PURPOSE To analyze the clinical and radiological results of the different fixation methods according to the type and displacement of unstable pelvic ring injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with unstable pelvic ring injuries from January 2005 to December 2009 were classified according to the AO/OTA classification system. When patients had been diagnosed with unstable pelvic ring injuries with partial instability, they were treated by anterior fixation with a plate and posterior percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. When patients had been diagnosed with unstable pelvic ring injuries with complete instability, they were treated by open reduction and anterior to posterior fixation with a plate through the ilioinguinal approach. The radiological results were evaluated using Matta and Saucedo's method, and the clinical results were evaluated using Rommens and Hessmann's method. RESULTS The outcomes from the radiological evaluation were that the displacement of the posterior pelvic ring were improved by about 6.65 mm in unstable pelvic ring injuries with partial instability. The displacement of the posterior pelvic ring were improved by about 7.8 mm in unstable pelvic ring injuries with complete instability. The clinical results were excellent in 13 cases and good in 6 cases on latest follow-up. CONCLUSION Good results can be achieved by selecting the treatment method according to the type of unstable pelvic ring injurie and displacement.
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Functional outcomes in pelvic fractures and the factors affecting them– A short term, prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital Subhajit Ghosh, Sameer Aggarwal, Prasoon Kumar, Vishal Kumar Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma.2019; 10(5): 896. CrossRef
Outcome of Surgical Treatment of AO Type C Pelvic Ring Injury Do Hyeon Moon, Nam Ki Kim, Jun Sung Won, Jang Seok Choi, Dong Hyun Kim Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(4): 269. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Humeral Proximal or Distal Shaft Fractures Using a 3.5/5.0 Metaphyseal Locking Plate Hyoung Keun Oh, Suk Kyu Choo, Jung Il Lee, Dong Hyun Seo Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 305. CrossRef
PURPOSE To evaluate the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in trauma patients with pelvic or acetabular fracture and determine high risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients who had a pelvic or acetabular fracture were enrolled between March 2011 and February 2012. All patients had mechanical and chemical prophylaxis and underwent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) computed tomography around 2 weeks after injury for evaluation of VTE. The relationships between VTE and each of sex, age, body mass index, injury severity score, intensive care unit stay, transfusion, operation time, coagulopathy, and associated injury were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 8 patients developed VTE (34.8%), of which 5 had DVT, 2 had pulmonary embolism (PE), and one had both DVT and PE. The group with a VTE risk score of 14 or more had a significantly higher incidence of VTE. CONCLUSION Careful attention is needed in management of patients with pelvic or acetabular fracture.
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Knowledge, Health Belief, and Preventive Behavioral Intention related to Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) of the Patients with Lower Limb Musculoskeletal System Disorders Hye Jin Yang, Hee-Young Kang The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2013; 19(4): 531. CrossRef
PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the results of treating intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed PFNA on 41 intertrochanteric femur fracture patients from May 2008, to August 2010. We analyzed the operation time, blood loss, recovery of ambulatory function, T-score, the tip apex distance (TAD), the sliding distance of the blade, neck-shaft angle, and complications. RESULTS The mean operation time was 51 minutes and the mean amount of blood loss was 350 ml. The time to ambulation averaged 7.2 days. Thirty-two cases (79%) recovered their previous walking status at 6 months after operation. The average T-score was 3.3 and TAD was 12.3 mm (8.6~27 mm). 35 cases (87%) achieved acceptable reduction. The average amount of PFNA blade sliding was 3.3 mm. The neck-shaft angle was changed 2.6 degrees varus displacement at the final follow-up. There was one case of nonunion due to tuberculosis infection. CONCLUSION The findings from this study indicate that PFNA is a useful and reliable choice for the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur.
PURPOSE To analyze the causes of internal fixation failure in elderly intertrochanteric femoral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 93 intertrochanteric femoral fractures that were treated by internal fixation. The follow-up period was at least 24 months. The mean age was 73 years. We analyzed the classification of the fracture, screw position, reduction state of the fracture, and neck-shaft angle. RESULTS Internal fixation failure occurred in 12 cases (12.9%). The causes of internal fixation failure were one case (1.0%) of head perforation, 7 cases (7.5%) of excessive slippage of a screw, and 4 cases (4.3%) of varus deformity. Significant factors infixation failure were displacement of the posterolateral fragment more than 8 mm in anteroposterior radiograph, anterior displacement of a fragment, or more than 20-degree angulation in lateral radiography. Thirty-three cases had a screw in the middle position and 4 of these cases (12.1%) had fixation failure. Notably, 14 cases had a screw in the posteromedial position and 6 of these cases had fixation failure (42.8%). CONCLUSION Accurate reduction of the posteromedial fragment is essential in unstable intertrochanteric fracture and anterior displacement or angulation should be avoided to prevent fixation failure. The tip apex distance of the screw and central location of the screw in the femoral head is also an important factor.
PURPOSE To compare results of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using a locking compression plate and a periarticular locking plate in distal femur fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 31 consecutive femoral fractures who treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis from April 2006 to May 2009. Sixteen patients were treated using a locking compression plate (group A) and 15 patients were treated using a periarticular locking plate (group B). RESULTS The mean operation time was 78 minutes and 76 minutes (p=0.273), and the mean radiation exposure time was 1.9 minutes and 2.3 minutes (p=0.001) in the group A and B, respectively. The plate bending during operation was performed in 4 cases of group A. The knee range of motion was 117.5degrees and 118.2degrees (p=0.825), and the Lysholm score was 81.3 and 81.8 (p=0.723) in the group A and B, respectively. Schazker criteria showed more than good grade in 93.8% of group A and in 93.3% of group B (p=1.0). CONCLUSION No significant differences in clinical results were observed between the two groups. However, a lower anatomical compliance was showed in the locking compression plate, and a higher risk of radiation exposure was showed in the periarticular locking plate.
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The Mid-Term Result after Osteosynthesis of Intra-Articular Fractures of Distal Femur Sam Guk Park, Jeong Jae Moon, Oog Jin Shon Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(4): 242. CrossRef
PURPOSE To compare the clinical outcomes of floating knee according to the presence of knee joint injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between March 2004 and March 2009, we investigated 36 patients, who underwent surgical treatment for floating knee injuries. We classified the floating knee into two groups as type I (12 cases) has no knee joint injury and type II (24 cases) has knee joint injury. We compared two groups about combined injury (orthopedics or other part), open fracture or not, neurovascular injury,union time, range of motion, and complication rate. RESULTS There is statistically no significant difference between two groups as type I (6 cases, 50%) and type II (13 cases, 54.2%) in orthopedic combined injury (p=0.813), and also same as type I (3 cases, 25%) and type II (12 cases, 50%) in combined injury on the other department (p=0.151), and in floating knee with open fracture as 4 type I (33%) and 12 type II (50%) of 16 cases (44%), and Gustilo-Anderson 3 type I, 4 type II, 1 IIIA, 4 IIIB, and 4 IIIC (p=0.423). There is statistically no significant difference between two groups in neurovascular injury as 1 type I (8.3%), and 3 type II (12.5%) (p=0.708). There is a statistically significant difference between two groups in the mean bone union time as 18.2+/-5.37 weeks (12~24 weeks) for type I and 24.95+/-9.85 weeks (16~33 weeks) for type II (p=0.045), and in the mean range of knee joint motion as 133+/-12.74 degree (120~150 degree) for type I and 105+/-19.00 degree (80~135 degree) for type II (p=0.012). CONCLUSION Floating knee with knee joint injury is severe itself and related with severe combined injuries, subsequent range of knee joint motion limitation, the delay of union time, and high complication rate. Therefore, we should take care in surgical treatment for this trauma entity.
PURPOSE To compare and analyze length change of patella tendon after intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fracture using transtendinous approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two cases were analyzed from December, 1999 to December, 2005. Insall Salvati ratios were estimated. Severity of initial trauma, duration of nail retension, knee function and pain on change of length of patellar tendon was evaluated. RESULTS Mean duration of nail retention was twenty-two months. The shortening of patella tendon was observed in 25 cases (p<0.001). The effect of AO type and the duration of nail retension on the decrease of Insall Salvati ratio was not significant (p>0.05, p=0.778). Lysholom score decrease to 89.5. There was no significant difference between the shortening of patellar tendon length and knee pain (p=0.058). CONCLUSION After intramedullary nailing for closed tibia fracture, shortening of patellar tendon length is observed. That is irrelevant to the fracture type and the duration of nail retension. The shortening of patella tendon length may contribute to decreasing of knee function, but it was no significance of knee pain after intramedullary nailing.
PURPOSE This study was conducted to evaluate the results of intramedullary nail fixation with autogenous iliac bone graft for defects of bone after tibial fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with bone defects in tibial fractures who had been treated with intramedullary nail fixation with autogenous iliac bone graft between May 2005 and September 2008 with more than 12 month follow-up were subject to study. Of the 10 patients, 8 were male and 2 were female, and the mean age was 50.2 years (29~76 years). By cause of accident, motor vehicle accidents caused 9 cases, a crush caused 1 case, and the average follow-up period was 21.9 months (12~42 months). Radiologically, we analyzed the union of the bone defect on simple x-ray and clinical evaluation was performed using the estimate method of Mekhali. RESULTS This study reveals that there was radiological union in all 10 cases and the mean time to union was 8.4 months (5~18 months). By clinical evaluation according to Mekhali's estimate method, 9 patients had excellent outcomes and 1 patient had limitation of motion in the ankle joint rated as a fair clinical result. None of patients developed complications post-operatively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the intramedullary nail fixation with autogenous iliac bone graft can be a useful operative method because it can remove external fixators early and reduce complications, and autogenous bones have exceptional osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and bone-forming ability resulting in excellent union of bones.
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on fracture healing in elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the radiologic results in 14 patients. Group I (n=7) was administrated intermittent PTH after surgical treatment and group II (n=7) was treated only with surgery. We checked the time of initial callus formation, bridging callus formation, and bone union through periodic follow-up radiographs by a radiologist who did not know the patient's information. RESULTS The mean time to initial callus formation was 6 weeks for group I, compared with 6.7 weeks for group II. The mean time to bridging callus formation was 15.9 weeks for group I, compared with 23.0 weeks for group II. The mean time to bone union was 28.7 weeks for group I, compared with 41.9 weeks for group II. The difference in the cumulative detection rate (CDR) of the initial callus formation of group I and II was not statistically significant (p=0.793). However, the CDR of the bridging callus formation and bone union for group I were higher than those of group II (p=0.008, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The intermittent PTH administration after surgical treatment and maximum possible preservation of the periosteum in elderly patients accelerates fracture healing.
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PURPOSE To report the treatment results of anatomical reduction of all fracture fragments and internal fixation using an inter-fragmentary screw and plate in displaced mid-shaft clavicle fracture with comminution. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between June 2005 and August 2011, 13 consecutive displaced clavicle fractures with comminution (Edinburgh classification IIB2) treated by anatomic reduction and internal fixation using inter-fragmentary screw and plate were retrospectively evaluated. There were 11 male and 2 female patients with a mean age of 37.4 years (15~55 years). The right clavicle was injured in 4 patients and the dominant arm was involved in 46%. The mean duration from trauma to surgery was 7.0 days. The cause of injury was a traffic accident in three, a fall in two, and sports activity or direct injury in eight patients. All of the fracture pieces were anatomically reduced and fixed with inter-fragmentary screws. An additional plate was applied to maintain and reinforce the reduction of the fracture. Radiographic assessments for the numbers of fragments and the amount of shortening and displacement were performed. To verify the fracture healing and determine the time from fracture surgery to union and complications, all of the radiographs taken after surgery were evaluated. RESULTS The number of fragments was 2 in 7 cases, 3 in 5 cases, and 6 in one case. The mean shortening of the clavicle was 1.1 cm (0.3~2.1 cm) and mean displacement between the main fragments was 2.6 cm (1.3~4.5 cm). The mean duration of follow-up was 16.5 months (8~26 months). Radiographic union was achieved in all patients with a mean time to union of 10.8 weeks (8~14 weeks). There were no complications including metal failure, nonunion, or infection. CONCLUSION Anatomical reduction of all the fracture fragments and fixation using inter-fragmentary screws in addition to the usual plate fixation showed good fracture healing in displaced clavicle fracture with comminution.
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Use of Composite Wiring on Surgical Treatments of Clavicle Shaft Fractures Kyung Chul Kim, In Hyeok Rhyou, Ji Ho Lee, Kee Baek Ahn, Sung Chul Moon Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(3): 185. CrossRef
PURPOSE Our study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological results of humerus proximal or distal shaft fractures treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using a 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of 17 patients with humeral proximal or distal shaft fractures who had undergone 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate osteosynthesis with a minimally invasive technique. We evaluated the results with respect to the anatomical reduction and union of the humerus shaft fracture through radiologic studies. We also evaluated the clinical results using the motion of shoulder and elbow functional outcome, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), and postoperative complications. RESULTS Complete union was achieved in all cases. The mean union time was 14.2 weeks. According to the functional outcome rated by the ASES score and MEPS, 15 cases were considered excellent and 2 cases were good. There were no cases of surgically-related complications like metal failure, loss of anatomical reduction, or postoperative nerve injuries. CONCLUSION Using a 5.0 metaphyseal locking plate for humerus shaft fracture has the limitation that difficulties can arise in achieving sufficient screw fixation for small bony fragments. The 3.5/5.0 metaphyseal locking plate used in MIPO for humerus 1/3 proximal or distal shaft fractures was concluded to give good clinical and radiologic results.
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PURPOSE This study is a retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone surgical treatment for non-union of distal humerus fracture. We evaluated them in terms of causes of injury, radiologic findings, and clinical outcomes such as prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven consecutive radiologic patients who were confirmed to have nonunion of a distal humerus fracture underwent reoperations. These patients had already undergone operations for distal humerus fractures. This survey was held from 2005 to 2010. The average period up to diagnosis of non-union after the first operation was 7.4 months (4 to 16 months). The mean follow-up period was 24.6 months (12 to 65 months). Each patient was graded functionally according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Score and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score. RESULTS Osteosynthesis was performed by internal fixation with plates and screws and then a bone graft for non-union of the distal humerus fracture. The average range of motion within the elbow joints was found to be a flexion contracture of 18.8 degrees (0~30 degrees) and further flexion of 120.2 degrees (102~140 degrees). Among postoperative complications, three cases of medium-degree stiffness, two cases of medial column nonunion, and one case of dissociation of the internal fixator were reported. CONCLUSION Stable internal fixation for maintenance reduction status is essential after accurate initial anatomical reduction. We concluded that nonunion could be prevented by additional surgical treatment such as autogenous bone graft, if it is necessary.
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PURPOSE To evaluate the radiologic and clinical results of percutaneous transverse fixation with K-wires for 5th metacarpal neck fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2007 and September 2010, 18 patients with a 5th metacarpal neck fracture, who underwent operative treatment, were included in this study. The surgical method was percutaneous transverse fixation using K-wires. We evaluated fracture angulation in oblique radiographs preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, and used SPSS to perform statistical analysis. We also performed clinical evaluation using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. RESULTS All of the 18 cases were completely united, and in the oblique radiographs, the angulation was corrected from 50.69degrees to 11.68degrees. The average difference between postoperative and final follow-up angulations was 0.14degrees, which was statistically insignificant. Clinically, the DASH score was 1.030 and no complications were observed. CONCLUSION Percutaneous transverse fixation using K-wires could be one of the best ways to treat a 5th metacarpal neck fracture because of its simple method and low rate of complications.
Stress fractures of the anterior tibial cortex are prone to complete fracture because these stress fractures occur on the tension side of the bone. Recently, surgical treatments are preferred in high-performance athletes requiring rapid return to sports. We report our experience of a case in which stress fracture of the anterior tibial cortex was treated using anterior tension band plating in a male athlete and successful bony union and rapid return to sports were achieved.
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A fracture of the humeral shaft can occur by direct or indirect injury. Most occur as a result of direct injury mechanisms such as falls from a height, direct blows, and traffic accidents. Recently, the population enjoying watersports for leisure is increasing and 'flyfish riding', in which passengers ride an inflatable raft drawn by a motorboat, may cause humeral shaft fracture as twisting and axial compression forces occur on the humeral shaft while boarding. Accordingly, the incidence of humeral shaft fracture is expected to increase as more people are expected to enjoy leisure sport activities such as 'flyfish riding'. We report 4 cases of humeral fracture that occurred during this activity in the year 2011.
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