Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

The Efficiency of Additional Fixation of the Alternative Bone Substitute in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures of Femur Treated with Gamma Nail: Jong Oh Kim, Young One Ko, Mi Hyun Song; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(1):1-6. Published online January 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.1.1

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficiency of additional fixation of the alternative bone substitute in unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with gamma nail and alternative bone substitute and only with gamma nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Radiologic comparison was done between forty-four patients of unstable intertrochanteric fracture (AO type A2.2, A2.3) during six months. The patients were divided into two groups, a group treated with gamma nail and alternative bone substitute (22 patients, group 1) and another group treated only with gamma nail (22 patients, group 2). Postoperative reduction status, Cleveland index, Tip-apex distance and complications during the follow-up period was compared. Lag screw slippage and femoral neck-shaft angle change were measured between two groups.
RESULTS
No significant difference of reduction status, Cleveland index and Tip-apex distance was found. In group II, there was a 1 more case of cutting-out of the lag screw, but also there was a significant difference. Lesser change in lag screw slippage and neck-shaft angle change was investigated.
CONCLUSION
As there are lesser lag screw slippage and neck-shaft angle change, alternative bone substitutes applied in unstable intertrochanteric fractures seems to be useful in maintaining reduction and preventing failure of internal fixation when proper reduction and screw insertion is performed.

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Treatment of the Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation: Comparison with Compression Hip Screw with Trochanteric Stabilizing Plate: Tae Ho Kim, Jong Oh Kim, Seung Yup Lee, Geon Ung Yun; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(4):353-359. Published online October 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.4.353

PURPOSE
To evaluate the effectiveness of Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA) for the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture comparing with Compression Hip Screw (CHS) with Trochanteric Stabilizing Plate (TSP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
With clinical study, 43 patients who were treated surgically for unstable intertrochanteric fractures were retrospectively evaluated. One group was treated with CHS and TSP (Group 1, 22 cases) and the other was treated with PFNA (Group 2, 21 cases). By postoperative radiograph and last follow up radiograph we measured Tip-apex distance, Cleveland index, Lag screw slippage, Neck-shaft angle change and Union time. And By retrospective medical record review, the clinical results were evaluated with the operation time, intraoperative estimated blood loss, amount of drainage, amount of transfusion, walking ability change and complication.
RESULTS
There was a lower operation time, intraoperative estimated blood loss, amount of drainage, amount of transfusion, lag screw slippage and neck shaft angle change in the Group 2 than in the Group 1 (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
PFNA showed better results than CHS with TSP in operation time, estimated blood loss, amount of drainage and transfusion, lag screw slippage and neck-shaft angle change.

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Results of Asian Type Gamma 3 Nail in Treatment of Trochanteric Fractures
Bing Zhe Huang, Yong Wook Park, Jin Su Park, Kyu Cheol Noh, Soung Yon Kim, Kook Jin Chung, Hong Kyun Kim, Hyong Nyun Kim, Yong Hyun Yoon, Ji Hyo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(3): 213. CrossRef
Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
Jae-Cheon Sim, Tae-Ho Kim, Ki-Do Hong, Sung-Sik Ha, Jong-Seong Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 37. CrossRef
Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Zimmer Natural Nail for the Treatment of Stable Intertrochanteric Fractures
Jee-Hoon Kim, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 305. CrossRef
A Comparison between Compression Hip Screw and Intramedullary Nail for the Treatment of AO/OTA A2.2 Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture
Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Jong Hyun Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 44. CrossRef
The Treatment of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
Jong Won Kim, Hyun Soo Park, Young Soo Jang, Jae Hyuk Choi, Sung Ju Bae, Chan Il Bae
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 257. CrossRef
Operative Treatment with Gamma 3 Nail in Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Tae-Ho Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyun Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 7. CrossRef

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Factors Predicting Complications after Internal Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures: Tae Ho Kim, Jong Oh Kim, Sung Sik Kang; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(2):79-84. Published online April 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.2.79

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the factors predicting complications after internal fixation using multiple cannulated screws in the patients with femoral neck fracture, the authors performed a comparative study of a success group and a failure group and reviewed the literature.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty-eight patients with intracapsular femoral neck fractures were treated by multiple pinning from January 2000 to July 2007 and followed up more than one year. Relationships between the complications such as failure of union, collapse of femoral head due to osteonecrosis of femoral head and several affecting factors including the degree of displacement by Garden stage, state of reduction, position of screws, patient's age, time interval from injury to operation, anatomical fracture site and two weeks postoperative (99m)Tc-MDP bone scan were analyzed.
RESULTS
Statistically significant factors were the degree of displacement by Garden stage (p<0.001), reduction state (p<0.001) and postoperative two weeks (99m)Tc-MDP bone scan (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
An accurate anatomical reduction is needed to decrease complications with multiple cannulated screws fixation of femoral neck fracture. Displacement of fracture by Garden stage and (99m)Tc-MDP bone scan are major factors predicting complications.

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Volar Percutaneous Cannulated Screw Fixation for Subacute Scaphoid Wasit Fracture: Jae Kwang Kim, Jong Oh Kim, Seung Yup Lee, Nam Hoon Do; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(2):104-109. Published online April 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.2.104

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To report the surgical results of volar percutaneous cannulated compression screw fixation in subacute scaphoid fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between January 2004 and January 2007, eight consecutive patients with subacute scaphoid waist fracture, who sought medical attention between 4 weeks to 6 months after injury, were included in this study. All patients were male of an average age 29.2 years (range, 19 to 44). Mean duration of injury was 10.3+/-4.1 weeks. An acutrak cannulated screw (Acumed, Hillsboro, OR) was introduced volarly under image intensifier guidance in all patients. We performed radiological evaluation preoperatively and postoperatively. And we performed 12 months postoperatively using grip strength, range of motion (ROM) of the wrist, Mayo Modified Wrist Score (MMWS) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and the Hand (DASH) score for functional evaluation.
RESULTS
Preoperative radiography showed minimal sclerosis line in three patients and a bone resorption around fracture sites in two patients. However, no patient had dorsal intercalated segment instability or more than 35 degrees of lateral intrascaphoid angle. Fractures united successfully at 11.6+/-2.1 weeks postoperatively without any requirement for a further procedure. At 12 months follow-up evaluations, ROM of the injured wrist was 93% of the uninjured wrist and grip strength of the injured wrist was 95% of the injured wrist. The mean MMWS was 93+/-6.6 and the mean DASH score was 4.8+/-1.2.
CONCLUSION
We believe that volar percutaneous cannulated screw fixation is a reliable method in case of subacute scaphoid waist fracture without scaphoid deformity or carpal instability.

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Surgical Outcome of Stable Scaphoid Nonunion without Bone Graft
Eun Sun Moon, Myung Sun Kim, Il Kyu Kong, Min Sun Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 69. CrossRef

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Clinical and Functional Result after Internal Fixation of Severely Displaced Floating Shoulder: Sang Hun Ko, Chang Hyuk Choe, Sung Do Cho, Jae Sung Seo, Jong Oh Kim, Jaedu Yu, Sang Jin Shin, In Ho Jeon, Kwang Hwan Jung, Jong Keun Woo, Ji Young Jeong, Gwon Jae No; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(1):46-50. Published online January 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.1.46

Abstract: PURPOSE
To evaluate the follow-up result of 11 cases that were operated with internal fixation of scapular neck and internal fixation of clavicle or acromioclavicular dislocation for severely displaced floating shoulder which was high energy injury and unstable.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We examined the scapular neck fracture with clavicle fracture or acromioclavicular joint dislocation by multidisciplinary research from August 1997 to July 2004. The scapular neck fractures were operated in the case of translational displacement of more than 25 mm and angular displacement of more than 45 degrees with 3.5 mm reconstruction plate fixation and internal fixation for clavicle fracture or acromioclavicular joint perpormed simultaneously. And we evaluated 11 cases that can be followed up for more than 9 months.
RESULTS
We achieved bony union in all cases. In ASES functional score, we got average 89.2 (75~95) points. In Rowe functional score, we got average 89.1 (75~100) points. In complication, there was external rotation weakness in 1 case.
CONCLUSION
In severely displaced floating shoulder due to high energy injury, we got good clinical and functional result after internal fixation for scapular neck and clavicle or acromioclavicular joint.

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Evaluation of Rotational Displacement of the Posterior Facet on the Sagittal Plane in Computed Tomographic Images of Calcaneal Fractures: Su Young Bae, Yi Kyoung Shin, Jong Oh Kim, Jung Hee Lee, Churl Woo Lee, Jae Hung Shin; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(2):165-169. Published online April 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.2.165

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To find out whether or not the computed tomographic (CT) classification systems of the calcaneal fracture are efficient in illuminating displaced posterior facet fragment and the degree of displacement can be evaluated by analyzing serial CT images.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy-seven hundred calcaneal fractures were classified by CT classification systems including Sanders classification, and the sagittal rotation angle of the posteior facet fragment was measured on the plain lateral radiograph. Among the serial axial CT images, a number of images with the cortical bone embedded in the cancellous portion were recorded and any significant relationship between each data were evaluated.
RESULTS
The conventional CT classification systems are rather insufficient in illuminating the extent of sagittal rotatory displacement. However, the number of CT images in which the cortical radiodensity was observed showed a significantly related with the degree of displacement.
CONCLUSION
The conventional CT classification of the calcaneal fractures is unsatisfactory in expressing the degree of sagittal rotatory displacement of the posterior facet fragment; this problem may be alleviated by observing the number of axial CT images in which cortical radiodensity was revealed within the calcaneal body.

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Tricortical-allobone Grafting in Screw Fixation for Intra-articular Calcaneal Fracture via Ollier Approach
Taejung Bang, Su-Young Bae, Seung Hun Woo, Hyung-Jin Chung
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2017; 21(1): 27. CrossRef
The Effect of Temporary K-wire Fixation in the Plate Fixation for Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fracture
Kiwon Young, Jin Su Kim, Jinseon Moon
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2014; 18(3): 119. CrossRef

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Inferior Subluxation of Humeral of Head after Surgery for Fracture of Proximal Humerus: Jun Gyu Moon, Hyok Woo Nam, Jong Oh Kim, Jong Kyoung Ha, Seok Bae Ryu; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(1):43-47. Published online January 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.1.43

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To study the development of inferior shoulder subluxation after surgery for proximal humerus fractures. To analyze the mechanism development of such subluxation and the association between different types of proximal humerus fractures, quality of reduction achieved the method of operation performed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 45 proximal humerus fractures that were treated by surgery between March 1997 and July 2002 was done. All patients had a minimum of 12 months of postoperative follow up. Preoperative radiographs were classified by the Neer's classification. Different operative treatment methods, post reduction alignment and the degree of postoperative subluxation if present, were analysed. In order to evaluate effect of loss of negative intraarticular pressure, we compared this series with 15 cases of recurrent shoulder dislocation treated by open Bankart operation.
RESULTS
13 patients out of 45 (29%) developed immediate postoperative inferior shoulder subluxation. 3-part fractures of the proximal humerus showed a higher incidence of the same than the 2-part types. The better reduced fractures had lesser rates of subluxation. Open reduction (39%, 11 patients) results in an increased incidence of inferior subluxation than closed methods of reduction (13%, 2 patients).
CONCLUSION
Inferior subluxation of the humeral head after surgery for the proximal humerus fracture can occur and persist till postoperative period of 2 months. Deltoid muscle tone affected by shortening of humeral neck plays an important role. Early active exercise for restoration deltoid tone may be effective in prevention of inferior subluxation.

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Transient postoperative inferior subluxation of the shoulder after surgical stabilization of recurrent anterior dislocation in a patient with myasthenia gravis: a case report
Samuel Baek, Geum-Ho Lee, Myung Ho Shin, Tae Min Kim, Kyung-Soo Oh, Seok Won Chung
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow.2023; 26(3): 302. CrossRef

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Loss of Fixation after Internal Fixation of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Compression Hip Screw: Jong Oh Kim, Sang Yeol Chang, Joon Gue Moon, Hoon Jeong, Woo Chul Jeong; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):334-339. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.334

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the factors which might affect the loss of fixation after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with compression hip screw.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From February 1996 to February 2001, seventy nine cases of intertrochanteric fracture which we operated with compression hip screw was reviewed with minimal follow up for 6 months. There were twelve cases of loss of fixation. The cases were analyzed according to each factors which we thought to affect the loss of fixation. The factors are fracture type by modified Evans classification, Singh index, placement of screw in femoral head, quality of reduction. Then we analyzed these factors with chi square test.
RESULTS
Difference between age group and sex were not thought to be statistically meaningful factors (p>0.05). There were difference of prevalence between two group divided by fracture stability (p<0.05). In cases of superior placement in femoral head, there were more loss of fixation. Displacement of cortex of proximal femur on radiologic AP view other than lateral view showed meaningful difference (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Age, sex, Singh index did not affect the loss of fixation. But, next factors as follows affected the loss of fixation; Superior placement of hip screw, unstable fracture pattern, displacement of fracture site more than 5 mm after surgical reduction on radiologic AP view.

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Fracture of Vertebral Body in Flexion-Distraction Injury of Thoracolumbar Spine: Young Do Koh, Jong Oh Kim, Yeo Hon Yun, Jae Doo Yoo, Jun Mo Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(2):262-269. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.2.262

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the configuration of vertebral body fractures in flexion-distraction injuries of thoracolumbar spine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We investigated the location of fractures, anterior or posterior vertebral body height, kyphotic angle of injured segments, canal encroachment and severity of comminution on radiologic examinations of 21 cases.
RESULTS
There were 11 compression fractures and 9 burst fractures. 85% of fractures were located in the inferior vertebrae of injured segments. Anterior vertebral height decreased by 27% on average with decrease of 18% in compression fractures and 40% in burst fractures. Posterior height decreased by 1% on average with increase of 1% in compression fractures and decrease of 4% in burst fractures. The average kyphotic angle of injured segments was 19.5 degrees with 15.4degrees in compression fractures and 26.8 degrees in burst fractures. The canal encroachment in 9 burst fractures was 27% on average, and the comminution of vertebral body was mild in 74%.
CONCLUSION
The fracture of vertebral body in flexion-distraction injuries of thoracolumbar spine was very common, and located on the inferior vertebrae of injured segment. The decrease of vertebral height, canal encroachment and severity of comminution was relatively less than the estimated from mechanism of injury, with offset effect of distraction force.

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Differences in Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures by Falls from Height with Associated Foot and Ankle Fractures
Chung-Shik Shin, Eea-Sub Chung, Chang-Eon Yu, Byeong-Yeol Choi
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2012; 19(2): 47. CrossRef

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Stability and Usefulness of Compression Hip Screw in the Treatment of Femur Intertrochanter Fracture in the Elderly: Jong Oh Kim, Kwon Jae Roh, Yeo Heon Yun, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Jun Mo Jung, Han Cheon Bang, Jae Hak Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(2):128-135. Published online April 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.2.128

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the relationship between fracture stability and functional results, and analyze the correlation between stability factors and the outcome in intertrochanteric fractures of the elderly.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of the 231 patients, 84 patients with age above 60 were able to follow up for minimum 6 months. We measured the sliding length of the lag screw, varus degree, position of lag screw, reduction status and medialization of distal fragment radiologically. The functional outcome of the treatment was evaluated with the Clawson's result classification and we evaluated the correlation between the radiological results of measurement and the functional recovery depending on the Evans fracture classification.
RESULTS
There were good results in 40 cases out of 51 stable fractures, and in 10 cases out of 33 unstable fractures (p<0.001). In case of sliding of lag screw more than 10 mm, good results were obtained in 4 cases, and poor in 21. And in case of sliding less than 10 mm, good results were obtained in 46, and poor in 13 (p<0.001). But there was no relationship between other radiologic factors and clinical results. In unstable type, there were 12 cases with lag screw sliding more than 10 mm and 10 cases with less than 10 mm. In comminuted type, there were 11 cases with lag screw sliding more than 10 mm and 2 cases with less than 10 mm (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
The sliding of lag screw more than 10 mm may result in poor outcome. As in comminuted unstable pattern, sliding of lag screw might be excessive, the use of compression hip screw alone is not a good treatment option.

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The Usefulness of Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Nonunion and Delayed Union: Yeo Heon Yun, Jong Oh Kim, Young Do Ko, Jae Doo Yoo, Jun Mo Jung, Jong Gun Oh, Han Chen Bang, Chang Ho Choi, Myeung cheol Shin; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(1):104-111. Published online January 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.1.104

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluation of usefulness of low-intensity ultrasound for nonunion and delayed union.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For 5 months, we treated 7 delayed union and 8 nonunion using low-intensity ultrasound. After 5 months, in checked X-ray AP and Lateral view, when cortical bridge formation was done, we through union.
RESULTS
In 7 delayed union, 5 cases-2 femur, tibia, humerus, radius were healed. In 8 nonunion, 3 femur nonunion were healed. Union rate was 71% in delayed union 37.5% in nonunion.
CONCLUSION
we thought that the low-intensity ultrasound has capacity of induction of union and was considered as the method of treatment for delayed union.

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Ideal Placement of the Herbert/Whipple Screw in Scaphoid Fracture: A Model Study: Jae Doo Yoo, Jong Oh Kim, Yeo Hon Yun, Young Do Koh, Su Young Bae, Jeong Joon Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):581-586. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.581

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate optimal placement of the Herbert/Whipple screw in scaphoid fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty eight models molded from four cadaver scaphoids were used for this study. Using the Herbert/Whipple jig, the guide wire was placed distal to proximal into each scaphoid with twelve method which were four entry points and three target points. Guide wire placement was then evaluated with three planes in the proximal, middle, distal planes and distance from the nearest cortex.
RESULTS
The most concentric position in the proximal plane was D5, in the middle plane C10. As distal entry point, the most concentric position in proximal plane was C. There were no statistical concentric, as middle, distal plane, and proximal entry point, CONCLUSION: The most ideal placement were D5 in proximal fractures of the scaphoid, C5 in distal fractures. In waist fractures of the scaphoid, there were relatively safe, except A0 and D0. The position of entry points was more important than that of target points for ideal screw placement.

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The Prefracture Factors on The Hip Fracture in Elderly: Jong Oh Kim, Yeo Hon Yoen, Young Do Ko, Jae Doo Yoo, Jun Mo Chung, Han Cheon Bang, Kyu Bok Kang; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):531-537. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.531

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We studied the co-relation on the causes of the hip fracture through the analysis of a relevance on the etiological factors as increased incidence according increasing old ages.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Total 158 cases that treated on the hip fracture from 2001 Jan. to 2002 May were studied. The parameters were age, gender, smoking, obesity, type of fracture, place of fracture, other comorbidity, activity of daily living, bone marrow densitometry, hardness of floor, orientation, injury energy. And then, we analysis of difference between femur neck fracture and femur intretrochanter fracture and between stable femur intertrochanter fracture and unstable femur intertrochanter fracture.
RESULTS
The incidence of the femoral intertrochanteric fracture was larger significantly than that of the femoral neck fracture in the older than 80(p < 0.001). On the comparison of the pre-fractural activity of daily living, the group revealed lower activity had larger incidence of femoral intertrochateric fracture(p < 0.001). Also, the femoral intertrochanteric fracture was more larger in osteoporosis patient group(p < 0.005), and lower energy trauma(P<0.05). In a unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture, 21 cases(77.7%) of total 27 cases were belong to the group of the activity of daily living scale below C(p < 0.05), 24 cases of 27 cases were belong to the osteoporosis patient who was estimated below -3.0 on T-score(p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
In the hip fracture of the elderly patients, the femoral intertrochanteric fracture is more prevalance rather than the femoral neck fracture on the cases of older patient more than 80 year-old, lower activity of daily living scale, lower T-score less than -3.0 on BMD, lower energy trauma. Also, in femur intertrochanter fracture, unstable fracture is more common in low daily activity and osteoporosis

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The Daily Life Functions of Elderly Peritrochanteric Fracture Patients after Surgical Treatment
Dae Moo Shim, Tae Kyun Kim, Jong Yun Kim, Duk Hwa Choi, Joung Suk Lee, Seong In Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 8. CrossRef
The Usefulness of Hip to Thigh Ratio as an Anthropometric Indicator for the Incidence of Hip Fracture
Jin Park, Kyu Hyun Yang, Seong Hwan Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(1): 1. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Two-Incision Total Hip Arthroplasty for Treating Acute Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Active Elderly Patients
Chang-Ich Hur, Taek-Rim Yoon, Kyung-Soon Park, Sang-Gwon Cho, Ji-Hyeon Yim
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2008; 43(5): 643. CrossRef

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Modified Tension Band Wiring using Cortical Screw for Displaced Medial Malleolar Fractures: Jong Oh Kim, Sang Hun Ko; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):459-464. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.459

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical results of minimal incision and modified tension band wiring using 3.5mm cortical screw in the treatment of ankle fracture including displaced medial malleolar fractures MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1997 to May 2001, 77 patients were treated by modified tension band wiring using minimal incision about 4cm for medial malleolar fracture.
RESULTS
According to Lauge-Hansen classification, there were 47 supination-external rotation type fractures (61%), 14 supination -adduction type fractures (18.2%), 10 pronation-external rotation type(12.9%), 6 pronation-abduction type fracture(7.8%). The average time to union was 12.5weeks. In the functional outcome (according to Meyer and Kumler), 71 patients(92%) showed excellent results.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that modified tension band wiring using cortical screw proved effective fixation method in the treatment of the displaced medial malleolar fracture. The merits of this procedure are minimal incision about 4cm and preservation of blood supply on suprafracture area due to not injuried periosteum, stable fixation and early range of motion of joint, simple procedure and reduced surgical time.

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Radiologic Evaluation for the Safe Zone of Percutaneous Iliosacral Screw Fixation: Jong Keon Oh, Su Young Bae, Jong Oh Kim, Kwon Jae Roh, Jeong Joon Lee, Sang Yeol Chang; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(3):336-341. Published online July 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.3.336

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the correlation of the safe zone of percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation with sacral dysmorphism and sacral alar slope variation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We studied the plain radiographs and the pelvic bone CT images of 52 patients. We reviewed each cases in terms of Routt 's dysmorphism and sacral alar slope variation(anterior, coplanar and posterior to inter-ICD line). We divided each cases into narrow and wide groups by the width of safe zone for the transverse 6.5mm cannulated cancellous screw. The data were analysed by McNemar x2-test and Cochran Q-test(p<0.05).
RESULTS
Typical sacral dysmorphism was found in five cases(9%). Four cases with dysmorphism(80%) and eighteen non-dysmorphic cases(38.2%) revealed narrow safe zones. The sacral slopes were anterior in 16 cases, coplanar in 25 cases, and posterior in 11 cases. The safe zone was significantly narrow in the group with anterior slope variation.
CONCLUSION
We could not found definite correlation between sacral dysmorphism and a narrow safe zone because the incidence of dysmorphism was too low in our study which differed from Routt 's report. An anterior sacral alar slope on CT can be a significant risk indicator for potential narrow safe zone and the risk of screw malposition.

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Measurement of Optimal Insertion Angle for Iliosacral Screw Fixation Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scans
Jung-Jae Kim, Chul-Young Jung, Jonathan G. Eastman, Hyoung-Keun Oh
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2016; 8(2): 133. CrossRef
Operative Treatment of Unstable Pelvic Ring Injury
Sang Hong Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Young Kwan Lee, Sung Won Cho, Sang Soo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 243. CrossRef
Upper Sacral Morphology Related to Iliosacral Screw Fixation in Korean
Jung-Jae Kim, Chul-Young Jung, Hyoung-Keun Oh, Byoung-Se Yang, Jae-Suck Chang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(2): 115. CrossRef

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Radiation Exposure from Fluoroscopy during Orthopaedic Surgical Procedures: Su Young Bae, Jong Oh Kim, Jae Doo Yoo, Seong Yong Yoon, Jin Won Jang; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(4):792-798. Published online October 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.4.792

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiation dose administered in orthopedic operative procedures and to determine whether all operation room personnel must use the lead protector.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From March 2001 to May 2001, sixty six orthopedic operations were done with fluoroscopic intensifier(Series 9600TM, OEC Medical Systems Inc.). The accumulative exposure doses of operator, 1st assist, scrub nurse, circulating nurse and anesthesiologist were assessed by TLD(Thermo luminescence dosimeter) and compared with the dose limit set by the KINS(Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety). The exposure times and doses were evaluated in each cases and analyzed according to the each procedure. The exposure doses were assessed by the distance (Om, 0.5m, 1m, 2m) from the fluoroscopic generator.
RESULTS
Accumulative exposure doses(3 months) were checked 1.37mSv in operator, 1.73mSv in 1st assist, 0.17mSv in scrub nurse, 1.01mSv in circulating nurse, 0.01mSv in anesthesiologists and all doses were lower than dose limit set by the KINS(12.5mSv). Low exposure was checked in procedure of hand, ankle, cervical spine but high exposure was checked in IM nailing of femur(one way Anova with postHoc test, p<0.05). The exposure doses were decreased with the distance and exposure dose out of 1m was minimal.
CONCLUSION
Radiation is higher in IM nailing procedure but the total accumulative doses were safe especially in personnel who can fall apart from the operation field more than lm. So, we conclude that the lead protector is not essential to the all operation room personnel.

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Radiation exposure and fluoroscopically-guided interventional procedures among orthopedic surgeons in South Korea
Seonghoon Kang, Eun Shil Cha, Ye Jin Bang, Teresa W. Na, Dalnim Lee, Sang Youn Song, Won Jin Lee
Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Treatment of Humeral Shaft Nonunion after Primary Internal Fixation: Jong Oh Kim, Yeo Hon Yun, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Ko, Jae Doo Yoo, Jin Won Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(2):236-244. Published online April 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.2.236

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the methods of treatment to obtain rigid fixation for nonunion of humerus shaft fractures developed after operative treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1993 to January 2000, twenty-one patients of nonunion of humerus shaft after primary internal fixation were reviewed and the results were analyzed. Three cases who have loss of follow-up were excluded.
RESULTS
In twenty-one cases, nineteen had union but, two cases have failed. In the group of compression plate fixation and bone graft, bone union was completed at mean 4.4 months, in the group of IM nailing and bone graft at 4.9 months, in case of bone graft only with state of IM nailing at 5.5 months. Mean time until bone union was 4.6 months.
CONCLUSION
Distraction should be avoided during IM nailing at primary internal fixation. Secondly, To obtain rigid fixation in nonunion of humerus shaft after primary internal fixation, use larger and more broad plate, dual plate or IM nail.

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Evaluation of Radiological Results After Closed Reduction in Colles` Fracture: Jong Oh Kim, Yo Hun Yun, Dong Wook Kim, Yong Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Jin Chang; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(1):113-120. Published online January 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.1.113

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study is to evaluate the radiologic results after close reduction for the distal radius fractures that were reduced. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From March 1996 to Feburary 1999, thirty-four patients with distal radius fracture were treated with close reduction and cast immobilizationat at Ewha Womans University Hospital. The radiograph were taken after reduction and at 3days, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks. Three parametersof the radiograph were measured.; radial inclination, palmar angulation and radial shortening. The radiological results were estimated by the criteria of Sarmiento.
RESULTS
In 34 patients, type I were 10 cases, type II were 15 cases, type III were 6 cases, type IV-A were 3 cases by the Universal classification. The average value of the radiologic parameters after reduction were followings s; radial inclination(RI) 18.2Â°, palmar angulation(PA) 9.3Â° and radial shortening(RS) 1.8mm in type I. RA 17.2Â°. PA 8.4Â° and RS 2.0mm in type II. RI 16.5Â°, PA 8.0Â°, RS 2.5mm in type III. RI 14.9Â°, PA 7.7Â°, RS 3.5mm in type IV. At 6weeks after reduction, RI 17.8Â°, PA 9.2Â° and RS 2.1mm in type I. RA 16.7Â°, PA 7.6Â° and RS 2.6mm in type II, RI 15.4Â°, PA 7.0Â°, RS 4.0mm in type III. RI 13.3Â°, PA 6.2Â°, RS 5.2mm in type IV.
CONCLUSION
Loss of reduction after close reduction with cast immobilization for type III and IV were occurred more frequtently than type I and II.

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Redisplacement of Distal Radius Fracture after Initial Closed Reduction: Analysis of Prognostic Factors
Ho-Wook Jung, Hanpyo Hong, Hong Jun Jung, Jin Sam Kim, Ho Youn Park, Kun Hyung Bae, In-Ho Jeon
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2015; 7(3): 377. CrossRef

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Operative Treatment of Acetabular Fractures: Jong Oh Kim, Yo Hun Yun, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Hyoung Jin Jeong, Yi Kyoung Shin; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):761-770. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.761

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We reviewed 47 cases of acetabular fractures which was treated operatively, to review the clinical results of operative treatment of acetabular fractures considering the experience of a surgeon, to assess the relationship between the quality of the operative reduction and the clinical results.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 47 cases of acetabular fractures which was treated operatively from September 1993 to December 1999 and follow up more than 1 year. And we analyzed retrospectively the data in the aspect of the relationships between the radiologic evaluation of the reduction and the clinical results, and we reviewed the initial 20 cases as a group I and the later 27 cases as a group II to compare the differences of clinical results of the two groups.
RESULTS
In the accuracy of reduction, anatomical reductions were 4 hips in the group I and 13 in the group II, satisfactory 7 hips in the group I and 9 hips in the group II, unsatisfactory 9 hips in the group I and 5 hips in the group II. We assess the over-all clinical result with the criteria of Merle d'Aubigne and Postel. In the group I, 20 hips, the clinical result was excellent for 3 hips(15%), good for 6 hips(30%), fair for 5 hips(25%), and poor for 6(30%) hips. In the group II, 27 hips, the clinical result was excellent for 11 hips(41%), good for 8 hips(30%), fair for 5 hips(18%), and poor for 3(11%).
CONCLUSION
The accuracy of reduction was closely related to the clinical results. And the more a surgeon getting experienced, the better accurate reduction and clinical results were possible.

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Radiologic Follow-up Results of Distraction After Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures using External Fixator: Jong Oh Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Kyoung Soo Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):988-994. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.988

Abstract PDF: External fixation for severe fractures of the distal radius is accepted treatment offering the potential advantages of controlled distraction, accurate positioning of fracture fragments, and avoidance of extensive open procedures. One of the limitation of external fixation for distal radius fractures is excessive distraction, which affect the outcome. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes of the distraction of the intercarpal and radiocarpal joint, developed after treatment of distal radius fractures with external fixator. Restrospective study was done for 28 paitents, who were evaluated by chart review, questionnaire, radiograph, and physical examination. The carpal height ratio, radial inclination, velar tilt, radial length were measured in the postoperative and follow-up radiographs. The carpal height ratio was used to quantify the distraction. Functional evaluation was performed with Demerit-Point system described by Garthland and Werley. Five fractures had an excellent results, 16 had a good results, 4 had a fair results, and 3 had poor results. After union, average radial inclination was 21.3 degree, average dorsal angulation was -0.5 degree, and radial shortening was 1mm. Increased carpal height ratio of the 9 cases did not decrease to less than 0.56 at one year after operation. The over-distraction of intercarpal and radiocarpal joint developed after external fixation of the distal radius fracture, did not have decreased in the one year follow-up radiographs after operation. The over- distraction should be avoided intraoperativly.

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Brooker Intramedually Nailing for the Treatment of Distal 1/3 Tibial Fractures with Compromised Soft Tissue: Chung Nam Kang, Jong Oh Kim, Yeo Hon Yun, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Jong Keon Oh, Ki Woong Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):924-931. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.924

Abstract PDF: The treatment of distal tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue poses many problems that usually occurs from the high-energy trauma, and the results are often unsatisfactory following lots of complications like loss of reduction, malunion, and inlection. We studied to evaluate the treatment results of Brooker intramedually nailing for the distal 1/3 tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue. Twenty-three cases of distal tibial fractures with comprolnised soft tissue were reviewed and we analyzed the results of surgical treatment in the viewpoint of union time, loss of reduction, malunion, complication and its final outcome. The range of follow-up was 24 months to 38 months with mean 29 months follow-up. Most of patients were between twenty and sixty years, and average age was 43.2 years. Acording to Gustilo and Andersons classification, 3 were Type I, 2 were Type II of 5 open fractures. According to Tschernes classification, 13 were Grade I, 5 were Grade II of 18 closed fractures. The average to union was 15 weeks with range 11 to 20 weeks. The healing was slowest in Tschernes Type II and fastest in Tschernes Type I fracture. There were 3 cases of malunion, more than 5 degrees. All of the 3 cases were posterior angulation. Only 1 case was the loss of reduction. This case was 3 to 10 degrees of varus angulation. There were 3 cases of superficial infection. The infection was controlled with antibiotic therapy. Only 1 case was acceptable of the final outcome. This case waf limping gait because of pain and loss of ankle dorsiflexion to 15 degrees. But, the limitation of ordinary work was not seen. And 18 cases were excellent and 4 cases were good. We recommand that wherever possible, Brooker intramedually nailing can be used for distal tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue. And a high rate of union and a low rate of complication can be expected with thit treatment modality.

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Problems of compression Hip Screw for the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fracture in Elderly Patients: Kwon Jae Roh, Jong Oh Kim, Hyung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(3):502-508. Published online July 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.3.502

Abstract PDF

The principle in the treatment of an elderly patient with an intertrochanteric fracture has swung from traction to internal fixation due to complication such as pneumonia, skin ulcer, and thromboernbolic disease, etc. Many surgeons have used sliding compression screw for trochanteric fracture fixation which was regarded as a most effective device to manage the fracture. but, they have reported several risk factors to cause fixation failure such as screw impaction or loosening, because of osteoporosis, large defect on posteromedial aspect of neck, eccentric fixation of lag screw. The aim of the present investigation was to study the relationships between the type of fracture, the trabecular bone grading of proximal femur, reduction status, the implant position and the extent of impaction or loosening of the comression screw. We studied 47 elderly patients(age>60) who were managed using of compression hip screw as operative management and followed more than 6 months after operative treatment at Department of orthopaedic surgery, Ewha womens university Mokdong hospital from 1994 to 1998. The results were as follows 1. Screw impaction or loosening was developed in 7 cases of 47 cases after internal fixation. 2. Of 7 cases, 2 cases were stable fracture(modified Evans type I, II) and 5 cases unstable (modified Evans type III, IV, V). 3. Of 7 cases, 3 cases were high trabecula grade(grade VI, V, IV), 4 cases were low trabecula grade(grade I, II, III). 4. No siginificant diffierence of impaction or loosening development was in screw position. 5. Of 7 cases, 2 cases were anatomical reduction and 5 cases medial reduction.

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Treatment of Senile Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fracture using Proximal Femoral Nail
Dong-Hui Kim, Sang-Hong Lee, Young-Lae Moon, Jun-Young Lee, Kun-Sang Song
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 215. CrossRef

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Relationship between Simple X-ray and CT Findings on the Degree of Canal Encroachment in Burst Fracture of Thoracolumbar Junction: Young Do Koh, Jong Oh Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(2):388-394. Published online April 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.2.388

Abstract PDF: In burst fracture of thoracolumbar junction, compressive injury of middle column is characteristic and neurologic symptom develops by retropulsion of bony fragment into spinal canal. Authors had treated 44 cases with burst fracture of thoracolumbar junction at Ewha Woman' University Mokdong Hospital from September, 1993 to December, 1997 and analyzed the relationships between simple radiologic findings and canal encroachment and between neurology and canal encroachment. The results were as follows; Canal encroachment by bony fragment was larger in lower vertebra than in upper one. Canal encroachment was larger in Denis type A than in type B. Both anterior vertebral height(AVH) and presence of neurology were not related with the amount of canal encroachment. The lesser loss of posterior vertebral height(PVH) and kyphotic angle were, the more canal encroachment was. In summary, factors that influenced the amount of canal encroachment were fracture level and type. There was no significant relationship between neurology and the amount of canal encroachment. AVH, PVH and kyphotic angle were not related with the amount of canal encroachment.

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Risk Factors in Progression of Deformity in Compression Fracture of Thoracolumbar Junction: Young Do Koh, Jong Oh Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(2):372-378. Published online April 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.2.372

Abstract PDF

Compression fracture of thoracolumbar junction is considered to be stable, and usually treated by conservative methods, such as bed rest followed by bracing. However, we can often see the progression of deformity during follow-up. Authors had treated 62 cases with compression fractures of thoracolumbar junction conservatively at Ewha Woman' University Mokdong Hospital from September, 1993 to December, 1997, and analyzed risk factors of progression in anterior vertebral height (AVH) collapse and kyphotic angle after the minimum 1 year follow-up. The results were as follows; The anterior vertebral height significantly more decreased in the group with age over 60, but increase of kyphotic angle was not related with age factor. In female, decrease of AVH and increase of kyphotic angle were more than in male. AVH significantly more decreased in L1 than in T12 or L2, but increase of kyphotic angle was not related with fracture level. Decrease of AVH and increase of kyphotic angle were not related with fracture type. Osteoporosis seems to be the most important single risk factor in progression of compression and more strict wearing of well-fitting brace is necessary to protect the progression in case of severe osteoporosis.

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The Influence of Initial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings on the Compression Rate of Thoracolumbar Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Seok-Ha Hwang, Seung-Pyo Suh, Young-Kyun Woo, Ho-Seung Jeon, Ho-Won Jeong
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2018; 53(4): 341. CrossRef
Nonfusion Method in Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Spinal Fractures
Yong-Min Kim, Dong-Soo Kim, Eui-Sung Choi, Hyun-Chul Shon, Kyoung-Jin Park, Byung-Ki Cho, Jae-Jung Jeong, Young-Chan Cha, Ji-Kang Park
Spine.2011; 36(2): 170. CrossRef
The Efficacy of Kyphoplasty on Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture - A 1-Year Follow-up Study -
Dong-Ki Ahn, Song Lee, Dea-Jung Choi, Hoon-Seok Park, Kwan-Soo Kim, Tae-Woo Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2009; 16(2): 79. CrossRef
Clinical Outcome of Conservative Treatment for Osteoporotic Compression Fractures in Thoracolumbar Junction
Whoan Jeang Kim, Jong Won Kang, Kun Young Park, Jae Guk Park, Se Hyun Jung, Won Sik Choy
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2006; 13(4): 240. CrossRef
Results of Non-fusion Method in Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Spinal Fractures
Yong-Min Kim, Dong-Soo Kim, Eui-Seong Choi, Hyun-Chul Shon, Kyoung-Jin Park, Kyeong-Il Jeong, Young-Chan Cha, Hu-Shan Cui
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2005; 12(2): 132. CrossRef

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The prognostic factors in Tongue shaped calcaneal fractures treated by Essex-Lopresti method: Jong Oh Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo Yoo, Dong Wook Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(2):328-334. Published online April 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.2.328

Abstract PDF: There is a great difference in opinion regarding the treatment of intraarticular fractures of the calcaneus. In Essex-Lopresti method, a heavy Steinmann pin is introduced into the cancellous part of tongue fragment and the fracture is reduced by lifting the fragment by the level effect of the Steinmann pin. The authors had treated 38 cases in 36 patients with displaced intraarticular tongue shaped fractures using Essex-Lopresti axial fixation at our hospital from 1993 to 1997. We obtained the following results. 1. Of 36 patients, 31 patients were male and 5 female 2. The main cause of fractures were fall from height in 86 percent of cases and spine injury was associated in 8 cases(22%). 3. The favorable result was obtained in 29 cases(76%). 4. The poor prognostic factors in functional outcome were old age, comminution of fracture, osteoporosis and the loss of correction in B.. ohler angle at postoperative and follow up Xrays.

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Results and Problems of open Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fracture: Chung Nam Kang, Jong Oh Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Young Do Koh, Jae Doo You, Kyoung Soo Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(1):28-34. Published online January 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.1.28

Abstract PDF: The intramedullary nailing is one of the most available methods in treatment of femoral shaft fracture. The closed intramedullary nailing is known to be the best method of treatment of femur shaft fracture, but it is not always available in cases of deficit of equipment, severe associated injury, and some fracture pattern. The open intramedullary nailing has advantage of easily obtaining anatomical reduction but it increases the risk of infection, the incidence of delayed union and additional operations inevitably. We reviewed 33 cases of open intramedullary nailing in femur shaft fracture from September 1994 to September 1997. The results were as follows : 1. The average union time was 27.3 weeks. 2. Location of fractures was middle one-thirds in most cases, and Winquist-Hansen classification type II was the most common. 3. The complication included 8 delayed unions, 3 nonunions, 2 infections, shortening of more than two centimeters in 3 patients. 4. In 4 cases, we did open intramedullary nailing with bone graft initially, but all of them has complication as delayed union and nonunion. We can use open intramedullary nailing method in some femur shaft fractures, but there are many problems and complications. So we must consider it carefully before using this method.

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Treatment of Type IIIB Open Tibial Shaft Fractures: Chung Nam Kang, Jong Oh Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Young Doo Koh, Jae Doo You, Jong Keon Oh, Young Seuk Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(3):560-566. Published online July 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.3.560

Abstract PDF

In general, severe open fractures of the tibial shaft have been treated initially with external fixation. However, despite many refinements in this technique, it has been associated with numerous complications, including problems at the sites of pins, non-union, delayed union, malunion, and infection. The purpose of this retrospective study is to analyze the results in a consecutive series of patients. There were 8 males and 2 females with an average age of the 44.9 years(range, 26-64 years). The mean follow up period was 23.2 nibtgs(range, 34-120 days). Free flap procedures were performed on all patients. The average time between removal of the fixator and intramedullary nailing was 16.5 days(range, 11-26 days). Indication of conversion to nailing was abscence of any serous discharge, reddness or local heating around pin-sites and normal renge of laboratory data. All 10 fractures had united with additional bone graft in 7 cases. The most frequent complications were delayed union in 7 cases and infection(superficial infection: 6 cases, osteomyelitis: 1 case) after IM nailing. We concluded that pin-tract infection is the major cause of infection after IM nail, but duration of external fixation and time interval(between removal of external fixator and nailing) are not isolated factors.

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Study on Instant Fish Cake Noodle Manufacturing Techniques Using Ultra-fine Powdered Kelp
Yoo-Jin Park, Se-Jong Kim, Myung-Ryun Han, Moon-Jeong Chang, Myung-Hwan Kim
Food Engineering Progress.2019; 23(3): 217. CrossRef
Treatment of Type IIIb Open Tibial Fractures
Seong Yeon Lim, Il Jae Lee, Jae Ho Joe, Hyung Keun Song
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(4): 267. CrossRef

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Surgical Treatment of Displaced Acetabular Fractures - focused on Complications after open reduction -: Chung Nam Kang, Jong Oh Kim, Kong Uk Kim, Yeong Do Koh, Byeong Geun Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(3):477-486. Published online July 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.3.477

Abstract PDF: Management of displaced fractures of the acetabulum represents one of the greatest challenges in fracture surgery. The results had been proved to be successful after anatomical reduction and stable internal fixation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical results and complications of open reduction of the displaced acetabular fractures to minimize the complications, and to present suggestions for the treatment of these fractures. We reviewed our experience with 23 displaced acetabular fractures which had been treated by open reduction to evaluate the clinical results and complications. The results were as follows; 1. The most common type of elementary fractures was posterior wall fractures according to Letournel's classification. 2. Excellent or good results were obtained in 88% among the satisfactory reduction group, and it means that accurate reduction was the most reliable factors contributing to successful clinical outcomes. 3. Complications were 1 deep infection, 2 ectopic bone formation, 1 intraarticular hardware, and 1 chondrolysis. 4. In the treatment of displaced acetabular fractures, careful initial assessment using radiograph, angiogram and 3-D CT, appropriate selection of surgical approach and accurate surgical clinical outcome and minimize the complication rate.

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Essex-Lopresti Axial Fixation for Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Young Do Koh, Jong Oh Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(2):371-377. Published online April 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.2.371

Abstract PDF: Fracture of the calcaneus is quite common, and displace intraarticular fractures can be associated with serious and prolonged disability. However, there still a great deal of controversy regarding the treatment of intraarticular fractures of calcaneus. Authors had treated 41 cases of 32 patients with displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures using Essex-Lopresti axial fixation at Ewha Woman's University Mokdong Hospital from September, 1993 to February, 1996, and analyzed the functional results after the minimum 2 year follow-up. The results as follows; 1. Of 41 intraarticular calcaneal fractures, 27 fractures were tongue type and 14 fractures were joint depression type according to Essex-Lopresti classification. 2. Postoperatively Bohler angle was restored to mean 24.5degree intongue type, and to mean 13.8degree in joint depression type. 3. The reduction loss of Bohler angle was 7% in tongue type and 18.8% in joint depression type at the final follow-up. 4. The satisfactory results were obtained in 77.7% of tongue type and in 49.9% of joint depression type.

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Treatment of Femoral Shaft Fracture by Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing - Relative Analysis Between Closed Nailing and Open Nailing -: Jong Oh kim, Young Do Koh; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(2):328-336. Published online April 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.2.328

Abstract PDF: The closed intramedullary nailing is the best method of treatment in femur shaft fracture, but it is not available in some fracture patten or fracture level, and also need specific technique under specific equipment. conventional closed intramedullary nailing dose not provide adequate fixation if cortical contact of the major fragments is lost due to severe comminution. Open intramedullary nailing with aditional wire fixation or bone graft do not always produce good result and involved and increased risk of infection, delayed union, and also need additional operation. We analysed 80 cases of interlocking intramedullary nailing from September 1994 to September 1997. closed intramedullary nailing was used in 47 cases and open intramedullary nailing in 33 cases. The results were as follows; 1. The average union time was 17.58 weeks in closed Im nailing group, and 27.32weeks in open IM nailing group. 2. In open IM nailing group, complications incluled 10 delayed union, 3 nonunion, two infections, shortening of more than two centimeters, which occurred in 3patients. In closed IM nailing group only one complication is transient peroneal nerve palsy.

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