation in the Treatment of in the Distal Femur Fracture: Seong Jun Ahn, Suk Woong Kang, Bu Hwan Kim, Moo Ho Song, Seong Ho Yoo, Kwan Taek Oh; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):314-320. Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.314

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment through retrospective comparison of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) vs open plate fixation in the treatment of the distal femur fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-one patients with distal femur fractures from January 2002 to December 2010 were divided into two groups depending on the surgical method. Minimum follow up was 12 months. Group A consisted of 17 patients treated with MIPPO, and group B was comprised of 14 patients treated with open plate fixation. Clinical outcomes including operation time, transfusion rate, rehabilitation, range of motion, and interval change of postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated to assess postoperative inflammatory reaction, postoperative complications and clinical results with the use of Sanders criteria.
RESULTS
The operative time was 86/135 min and transfusion volume was 0.8/1.9 unit respectively. The postoperative 3-day and 7-day CRP were 7.4/1.5 mg% in group A and 10.3/2.4 mg% in group B, showing more minimal tissue injury and early recovery in group A. There were no significant differences in clinical results by Sanders criteria in both groups.
CONCLUSION
Both MIPPO and open plate fixation for the treatment of distal femur fractures showed comparably good results. However, the MIPPO technique is superior to group B in view of minimal tissue injury and operation time and was proven to lessen the transfusion rate.

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Usefulness of Reduction and Internal Fixation Using a 2.4 mm Hand Plating System in Type AO 33-A3 Distal Femur Fracture: Technical Note
Bong-Ju Lee, Ja-Yeong Yoon, Seungha Woo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2023; 36(1): 25. CrossRef

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Functional Outcomes of Percutaneous K-Wire Fixation for Distal Radius Fractures with or without Osteoporosis: Ki Chan An, Gyu Min Kong, Jang Seok Choi, Hi Chul Gwak, Joo Yong Kim, Sung Yub Jin; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(4):248-253. Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.4.248

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To determine the influence of osteoporosis on the results of percutaneous K-wire fixation for distal radius fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between March 2007 and February 2011, Fifty seven patients who underwent fixative surgery with K-wires after closed reduction and those available for follow-up for at least 6 months were reviewed. They were divided into the two groups of T score -3 or more (group 1) and T score less than -3 (group 2). These groups were compared by the range of motion of the wrist and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Radiologic evaluations consisting of radial length, radial inclination and volar tilt were compared. In group 1 with 34 cases, the average age was 65.4 years (50 to 78 years) and T score was -1.97 (-0.1 to -2.93). In group 2 with 23 cases, the average age was 74 years (54 to 89 years) and T score was -4.11 (-3.1 to -6.97).
RESULTS
There was no statistical difference between group 1 and group 2 in terms of range of motion, DASH score and radiologic evaluations.
CONCLUSION
In the case of no volar side cortical comminution, percutaneous K-wire fixation can be applied for the treatment of distal radius fracture with osteoporosis.

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Efficacy of Percutaneous Cerclage Wiring in Intramedullary Nailing of Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Technical Note: Ki Chul Park, Hee Soo Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(3):212-216. Published online July 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.3.212

Abstract PDF

The subtrochanteric fractures of femur have high rates of delayed union or nonunion due to less-dense cancellous bone, insufficient cortical blood flow and high stress concentration. Anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation are important in this region; however, an open reduction might damage the biological environment at the fracture site as well as increase the risk of nonunion. We present our experience with nine cases of subtrochanteric femur fractures surgically fixated with intramedullary nailing after percutaneous cerclage wiring through minimal incision.

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The stabilising effect by a novel cable cerclage configuration in long cephalomedullary nailing of subtrochanteric fractures with a posteromedial wedge
Pavel Mukherjee, Jan Egil Brattgjerd, Sanyalak Niratisairak, Jan Rune Nilssen, Knut Strømsøe, Harald Steen
Clinical Biomechanics.2019; 68: 1. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Time to Bony Union of Femoral Subtrochanteric Fractures Treated with Intramedullary Devices
Jung-Yoon Choi, Yerl-Bo Sung, Jin-Hee Yoo, Sung-Jae Chung
Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(2): 107. CrossRef

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Treatment of Unstable Sacral Fractures Related to Spino-Pelvic Dissociations: Hong Sik Kim, Jung Hwan Lee, Ki Chul Park, Ye Soo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(3):178-183. Published online July 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.3.178

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment modality in unstable sacral fractures combined with spinal and pelvic ring injury depending on the presence of spino-pelvic dissociations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The subjects were 16 patients, with unstable sacral fractures combined with spinal and pelvic ring injuries, were operated from July 2004 to January 2011. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence of spino-pelvic dissociations: those with dissociations were group 1, and those without dissociations were group 2. Group 1 was treated with spino-pelvic fixations using iliac screw, while group 2 was treated with percutaneous iliosacral screw fixations. The availability of the radiological bony union with its application periods, and clinical results using visual analogue scale (VAS) and oswestry disability index (ODI) were evaluated, retrospectively.
RESULTS
Out of 16 patients, 8 patients in group 1 were treated with spino-pelvic fixation using iliac screw, and 8 patients in group 2 were treated with percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. The mean bony union period was 17.4 weeks in group 1, and 19.6 weeks in group 2. The Mean VAS and ODI scores on the last follow-up were 2.5 points and 15.6 points in group 1, 2 points and 18.8 points in group 2, respectively. Both groups had favorable clinical results at the last follow-up.
CONCLUSION
For surgical treatments of unstable sacral fractures, spino-pelvic fixation using iliac screws is advised for cases with combined spino-pelvic dissociation, while percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is advised for cases without combined dissociation.

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Integrative Korean Medicine Treatment for Sacral Fracture: Two Clinical Cases
Yeon Soo Kang, Pil Je Park, So Jeong Kim, Hyun Jin Jang, Min Ju Kim, Hyeon Kyu Choi, Jeong Kyo Jeong, Ju Hyun Jeon, Young Il Kim
Journal of Acupuncture Research.2023; 40(3): 281. CrossRef
Spino-Pelvic Fixation in Unstable Sacral Fracture: A Case Report
Jung-Hwan Choi, Kyu-Tae Hwang, Seung Gun Lee, Chang-Nam Kang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(4): 145. CrossRef

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Treatment of 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture Using Percutaneous Transverse Fixation with K-Wires: Jae Hak Jung, Kwan Hee Lee, Yong Ju Kim, Woo Jin Lee, Sung Hyun Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):317-322. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.317

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiologic and clinical results of percutaneous transverse fixation with K-wires for 5th metacarpal neck fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between January 2007 and September 2010, 18 patients with a 5th metacarpal neck fracture, who underwent operative treatment, were included in this study. The surgical method was percutaneous transverse fixation using K-wires. We evaluated fracture angulation in oblique radiographs preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, and used SPSS to perform statistical analysis. We also performed clinical evaluation using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score.
RESULTS
All of the 18 cases were completely united, and in the oblique radiographs, the angulation was corrected from 50.69degrees to 11.68degrees. The average difference between postoperative and final follow-up angulations was 0.14degrees, which was statistically insignificant. Clinically, the DASH score was 1.030 and no complications were observed.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous transverse fixation using K-wires could be one of the best ways to treat a 5th metacarpal neck fracture because of its simple method and low rate of complications.

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Operative Treatment of Unstable Pelvic Ring Injury: Sang Hong Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Young Kwan Lee, Sung Won Cho, Sang Soo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):243-249. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.243

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the clinical and radiological results of the different fixation methods according to the type and displacement of unstable pelvic ring injuries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-three patients with unstable pelvic ring injuries from January 2005 to December 2009 were classified according to the AO/OTA classification system. When patients had been diagnosed with unstable pelvic ring injuries with partial instability, they were treated by anterior fixation with a plate and posterior percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. When patients had been diagnosed with unstable pelvic ring injuries with complete instability, they were treated by open reduction and anterior to posterior fixation with a plate through the ilioinguinal approach. The radiological results were evaluated using Matta and Saucedo's method, and the clinical results were evaluated using Rommens and Hessmann's method.
RESULTS
The outcomes from the radiological evaluation were that the displacement of the posterior pelvic ring were improved by about 6.65 mm in unstable pelvic ring injuries with partial instability. The displacement of the posterior pelvic ring were improved by about 7.8 mm in unstable pelvic ring injuries with complete instability. The clinical results were excellent in 13 cases and good in 6 cases on latest follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Good results can be achieved by selecting the treatment method according to the type of unstable pelvic ring injurie and displacement.

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Displacement of an anterior pelvic ring fracture after L5, S1, and iliac screw fixation: a case report
Euijin Cho, Joonghyuk Kim, Hyeongyu Lim, Kyeol Han, Yonghun Pee, Junhong Min, Il-Tae Jang, Jeesoo Jang
Journal of Korean Society of Geriatric Neurosurgery.2025; 21(1): 24. CrossRef
Functional outcomes in pelvic fractures and the factors affecting them– A short term, prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital
Subhajit Ghosh, Sameer Aggarwal, Prasoon Kumar, Vishal Kumar
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma.2019; 10(5): 896. CrossRef
Outcome of Surgical Treatment of AO Type C Pelvic Ring Injury
Do Hyeon Moon, Nam Ki Kim, Jun Sung Won, Jang Seok Choi, Dong Hyun Kim
Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(4): 269. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Humeral Proximal or Distal Shaft Fractures Using a 3.5/5.0 Metaphyseal Locking Plate
Hyoung Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Jung Il Lee, Dong Hyun Seo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 305. CrossRef

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Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture: Jae Sung Yoo, Hyun Woo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(2):117-122. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.2.117

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the clinical results of operative treatment of distal tibia fracture with locking compression plate fixation through a minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The subjects were 46 patients (conventional open surgery: 22 patients, minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis: 24 patients) with fracture of the distal tibia who were treated with plating between November 2006 and June 2010. The time of bony union, complications, range of motion, and clinical functional outcome (according to American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, AOFAS) were investigated.
RESULTS
In the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis group, the average union time was 14.3 weeks, postoperative range of motion was an average of 55.2, average AOFAS was 96.9, and incidence of complications was 20.8%. In the open surgery group, the average union time was 18.9 weeks, postoperative range of motion was an average of 49.1, average AOFAS was 83.8, and incidence of complications was 32.6%. There were statistically significant differences (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Surgical treatment with locking compression plate fixation through the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique showed favorable results regarding its union time, postoperative functional outcome, and incidence of complications. The locking compression plate fixation through minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis technique can be an effective treatment option.

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Fractures of Distal Tibia
Tae Hun Kim, So Hak Chung
Kosin Medical Journal.2014; 29(1): 23. CrossRef

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Surgical Techniques for Percutaneous Reduction by Towel Clips and Percutaneous Intramedullary Fixation with Steinmann Pins for Clavicle Shaft Fractures: Ki Do Hong, Jae Chun Sim, Sung Sik Ha, Tae Ho Kim, Jong Hyun Kim, Jong Seong Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(1):31-37. Published online January 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.1.31

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To report the clinical results of surgical treatment of clavicle shaft fracture by percutaneous reduction with towel clips and percutaneous intramedullary pin fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study reviewed the results of 80 cases of clavicle shaft fracture treated by percutaneous reduction with towel clips and percutaneous intramedullary pin fixation with Steinmann pins from January 2002 to August 2010, after follow-up for 12 months or more. We evaluated the clinical results, such as union time and complications.
RESULTS
Bone union was evident in all cases and the mean time for bone union to appear on radiological findings was 10.3 weeks. Using Kang's criteria, 78 of the 80 patients (97.5%) showed good results and there were no severe complications.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous reduction with towel clips and the percutaneous intramedullary pin fixation method showed good results for treating clavicle shaft fracture.

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Additional fixation using a metal plate with bioresorbable screws and wires for robinson type 2B clavicle fracture
Woo Jin shin, Young Woo Chung, Seon Do Kim, Ki-Yong An
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow.2020; 23(4): 205. CrossRef
A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis and Plate Fixation in the Treatment of Clavicle Midshaft Fracture
Seong-Ho Yoo, Suk-Woong Kang, Bu-Hwan Kim, Moo-Ho Song, Yeong-Joon Kim, Gyu-Taek Park, Chang-Hun Kwack
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2017; 52(1): 1. CrossRef

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Anatomically Percutaneous Wiring Reduction in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Fractures: Young Mo Kim, Chan Kang, Deuk Soo Hwang, Yong Bum Joo, Woo Yong Lee, Jung Mo Hwang; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(3):230-236. Published online July 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.3.230

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To report the method of anatomical reduction and its maintenance by percutaneous wiring reduction in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for distal tibial fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
17 cases that were diagnosed oblique, spiral or transverse fracture of distal tibia from August 2007 to February 2010 and were able to anatomically reduce by the method of percutanous wiring reduction in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis were included in this study. Mean age was 50, and mean follow up period was 18 months. We investigated the period until bone union was achieved, degree of angulation angle, and complications. For postoperative evaluation, Olerud and Molander ankle score and VAS pain score in daily living were checked.
RESULTS
The mean varus/valgus angulation after bone union on AP radiograph was 0.9 degrees and the mean anterior/posterior angulation on lateral radiograph was 2.0 degrees The mean Olerud and Molander ankle score was 89.4, and mean pain score due to walk adjacent to metal plate was 0 points.
CONCLUSION
By the method of percutaneous wiring reduction in distal tibial fracture, anatomical reduction is easily acquired, and only by wire itself, reduction could be maintained, so that without additional manual reduction, plate could be easily fixed.

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using a Lateral Plate in Distal Tibial Fracture: Oog Jin Shon, Dae Sung Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(1):42-49. Published online January 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.1.42

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) using a lateral plate (Zimmer, Periarticular Lateral Distal Tibial Plates, USA) in distal tibial fracture within 3 cm to plafond, associated with medial soft tissue damage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2005 to December 2007, 15 patients with distal tibial fracture treated by MIPPO technique using a lateral plate were analyzed. The duration of follow-up was more than 1 year. We evaluated union time by simple X-ray, clinical results by IOWA ankle rating system, and complication.
RESULTS
The bone union was achieved in all cases at average 16.7 weeks. Evaluation of the ankle function test showed an average of 90.3 points, resulting in satisfactory. At the last follow-up, there was no non-union, angular deformity more than 5 degrees or infection.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that MIPPO technique using a lateral plate is a efficient method for high functional recovery with good bone healing and low complication in distal tibial fracture within 3 cm to plafond, associated with medial soft tissue damage.

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Anatomically Percutaneous Wiring Reduction in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young-Mo Kim, Chan Kang, Deuk-Soo Hwang, Yong-Bum Joo, Woo-Yong Lee, Jung-Mo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(3): 230. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef

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Volar Percutaneous Cannulated Screw Fixation for Subacute Scaphoid Wasit Fracture: Jae Kwang Kim, Jong Oh Kim, Seung Yup Lee, Nam Hoon Do; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(2):104-109. Published online April 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.2.104

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To report the surgical results of volar percutaneous cannulated compression screw fixation in subacute scaphoid fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between January 2004 and January 2007, eight consecutive patients with subacute scaphoid waist fracture, who sought medical attention between 4 weeks to 6 months after injury, were included in this study. All patients were male of an average age 29.2 years (range, 19 to 44). Mean duration of injury was 10.3+/-4.1 weeks. An acutrak cannulated screw (Acumed, Hillsboro, OR) was introduced volarly under image intensifier guidance in all patients. We performed radiological evaluation preoperatively and postoperatively. And we performed 12 months postoperatively using grip strength, range of motion (ROM) of the wrist, Mayo Modified Wrist Score (MMWS) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and the Hand (DASH) score for functional evaluation.
RESULTS
Preoperative radiography showed minimal sclerosis line in three patients and a bone resorption around fracture sites in two patients. However, no patient had dorsal intercalated segment instability or more than 35 degrees of lateral intrascaphoid angle. Fractures united successfully at 11.6+/-2.1 weeks postoperatively without any requirement for a further procedure. At 12 months follow-up evaluations, ROM of the injured wrist was 93% of the uninjured wrist and grip strength of the injured wrist was 95% of the injured wrist. The mean MMWS was 93+/-6.6 and the mean DASH score was 4.8+/-1.2.
CONCLUSION
We believe that volar percutaneous cannulated screw fixation is a reliable method in case of subacute scaphoid waist fracture without scaphoid deformity or carpal instability.

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Surgical Outcome of Stable Scaphoid Nonunion without Bone Graft
Eun Sun Moon, Myung Sun Kim, Il Kyu Kong, Min Sun Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 69. CrossRef

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The Treatment of Posterolateral Malleolar Fractures using Percutaneous Reduction Technique: Jae Sung Lee, Han Jun Lee, Jae Hyun Yoo, Hee Chun Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(1):19-23. Published online January 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.1.19

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the usefullness of the percutaneous reduction technique with K-wire that could reduce the displaced posterolateral fracture fragment which persisted even after an anatomical reduction of the lateral malleolar fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2004 to December 2006, we reviewed 72 patients who underwent surgical treatment for their trimalleolar fractures. We estimated the clinical and radiological results of 5 cases treated by percutaneous reduction technique with K-wire when more than the distal tibial articular step-off was left after reduction of the lateral malleolar fracture. The method of reduction starts with temporary fixation of lateral malleolar fracture followed by checking ankle radiographic image to confirm the accuracy of reduction. In case of incomplete reduction of the posterior fragment, a K-wire is inserted into the posterior fragment and pushed downward to the ankle joint level, and then lag screws were inserted.
RESULTS
The average articular involvement by the posterolateral fracture fragment was 30.2%. The average step-off after reduction of the lateral malleolar fracture was 3.7 mm. At the final follow up, step-off was less than 2 mm in all cases. In clinical results by Baird and Jackson score, 3 out of 5 cases were excellent, other 2 were good.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous reduction technique for posterolateral fragment using the K-wire is relatively easy. This technique may be useful when the posterolateral fragment is large (more the 25% of articular surface) and not severely comminuted.

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Two-staged Delayed Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Open Fractures: Jung Hwan Yang, Seok Hyun Kweon, Jeung Woo Kim, Jin Young Park, Hyun Jun Kim, Chul Min Lim; J Korean Fract Soc 2008;21(1):24-30. Published online January 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.1.24

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcomes of distal tibial open fractures treated by two-staged delayed minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
25 cases of distal tibial open fractures were treated with temporary ring fixation and two-staged delayed MIPPO. A mean age was 46 years old, follow-up was 23 months. The type of fracture was evaluated using the AO/OTA classification. The type of open fracture was evaluated using the Gustilo-Anderson classification that revealed 6 cases of type I, 9 cases of type II, 8 cases of type IIIA and 2 cases of type IIIB. We analyzed the radiologic results and postoperative complications. The clinical and functional result were evaluated by using Teeny and Wiss scores.
RESULTS
The average time of bone union was 18 weeks in 24 cases. There were three delayed union that achieved union twenty weeks after second operation, and 1 case underwent bone graft with additional plate fixation. 6 cases of skin necrosis were treated with skin graft, 2 cases were treated with flap. The clinical and functional assessment showed that 6 cases were excellent, 16 cases were good, 2 cases were fair, and 1 case were poor results.
CONCLUSION
Two-staged MIPPO technique for distal tibia open fractures seems to be a good procedure to obtain bone union.

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Combined minimally invasive external and internal fixation in the treatment of pilon fractures
AhmedSh Rizk, MohamadS Singer, MohamadE Al-Ashhab
The Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal.2014; 49(3): 259. CrossRef
Staged Protocol in Treatment of Open Distal Tibia Fracture: Using Lateral MIPO
Oog Jin Sohn, Dong Hwa Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2011; 3(1): 69. CrossRef
Management of Open Fracture
Gu-Hee Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 236. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Tibial Fractures
Sung-Ki Park, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Won-Ju Jeong, Joo-Chul Ihn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 289. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures: Young Mo Kim, Jae Hoon Yang, Dong Kyu Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(4):315-322. Published online October 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.4.315

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical results of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis using a periarticular plate (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN, USA) for distal tibia fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
27 patients with distal tibia fractures were treated operatively by minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis. The patients were followed for at least 1 year. The duration for bone union, complications after the surgery, the amount of skin irritation at the site of plate insertion was evaluated using the VAS score and the Olerud and Molander ankle score. The average age of the patients was 56 years old (range, 30~81 years) with an average follow up period of 21 months (range, 12~30 months).
RESULTS
The average time from trauma to surgery was 6 days (range, 2~19 days). 10 cases showed an associated distal fibular fracture. The average time for bone fusion was 14 weeks (range, 8~40 weeks) with 1 case of angular deformity with more than 5 degrees. The amount of skin irritation due to the periarticular plate resulted in a VAS score of 2.2 points. Evaluation of the ankle function test showed an average of 90.2 points, resulting in satisfactory.
CONCLUSION
The periarticular plate used in minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for distal tibia fractures was concluded to give a firm fixation of the fracture site as bony fusion could be acquired without any callus formation, and few skin irritation due to plate has seem to be an advantage.

Citations

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Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef
Anatomically Percutaneous Wiring Reduction in Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young-Mo Kim, Chan Kang, Deuk-Soo Hwang, Yong-Bum Joo, Woo-Yong Lee, Jung-Mo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(3): 230. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using a Lateral Plate in Distal Tibial Fracture
Oog Jin Shon, Dae Sung Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 42. CrossRef

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Compatibility of Self-setting DBM-CP Composites in Percutaneous Kyphoplasty: Jung Hee Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(3):266-271. Published online July 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.3.266

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To analyze the physical properties of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) composite for its compatibility to percutaneous kyphoplasty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
According to tap volume method, DBM was mixed with CPC in variable ratio 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Distilled water was used as a hardening fluid. Its properties, including injectability, mold applicability, setting time and its behavior, maximum temperature, and mechanical strength, were analyzed.
RESULTS
The DBM-CP composites has a good injectability and mold applicability, a maximum temperature of less than 5oC, a initial setting time of 3 to 10 minutes. The outer surface of DBM-CP composites showed their even distribution in optical microscopy. Injectability, mold applicability and compressive strength were in inverse proportion to the amounts of DBM.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that the DBM-CP composites has a good injectability and mold applicability with a low setting temperature and even distribution of compound. Therefore this composite might be used as a substitute of PMMA in kyphoplasty.

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Fatal Hemothorax Following Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Case Report: Hee Gon Park, Joo Hong Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(2):202-205. Published online April 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.2.202

Abstract PDF: Overall, the percutaneous vertebroplasty has low complication rate. Nevertheless, severe complications can occur. The majority of these are related to cement leakage. The cement migration through perivertebral venous system can lead to fatal complication. We present a case of death by hemothorax due to cement leakage following percutaneous vertebroplasty with literature review.

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Comparison of Uniportal and Biportal Vertebroplasty in Bone Cement Distribution and Leakage: Jae Hyup Lee, Kang Sup Yoon, Seung Baik Kang, Hyunchul Jo, Sang Ki Lee, Bong Soon Chang, Choon Ki Lee, Ji Ho Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(4):471-476. Published online October 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.4.471

Abstract: PURPOSE
To evaluate the differences of radiological outcomes of uniportal and biportal vertebroplasty in the point of bone cement distribution and leakage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective study reviewing the period between May 2002 and January 2006 investigated 100 vertebrae which underwent vertebroplasty and followed for more than three months by uniportal approach (55 vertebrae, group 1) and biportal approach (45 vertebrae, group 2). The operative time, the amount of bone cement injected, anterior vertebral height restoration, kyphotic angle, bone cement distribution, and bone cement leakage were evaluated.
RESULTS
The amount of injected bone cement of group 1 (3.9 cc) was statistically smaller than that of group 2 (5.1 cc) (p=0.016). There were no significant differences in the operative time, anterior vertebral height restoration, kyphotic angle in both groups. The rate of bone cement distribution over 8 zones was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p=0.014). However, the rate of bone cement distribution over 7 zones and the rate of bone cement distributed on whole anterior vertebral body were not significantly different in both groups. The cement leakage was not also significantly different in both groups.
CONCLUSION
Although the amount of injected bone cement was smaller in uniportal vertebroplasty, the radiological results and cement leakage were similar to biportal vertebroplasty. These findings suggest that uniportal vertebroplasty can be the operative options in osteoporotic vertebral fracture.

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Treatment of Displaced Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus in Children: Soon Hyuck Lee, Sang Won Park, Woong Kyo Jeong, Dae Hee Lee, Soon Yong Yoo; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(4):460-465. Published online October 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.4.460

Abstract: PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes after operative treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures in children with lateral K-wire fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
69 displaced supracondylar fractures treated by closed reduction and percutaneous lateral K-wire fixation were included in this study. Carrying angle and range of motion were measured and graded by the Flynn criteria. To assess the accuracy of the reduction, Baumann angle and lateral humerocapital angles were compared to the contralateral side, and to evaluate the stability of fixation both measurements were taken immediately postoperatively and after K-wire removal.
RESULTS
55 cases (80%) were categorized as excellent and 12 cases (17%) as good. There were no significant statistical differences in Baumann angle and lateral humerocapital angle between postoperative and K-wire removal. Although there were 9 cases that showed differences in Baumann angle and 32 cases in lateral humerocapital angle of more than 10 degrees compared to the opposite side at the immediate postoperative radiograph, 9 cases showed satisfactory clinical results.
CONCLUSION
Closed reduction and lateral K-wire fixation is considered as an acceptable modality of the treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures in children, and clinical outcome is more closely correlated with carrying angle and stability of fracture site rather than rotational deformity or hyperextension of fragment measured radiographically.

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A Clinical Analysis of 260 Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fracture: Sang Hyuk Min, Myung Ho Kim, Hee Gon Park, Ho Dong Paik; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(3):357-362. Published online July 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.3.357

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate retrospectively the results regarding pain relief, complication after percutaneous vertebroplasty, for an osteoporotic compression fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
260 patients (male 55, female 260, mean age 69.4 years old) treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty in Dankook University Hospital from July 1997 to July 2004 were reviewed. We performed percutaneous vertebroplasty and observed the degree of pain relief using pain scale pre-/postoperation. we evaluate the complication by plain radiographs and computed tomography, ABGA and chest X-ray. we evaluate pain relief and complication for 1 week by follow-up plain radiographs. we recommended BMD follow-up per 1 year and osteoporosis medication at least 2 years. A clinical result was evaluated as excellent, good, fair, poor and visual analogue scale (VAS 0~10) for 1 year. We prefaced a statistical analysis by T-test using SPSS (version 11.0) correlating 1 week and 1 years effects.
RESULTS
73 (28.3%) of the patients were evaluated as excellent: 123 (45.5%), as good: 45 (17.8%), as fair; and 23 (8.5%), as poor, show 73.8% over good in 1 week. 76 (29.3%) of the patients were evaluated as excellent; 120 (44.3%), as good; 43 (16.8%), as fair; and 25 (9.6%), as poor in 1 year, show 73.6% over good result. 1 week follow-up and 1 year follow-up show similar results. 1 patient had death (hemothorax), 4 patients had arrhythmia, 15 patients (21 vertebrae) had fracture around vertebroplasty.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous vertebroplasty using PMMA is valuable method in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fracture, providing immediately pain relief, long term pain relief, prevention of complication originated from long term traction and bed rest, unwearing brace and early ambulation.

Citations

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Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
Large Pulmonary Embolus after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty - A Case Report -
Sang Ho Moon, Soo Won Lee, Byoung Ho Suh, Sung Hwan Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2009; 16(1): 46. CrossRef
Risk Factors of New Compression Fractures in Adjacent Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Myung-Ho Kim, Sang-Hyuk Min, Suk-Ha Jeon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 260. CrossRef

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Treatment of Osteoporotic Stable Burst Fracture with Percutaneous Vetebroplasty: Shin Kwon Choi, Kwang Yul Kim, Moon Sup Yim, Do Young Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(2):247-253. Published online April 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.2.247

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate the result of percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteorporotic stable burst fracture that has not neurologic symptom.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted in 37 vertebrae of 33 patinets with osteoporotic stable burst fracrure treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty from February 2000 to May 2003. Stable burst fracture was classified by McAfee. The operation was performed in the patient without neurologic symptom, BMD T-score was below -2.5 and hot uptake was seen in (99m)Tc bone scan. The operation was held from post-traumatic 7 to 32 days, average 17 days. Follow up period was from 5 months to 38 months, average 11 months. The result of the treatment was assesed by clinical finding (pain scale and work status by Denis) and radiologic findings (percentage height restored and change of kyphotic angle).
RESULTS
In clinical assessment, 27 had a satisfactory pain scale below the P3, 25 had a satisfactory work status below the W3. In the radiologic findings, percentage height restore was increased from 0% to 62%, average 23.3%. The preop. kyphotic angle was from -20 degree to 42 degree, average 8.9 degree. The postop. kyphotic angle was from -20 to 42 degree, average 6.5 degree. The kyphotic angle was decreased average 2.4 degree after operation.
CONCLUSION
Treatment of osteoporotic stable burst fracture with percutaneous vertebroplasty is the minimal invasive treatment that has satisfactory pain relief and reduction of fracture.

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Outcome Comparison between Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Conservative Treatment in Acute Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Hwa-Yeop Na, Young-Sang Lee, Tae-Hoon Park, Tae-Hwan Kim, Kang-Won Seo
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2014; 21(2): 70. CrossRef

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Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures Using the Percutaneous K-wire Reduction-Fixation and External Fixator: Sang Jin Cheon, Ja Gyung Ku, Dong Ho Lee, Hui Taek Kim, Jeung Tak Suh; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(2):228-235. Published online April 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.2.228

Abstract

PURPOSE
To analyse the results of treatment of unstable intra-articular distal radius fractures using the percutaneous K-wire reduction-fixation and external fixator.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective follow-up study of 22 cases was carried out. With use of the system of AO classification 9 cases were in C1 and 7 in C2, and 6 in C3. The average duration of follow-up for all fractures was 35 months. We evaluated the radiologic results, the functional results according to clinical evaluation scoring system by Green and O'Brien and osteoarthritis grade according to arthritic grading system by Knirk and Jupiter.
RESULTS
Excellent and good results were rated in 17 cases (77%) of all cases. At last follow-up the mean loss of radial length, radial inclination and volar tilt were 1.4 mm, 1.0o, and 1.4o respectively. Also 7 patients had grade I, 1 patient grade II, and 1 patient grade III arthritis.
CONCLUSION
We think that percutaneous K-wire reduction-fixation and external fixation is useful treatment method for the unstable intra-articular distal radius fracture. But severely comminuted AO type C3 fractures would need additional treatments such as open reduction and bone graft to acquire and maintain the articular reduction for better results.

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Management of Comminuted Intra-articular Fractures of the Distal Radius: Arthroscopically Assisted Reduction and Pin Fixation Supplemented with External Fixation
Jong-Pil Kim, Hyun-Jin Yu
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2009; 44(2): 233. CrossRef
Comparison of Outcomes for Unstable Distal Radius Intraarticular Fractures - T-locking Compression Plate versus External Fixator -
Chul-Hyun Cho, Su-Won Jung, Sung-Won Sohn, Chul Hyung Kang, Ki-Cheor Bae, Kyung-Jae Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 51. CrossRef
Volar T-Locking Compression Plate for Treatment of Unstable Distal Radius Fractures
Chul Hyun Cho, Ki Choer Bae, Doo Hyun Kwon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(3): 220. CrossRef

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Clinical Results after Percutaneous Surgical Treatment of Intra-articular Fracture of the Distal Radius: Jae Ryong Cha, Jung Hoei Ku, Hyung Lae Cho, Jin Wan Kim, Yoo Dae Kim, Young Il Park, Seong Hwak Hong; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):304-310. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.304

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of percutaneous surgical treatment of the intra-articular fractures of the distal radius, we have compared the results of percutaneous pinning and the combination of percutaneous pinning with external fixation after closed reduction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analysed the results of 52 patients with intra-articular fracture who received the operative treatment with closed reduction in the period of June, 1995 to June, 2001 and also were in regular follow-up at least one year. We used the subjective analysis by Cole & Obletz and the objective analysis by Scheck.
RESULTS
We have found the outcome that 83.3% of percutaneous pinning were graded above "Good" in type B and C1 and 82.2% of the combination treatment of percutaneous pinning with external fixation were graded above "Good" in type C2 and C3.
CONCLUSION
The percutaneous pinning and external fixator after closed reduction in intra-articular fractures of the distal radius are considered useful to restore the articular congruity and make good clinical results.

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Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fracture: More Than 1 Year Follow Up: Jaekwang Hwang, Chunghwan Kim, Joohyun Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(4):368-373. Published online October 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.4.368

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To assess the clinical and functional outcome of the patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement for the osteoporotic compression fracture and who had been followed up for minimum 1 year.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Among 110 patients who had been undergone percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement for osteoporotic compression fracture in Gangneung Asan Hospital from January 2001 to August 2002, 75 patients who had been followed up for more than 1 year were selected. And retrospectively, we analyzed the clinical and radiographic finding of 1 year, 2 year and 3 year follow-up. The patients were divided into 3 groups, the first group who have follow-up period of the from 1 to 2 years had 75 patients, the second group who the from 2 to 3 years, 49 patients, and the third group who the more than 3 years, 20 patients. We graded the clinical results to excellent, good, normal, fair and poor. Also, we assessed the height of vertebral body, the adjacent vertebral body fracture and the leakage of bone cement.
RESULTS
74 patients (98.6%) had the excellent or good results postoperatively. 69 patients (92%) of the first group, 46 patients (93.8%) of the second group and 16 patients (80%) of the third group had excellent or good results at last follow-up. There was no statistical correlation of each groups (p>0.05). In first group, the average height of body was 71.1% preoperatively, 73.5% postoperatively and 73.5% at follow-up. In second group, 71.5%, 75.5%, and 73.1%. In third group, 71.2%, 78.0% and 77.8%. There was no significant statistical correlation of each groups (p>0.05). 47cases (38.8%) had some leakage of cement immediate postoperatively. In 4 cases (7 vertebra), there were adjacent vertebral body fractures.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of our study, percutaneous vertebroplasty is a useful method in the treatment for the osteoporotic compression fracture of vertebra body.

Citations

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Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
The Diagnosis of Osteoporotic Occult Vertebral Fracture and Vertebroplasty
Seong Jun Ahn, Bu Hwan Kim, Moo Ho Song, Seong Ho Yoo, Yeong Joon Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(3): 208. CrossRef
Risk Factors of New Compression Fractures in Adjacent Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Myung-Ho Kim, Sang-Hyuk Min, Suk-Ha Jeon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 260. CrossRef
Compatibility of Self-setting DBM-CP Composites in Percutaneous Kyphoplasty
Jung Hee Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 266. CrossRef

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Intramedullary Fixation of Clavicle Fracture Percutaneously Reduced By Towel Clip: Ki Do Hong, Sung Sik Ha, Nam Sik Chung, Jae Cheon Sim, Gyoung Ho Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(4):328-332. Published online October 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.4.328

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To investigate the utility of surgical treatment of clavicle shaft fracture using a percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted for total 16 cases of patients who had no neurovascular injury and a few comminuted bone fragment among patients with clavicle shaft fracture from January 2002 to July 2003. The method of operation was percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation. The clinical and radiological results were evaluated.
RESULTS
Radiologically, 15 cases showed bone unions and the average time was 9.1 weeks. According to Kang's criteria clinically, there were 14 cases which were more than an excellence. One case substituted open reduction and nailing fixation due to a medial migration of K-wire and re- displacement of fracture even in 1 week. However, there wasn't any other major complication.
CONCLUSION
Due to its having no additional injury to soft tissues, no scar formations, and its short operation time, percutaneous towel clip reduction and intramedullary fixation will be very useful as one of the treatments of clavicular shaft fracture if it follows correct surgical indications.

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Comparison of Results in Two Operative Treatments for Clavicle Shaft Fractures in Adult: Comparison of Results between Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with the Plate and Percutaneous Reduction by Towel Clip and Intramedullary Fixation with Steinmann
Sung-Sik Ha, Jae-Chun Sim, Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Young Kim, Jung-Ho Kang, Kwang-Hee Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 233. CrossRef

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Stabilization of Proximal Tibial Fractures: Chang Wug Oh, Jong Keon Oh, In Ho Jeon, Hee Soo Kyung, Il Hyung Park, Joo Chul Ihn, Yeon Ki Woo, Ho Sung Jung; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(3):224-229. Published online July 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.3.224

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Despite of various treatment methods, proximal tibial fractures are common injuries that may be associated with poor outcomes and high rates of complications. To improve this, percutaneous plating technique was performed in the proximal tibial fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four proximal tibial fractures (AO 41A; 5, AO 41C; 12, AO 42; 7) were treated by percutaneous plating with either or both sides without bone graft. One was open fracture.
RESULTS
All fractures were healed. The average time for fracture healing was 16.5 weeks (range, 8~24 weeks). Complications included a 1cm shortened case and two mal-alignments; a 6 degree valgus case and 5 degree varus case. There was one case of superficial infection, which healed after plate removal. But, there was no deep infection. Results were evaluated by modified Rasmussen score system, all patients had excellent or good result.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive percutaneous plating technique can provide favorable results in the treatment of proximal tibial fractures.

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MINIMALLY INVASIVE OSTEOSYNTHESIS WITH PLATE OR NAIL FOR META-DIAPHYSEAL TIBIAL FRACTURES - WHAT IS BETTER?
B. Makelov
Trakia Journal of Sciences.2023; 21(4): 357. CrossRef
Medial Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in Proximal Tibial Comminuted Fractures
Jae-Ang Sim, Kwang-Hui Kim, Yong-Seuk Lee, Sang-Jin Lee, Beom-Koo Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 278. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Stabilization Using a Medial Locking Plate for Proximal Tibial Fractures - Technical Note -
Jae Ang Sim, Beom Koo Lee, Kwang Hui Kim, Yong Seuk Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 327. CrossRef
Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture
Jae-Sung Yoo, Hyun-Woo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(2): 117. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Proximal Tibial Shaft Fracture
Young-Soo Byun, Ki-Chul Park, Hyun-Jong Bong, Chang-Hoon Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 23. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for the Upper Extremity Fracture Using a Lumbar Spreader - Surgical Technique -
Gu-Hee Jung, Chyul-Hyun Cho, Jae-Do Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 83. CrossRef
Management of Fractures of Distal Tibia by Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis through an Anterior Approach
Gu-Hee Jung, Jae-Do Kim, Jae-Ho Jang, Sung-Keun Heo, Dong-won Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2010; 45(6): 473. CrossRef
The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Proximal and Distal Tibia Fracture
Joon Soon Kang, Seung Rim Park, Sang Rim Kim, Yong Geun Park, Jae Ho Jung, Sung Wook Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(2): 172. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Proximal Tibial Fracture
Joon-Woo Kim, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Hee-Soo Kyung, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Hee-Joon Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(1): 6. CrossRef
Proximal Tibia Fracture: Plating
Ki-Chul Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 206. CrossRef

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The Percutaneous Pinning of the Displaced Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus using Skin Traction: In Heon Park, Kyung Won Song, Sung Il Shin, Jin Young Lee, Seung Yong Lee, Won Seok Oh; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(2):65-69. Published online April 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.2.65

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new treatment method, which was using intraoperative skin traction and Steinmann(S)-pin for anatomically reduction by gentle manipulation to treat the displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus with percutaneous pinning.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Clinical analysis was performed on thirty displaced supracondylar fractures (Gartland type III) of the humerus patients with a minimal three month follow up, who were treated percutaneous pinning after reduction with by intraoperative skin traction and S-pin. Clinical results were analyzed according to the Flynn grading system.
RESULTS
According to the Flynn grading system, excellent results were obtained in 12 cases (43%), good in 14 case (47%), fair in 4 cases (10%), poor in 0 cases (0%) and we obtained all satisfactory results. There was one case which was reoperated for closed reduction and percutaneous pinning repeatedly due to reduction loss and no case with conversion to open reduction.
CONCLUSION
To avoid the forceful manipulation, gentle closed reduction and percutaneous pinning using intraoperative skin traction and S-pin especially for rotational correction in the displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus is considered to be useful method because showed satisfactory results.

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Treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children by a pin leverage technique
H.-Y. Lee, S.-J. Kim
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume.2007; 89-B(5): 646. CrossRef

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Vertebroplasty for the Treatment of Painful Osteoporotic Compression Fractures: Young Woo Kim, Ho Guen Chang, Kee Byoung Lee, Yong nam Ji, Yong Beom Lee, Jeong Mo Ku; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(1):49-54. Published online January 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.1.49

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate results regarding pain relief, spinal stabilization, and complication after treatment with percutaneous vertebroplasty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
108 patients (12 men, 96 women; aged 42~84 years) underwent 156 percutaneous injections of surgical cement into a vertebra (vertebroplasty) with fluoroscopic guidance in 119 procedures. All patients had severe pain,osteoporotic fractures and had failed medical therapy. Immediate and long-term pain response, spinal stability, and complications were evaluated. Assessment criteria were the changes over time (Days 3, 30, 90, 180) in visual analogue scale (VAS: 0~100 mm) and McGill-Melzack scoring system. The height of vertebral body was checked at three portions (anterior, middle, posterior) with lateral view of plain radiographs.
RESULTS
A statistically significant decrease of both VAS and McGill-Melzack scoring system was observed at Day 3. The results were also significant at Days 30, 90, and 180 both scales. We observed no adverse event, but 26 vertebral fractures had occured in the adjacent level during 12 months of follow-up. The leakage of cement was observed in 57 vertebral bodies (36.5%). But there was no neurological symptoms associated with cement leakage. The vertebral body height was increased after vertebroplasty.
CONCLUSION
Vertebroplasty is safe and effective, and have a useful role in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures that do not respond to conventional treatments. Continuous management of osteoporosis and patient education is mandantory to prevent subsequent fracture of the adjacent vertebral bodies.

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Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
The Factors that Affect the Deformity Correction of Vertebral Body during Kyphoplasty of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Young-Do Koh, Jong-Seok Yoon, Sung-Il Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 57. CrossRef
Compatibility of Self-setting DBM-CP Composites in Percutaneous Kyphoplasty
Jung Hee Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 266. CrossRef

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Surgical Treatment of Fractures of the Distal Radius in Patients Older Than 65 Years: Jeung Tak Suh, Dae Woong Kim, Chong Il Yoo; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(4):563-569. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.4.563

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the results of surgical treatment of the displaced distal radius fractures in elderly patients over 65 years old who were treated with percutaneous K-wire fixation only and percutaneous K-wire fixation with external fixation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We evaluated 24 cases of the distal radius fracture in patients older than 65 years from January 1998 to December 2001. The patients were followed up at least 12 months postoperatively. We compared the surgical results of 14 cases, treated with percutaneous K-wire fixation only with the surgical results of 10 cases, treated with percutaneous K-wire fixation with external fixation. We evaluated the functional results according to demerit point system and the radiographic results (radial length, radial inclination, volar tilt).
RESULTS
According to demerit point system, the mean score of demerit point was 9.9 in the group of percutaneous K-wire fixation and 5.3 in the group of percutaneous K-wire with external fixation respectively (p<0.05). In radiographic results, the percent of the mean loss of radial length, radial inclination and volar tilt were 23.2%, 12% and 41.7% in the group of percutaneous K-wire fixation and 11%, 5.9% and 27.4% in the group of percutaneous K-wire with external fixation respectively (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous K-wire with external fixation showed better functional and radiographic results than percutaneous K-wire fixation only for the treatment of the displaced distal radius fractures in elderly patients older than 65 years and percutaneous K-wire with external fixation is thought to be a one of the most effective treatment of the displaced distal radius fractures in elderly patients.

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Osteoporotic Distal Radius Fracture-conservative Treatment
Seok-Whan Song
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 81. CrossRef

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Complications after Vertebroplasty of Treatment for Compression Fracture with Osteoporosis: Hee Gon Park, Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Sung Chul Lee, Jin Young Park, Woo Yeon Hwang, Jin Woo An; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(4):534-540. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.4.534

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the complications of percutaneous vertebroplasty using PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Authors reviewed 113 patients treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty from 1998 to 2001. After treatment, Simple x-ray and computed tomography were done of methods for analysis of complication, especially bone cement leakage.
RESULTS
In each case, we injected bone cement (PMMA) in one vertebra, average amount is 5.6 cc. The complications were 39 cases (34.5%): 1 case was dead by hemothorax, 1 case was arrhythmia, 12 cases were intercostals neuralgia, 7 cases were back pain, 2 cases were mild dyspnea, 14 cases were abdominal pain and 2 case were injection site pain. In follow-up x-ray and CT, bone cement (PMMA) leakage were 45 cases (39.8%).
CONCLUSION
Bone cement (PMMA) leakage can be cause of complications in vertebroplasty. We try to avoid the complication of bone cement leakage.

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A Review of Korean Medicine Treatment for Managing the Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Observational Study
Min-Jin Cho, Jiyun Lee, Myeong-Jong Lee, Hojun Kim, Kyungsun Han
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2023; 33(4): 109. CrossRef
Clinical and radiological outcomes of denosumab and teriparatide treatment in elderly patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture without vertebroplasty
Joo Young Jung, Byoung Hun Lee, Jong Young Lee, Hong Jun Jeon, Byung Moon Cho, Su Yeon Kim, Se Hyuck Park
Journal of Korean Society of Geriatric Neurosurgery.2021; 17(2): 69. CrossRef
A Retrospective Clinical Survey of Vertebral Compression Fractures
Ji Hye Oh, Yun Kyu Lee, Jae Soo Kim, Hyun Jong Lee, Sung Chul Lim
Journal of Acupuncture Research.2018; 35(4): 219. CrossRef
Survival Analysis of Conservative Treatement in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture
Young Do Koh, Jong-Oh Kim, Rag Gyu Kim, Dae Youn Kim, Nam-Ki Kim, Dong Jun Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2012; 19(4): 138. CrossRef
Factor Analysis Affecting the Leakage of Bone Cement After Vertebroplasty
Jae-Hoon Kim, Kyung-Jin Song, Tai-Seung Kim, Jae-Lim Cho, Ye-Soo Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2010; 17(1): 13. CrossRef

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The Analysis of the Percutaneuos Pinning of Supracondylar Fractures in Children: SangMok Lee, SoHak Jung, JaeHo Jang, JungHwan Son, JaeDo Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(2):284-291. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.2.284

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Supracondylar fracture was known as supracondylar dilema because of complication and difficulty in treatment. Many methods were devised to prevent and minimize the complications. Among the treatment methods, closed reduction and percutaneous pinning was widely used for most of supracondylar fractures. But arguments was existed for the the pinning methods such as pinning site and number of pins.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 44 cases of displaced supracondylar fractures treated by closed reduction and percutaneous pining. The pins were removed about 4~5 weeks after operation and range of motion was begun. All cases was reviewed restropectively and results was analysed by Flynn grading system. The pinning method was analysed.
RESULTS
There were no significant clinical results among the methods of percutaneous pinnings. Even though two crossed pins from the lateral and medial condyles were preferable for most fractures. The results are that 1)At least 2 K-wires were needed. 2)Prognosis was not influenced by the pinning site. 3)The complication was prevented by accurate reduction using image intensifier during operation.
CONCLUSION
Two lateral parallel pins were alternative method for marked swelling and severely displaced fractures.

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Closed percutaneous K-wire stabilization for fractures of the proximal humerus: Dong Wha Lee, Kyoo Seok Shin, Jei Bum Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):566-572. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.566

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to analyze the result and complications of treatment using percutaneous K-wire stabilization for fractures of the proximal humerus. MATERIALS & METHOD: To be eligible for the study, total 12 patients of displaced two, three or four part fractures of the proximal humerus were treated, 10 females and 2 males with a mean age of 52 years (range 18-76 year). Reduction was obtained by longitudinal traction combined with posterior pressure on the humeral shaft. After reduction, minimum two 2.5mm terminal threaded pin or smooth tip K-wire was inserted.
RESULTS
Union rate of 83.3% was observed at an average 2.7 months. Range of motion of shoulder was 125 degrees of forward flexion, 114 degrees of abduction. Patients of 83.3% had good or excellent functional result. Four patients had a mild, superficial pin tract infection associated with loosening of the pin. The infections resolved with removal of pin and oral antibiotics. Valgus deformity was developed in a patient however the patient subsequently had a good functional result and nonunion were developed in two cases.
CONCLUSION
The technique of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning is quite demanding procedure, although it may appear to be deceptively simples. The good indications for the use of this procedure seems to patients with severe comminuted fractures, old age with osteoporosis. For the more rigid fixation, terminally threaded pins should be used, not smooth pin.

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Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Shaft Fracture: Jun Young Yang, Kwang Jin Rhee, June Kyue Lee, Deuk Soo Hwang, Hyun Dae Shin, Hyun Ho Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):286-291. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.286

Abstract PDF

INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis(MIPPO) was performed to treat distal tibial shaft fracture, and the results were compared to those of open plate fixation to find appropriate treatments MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patients who visited the Orthopedics Department at our hospital and were diagnosed with distal tibial shaft fracture, 12 cases that received MIPPO and 14 cases receiving open plate fixation were chosen for the study. The average age of patients were 57.8 and 50.8 years, and the male:female ratio was 1:1 in both cases. The average post-operative follow up period was 18 months and 19.5 months, and simple X-ray was done to evaluate the fracture healing.
RESULTS
The cases that received MIPPO, the operation time was 46.5 minutes and the average period of hospitalization was 25.3 days. There were no Nonunion, one case of delayed union, and one case of superficial infection. In the open plate fixation group, was 115.6 minutes and 48.3 days. Nonunion was in two cases, delayed union in two cases, superficial infection in one case, and deep infection in two cases. The nonunion cases were later given autogenous bone graft and fracture healing was attained.
CONCLUSION
By performing MIPPO quicker recovery of the patient can be made. Infection and nonunion, the most important complications due to operation, can be reduced. MIPPO thus seems to be the method leading to more close physiologic bone fusion in the treatment of distal tibial shaft fracture.

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The Comparison of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Plate Fixation in the Treatment of in the Distal Femur Fracture
Seong-Jun Ahn, Suk-Woong Kang, Bu-Hwan Kim, Moo-Ho Song, Seong-Ho Yoo, Kwan-Taek Oh
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 314. CrossRef

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Treatment of distal tibia metaphyseal fractures by percutaneous plate osteosynthesis: Chang Wug Oh, Joo Chul In, Seong Man Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):185-191. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.185

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and efficacy of the percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for the distal tibia metaphyseal fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one patients suffering from fractures of the distal tibial metaphysis, with or without minimally displaced extension into the ankle joint, were treated by percutaneous plate osteosynthesis with narrow LC-DCP. According to the AO/OTA classification, 17 fractures had no articular involvement (A1=8, A2=6, A3=3) while 4 included intraarticlar extension (C1=4).
RESULTS
At the final follow-ups(mean=20months), all the fractures healed without second procedures and the mean union time was 15.2 weeks. Only one patient had a malunion of rotational deformity due to inadequate prebending of plate, but there were no angular deformities over 5 degrees nor any shortenings of more than 1cm. There were no deep infections, nor any soft tissue compromise. Three patients had a partial limitation of ankle motion, but all the patients had excellent or satisfactory ankle function with mean OMA score of 89.1%.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous plate osteosynthesis is a safe and worthwhile method of managing distal tibia metaphyseal fracture while avoiding some of the complications associated with conventional open plating methods.

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Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Fixation in the Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fractures: Seung Ju Jeon, Hyung Ku Yoon, Ho Seung Jeon, Kye Nam Cho, Hyung Sam Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):173-180. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.173

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This is a retrospective study to analyze the functional results of closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of displaced unstable proximal humerus fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We report 23 patients, 20 with 2-part and 3 with 3-part proximal humerus fractures that can be reduced closed but remain unstable in which percutaneous fixation was performed. The fixation methods were multiple pinning in 10, multiple cannulated screw fixation in 8, Rush pin fixation in 3 and Rush pin combined with other methods in 2. The functional rusults were analyzed with Neer,scriteria.
RESULTS
The functional rusults were excellent in 14, satisfactory in 4 and unsatisfactory in 5. No significant difference was not noted in the long term follow-up results according to the fixation methods but Rush pin resulted in impingement and displacement of greater tuberosity.
CONCLUSION
Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation is a useful alternative to open reduction and internal fixation for the displaced 2-part or 3-part proximal humerus fractures that can be reduced closed but remain unstable.

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Vertebroplasty on osteoporotic compression fracture: Chunghwan Kim, Youngjoon Choi, Seungki Baek, Hyungsun Ahn, Jaekwang Hwang, Sujung Choi, Jaiwoo Cho, Kyeungjune Park, Hyeuntae Ahn; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):123-128. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.123

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
Percutaneous vertebroplasty is the procedure of bone cement injection and allogenous bone graft for pain relief in case of compression fracture, hemangioma etc. Recently, osteoporotic compression fracture increases as the old age increase. We analyzed the postoperative clinical symptoms and radiologic findings.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From Jan. 2000 to Apr. 2001, we have analyzed 111 osteoporotic compression fractures(59 patients) at Kangneung hospital. Before the procedure, we checked BMD, bone scan and CT. Most common fracture site was the thoracolumbar junction area. Fluoroscopic control was necessary for the cement injection to prevent cement leakage. The amount of cement injection was 4.7ml. We have studied the increase of vertebral body height, symptom recovery time & pain relief, postoperative complications.
RESULT
The vertebral body height was increased from 55.5% to 70.3% postoperatively and the symptom was improved in 48 persons at POD 1, 3 persons at postoperative 2 weeks, and 4 persons at postoperative 2 months. Most common complication was cement leakage to the epidural vessel, disc space, and spinal canal. But serious complication-spinal canal leakage- was only 1 case and had been improved after decompression.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement(PMMA) is effective treatment in osteoporotic compression fracture, especially in pain relief.

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Outcome Comparison between Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Conservative Treatment in Acute Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Hwa-Yeop Na, Young-Sang Lee, Tae-Hoon Park, Tae-Hwan Kim, Kang-Won Seo
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2014; 21(2): 70. CrossRef
Adjacent Vertebral Compression Fracture after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Chung-Hwan Kim, Jae-Kwang Hwang, Jun-Seok Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2013; 20(4): 163. CrossRef
The Diagnosis of Osteoporotic Occult Vertebral Fracture and Vertebroplasty
Seong Jun Ahn, Bu Hwan Kim, Moo Ho Song, Seong Ho Yoo, Yeong Joon Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(3): 208. CrossRef
Factor Analysis Affecting the Leakage of Bone Cement After Vertebroplasty
Jae-Hoon Kim, Kyung-Jin Song, Tai-Seung Kim, Jae-Lim Cho, Ye-Soo Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2010; 17(1): 13. CrossRef
Treatment of Combined Degenerative Lumbar Disease and Adjacent Vertebral Fracture
Jae-Lim Cho, IL-Hoon Sung, Seung-Wook Baek, Ye-Soo Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2008; 15(4): 236. CrossRef

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Treatment of Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus in Children: by Immediate Closed Reduction & Lateral Percutaneous K-Wire Fixation: Byung Woo Ahn, Chong Kwan Kim, Jeong Hwan Kim, Chae Ik Chung, Jae Kyu Park, Young O Kim, Jong Ho Yoon; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(4):753-761. Published online October 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.4.753

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To analyze children with displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus that were treated by immediate closed reduction and then maintained by lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
70 cases of supracondylar fractures of the humerus(5 type I, 19 type II, 46 type III) were treated, 14 fractures(5 type I, 7 type II, 2 type III) with cast, 49 fractures(12 type II, 37 type III) with lateral percutaneous pinning, 7 fractures(7 type III) with open reduction and internal fixation. The K-wire were removed after averaging 6.2 weeks of operation in out patient clinic. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 28 months, averaging 13 months.
RESULT
By Flynn's functional and cosmetic criteria, 47 fractures(95.9%) among 49 fractures, treated with immediate closed reduction and lateral percutaneous pinning, resulted in satisfactory criteria. Only one fracture was reoperated due to reduction loss.
CONCLUSION
Immediate closed reduction and lateral percutaneous K-wire fixation appears to be safe and reliable option for the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.

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Percutaneous K-wire fixation for Unstable Fracture of distal radius: Chol Yong Jung, Young Chan Son, Jun Bum Bae, Moon Do Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):996-1002. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.996

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical validity of the percutaneous K-wire fixation in applying to unstable extraarticular fracture of distal radius of patients who are older than 50 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The validity of K-wire fixation was examined, using subjective study of Cole and Oblelz and objective study of Scheck, on the 20 cases of unstable extraarticular fracture of distal radius of patients older than 50 years, who were treated with percutaneous K-wire fixation and followed up more than 1 year, out of 160 patients with distal radius fracture, treated in the department of orthopedic surgery of our hospital from January 1994 to August 1998.
RESULTS
The result was examined with subjective study of Cole and Oblelz and objective study of Scheck. Combined judgement was made by adding up the scores of both objective and subjective study. 5 excellent cases and 12 good cases were brought forth by subjective study. Objective study achieved the result of average 18 degree of radial angle, 9.8mm of radial length and 3.6 degree of volar angle. Combined judgement achieved a good result of 3 excellent cases, 14 good cases and 3 fair cases.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous K-wire fixation is expected to be a simple, less invasive, more effective and valuable operation method in the treatment of extraarticular fracture of distal radius with severe comminution

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Varus Stress Test and Percutaneous Fixation of the Lateral Condyle Fracture of the Humerus in Children: Sung Soo Kim, Sang Ki Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):1053-1060. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.1053

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The current study is planned to evaluate varus stress test and a result of percutaneous K-wire fixation in the minimally displaced lateral condyle fracture of humerus in children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We have analyzed seven patients of Jakob stage I or II lateral condylar fracture of the humerus clinically and radiologically who were managed with closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation from July 1996 to June 1999. Their ages at the time of injury ranged 2.5 to 11.7 years (average 6.3 years). We checked varus stress view for evaluating fracture stability and treatment plan.
RESULTS
The patients were followed up for average 13 months postoperatively and showed no differences in carrying angle, range of motion and physical activity compared with contralateral elbow. K-wires were removed average 6 weeks postoperatively. The fractures were united at average 5.9 weeks (5-9 weeks). There were minor complications ; one case of bony overgrowth, three cases of bony spur and one case of pin site infection. The treatment results according to Hardacre's assessment were excellent in all cases.
CONCLUSION
Varus stress view is necessary to evaluate the fracture stability and to make treatment plan in minimally displaced lateral condyle fracture, and closed reduction followed by percutaneous K-wire fixation can be used successfully in the cases of unstable Jakob stage I and reducible Jakob stage II.

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Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning in Displaced Surgical Neck Fracture of the Proximal Humerus: Ju Hong Lee, Gyu Hyung Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(2):406-413. Published online April 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.2.406

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
: to appreciate the effectiveness of th closed reduction and percutaneous pinning(CRPP) in reducible but unstable displaced surgical neck fracture of the humerus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
: reviewed 30 patients(19 cases in CRPP and 11 cases in ORIF) with at least 1 year follow-up, comparing clinical union time, elapse time for surgery and clinical results using UCLA end-result scoring system in two froups and determining prognostic factors in CRPP.
RESULTS
: Clinical union was seen 8.4 weeks in CRPP and 11.2 weeks in ORIF. The difference between two groups in the clinical results was not significant. Lower UCLA score in CRPP correlated with the increment in age(p<0.05), but not with sex and metaphyseal comminution. Elapse time for surgery was taken average 38minutes in CRPP and average 95 minutes in ORIF. The postoperative complications in CRPP were 1 in nonunion, 4 in stiffness and 4 in pin loosening, most of them were occurred in female over sixty. SUMMARY : CRPP is a useful alternative and may be primarily applicable method in respect of comparable results to ORIF, minimal soft tissue damage and shorter surgical time. However, in cases of female with sixty or more, ORIF would be preferred because of poor bone quality, less compliant, and frequent joint stiffness.

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The Additional Use of External Fixator after Percutaneous K-Wire Fixation for Intra-articular fractures of The Distal Radius: Chang Woo Kim, Ja Seong Gu, Gi Tae Jeong, Su Yeong Jeon, Tae Hoon Jeong, Jang Won Hur, Yeon Park; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(1):139-145. Published online January 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.1.139

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
: To evaluate the role of the additional external fixator in maintenance of reduction with was known as an important prognostic factor for the treatment of intra-articular distal radius frctures. MATERIAL AND METHOD : Thirty cases of unstalbe intra-articular fractures of the distal radius, which were treated by operative method, were classified by Frykman's method and grouped in two(group A and B). The group A was treated by closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation and long arm cast immobilization. The group B was treated by treated by closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation with use of additional external fixator. The end results were evaluated by the Demerit Point Rating System(by Sarmiento) & radiologic evaluation(radiologic index : radial length, radial tilt, volar tilt) RESULTS : By the Demerit point rating system, excellent and good results were rated by 45.5% in group A and 75% in group B and poor results were found in 3 cases which were Frykman type VII or VIII in group A. Radiologically, radial length loss was rated by 11%, radial tilt loss by 10.8% and volar tilt loss by 47% in group A and 3.1%, 6.8%, 29% each in group B(p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
: We think that additional use of external fixator, after percutaneous K-wire fixation, may have an important role in maintenance of reduction and group prognosis for the treament of intra-articular distal radius fractures.

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Arthroscopic Reduction and Percutaneous Cannulated Screw Fixation for Longitudinal Fractures of Patella: Jung Han Yoo, Yung Khee Chung, Yong Wook Park, Jin Sub Kim, Deuk Soo Jun, Ho Jin Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(1):103-108. Published online January 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.1.103

Abstract PDF: A variety of surgical modalities for fractures of patella have been described. We used arthroscopic reduction and percutaneous screw fixation for six cases of longitudinal fracture of patella. Ages of the patients ranged from 25 to 33 years. the postoperative regimen was one week long leg splint for reducing the pain, followed by continuous passive range of motion exercise of the knee including active one and quadriceps strengthening exercise until the full range of motion was gained, with progressive partial to full weight bearing with crutches. The follow-up period was from 12 to 54 monhts. Results were assessed subjectively and objectively with retrograde study. The full range of knee motion was recovered from 20 to 35 days postoperatively, The radiographic bone union was achieved from 31 to 42 days. And all patient had good results according to Lysholm and Gillquist scoring system. We had no experience of complication except one which is prominence of screw end. So, we believed that the arthroscopic reduction and percutaneous cannulated screw fixation for longitudinal fractures of patella is the useful surgical method.

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Ulnar nerve palsy After Percutaneous Pinning in Childrens Supracondylar fracture: Tai Seung Kim, Jay Rim Choi, Kuhn Sung Whang; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(3):674-678. Published online July 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.3.674

Abstract PDF: Many authors have described percutaneous pinning techniques as the treatment of choice for most supracondylar fractures. But little information is available concerning ulnar nerve injury resulting from pinning techniques. When the surgeon is faced with a postoperative ulnar nerve palsy, it can be the result of unrecognized preoperative palsy, manipulation during surgery, or damage to the nerve by one of the medial pin placements. The options for management include exploration, medial pin removal, or observation. We reviewed our hospital records on the 132 supracondylar elbow fractures that we treated in children from 1991 to 1998 There were 16 palsies found with normal preoperative and abnormal postoperative ulnar nerve function. Normal nerve function returned without exploration and early medial pin removal in all cases. We recommand that observation is the appropriate way to manage these postoperative ulnar nerve palsies in most cases.

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