Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

The Clinical Results of Opening Wedge Osteotomy in the Volarly Malunited Distal Radius: Seoung Joon Lee, Jin Ho Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2014;27(1):29-35. Published online January 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2014.27.1.29

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To report the clinical results of opening wedge osteotomy graft in the volarly malunited distal radius.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten patients with volarly malunited distal radius fractures treated by opening wedge osteotomy were included in this study. Grip power, range of motion of the wrist, radiographic parameter and Mayo wrist scores were retrospectively evaluated.
RESULTS
At the final follow-up, the rotation of the forearm, the range of motion of wrist, and the grip power were improved. The average radial inclination improved to 22.2degrees, the average volar tilting improved to 5.6degrees, and the average ulnar variance improved to 0.8 mm. The average Mayo wrist score was improved to 85.6.
CONCLUSION
Opening wedge osteotomy for volarly malunited distal radius was considered as one of the good treatments to restore anatomy of the distal radius and distal radioulnar joint and also to improve the function of the wrist joint.

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Intrapelvic Anterior Plate Fixation for Crescent Fracture-Dislocation of Sacroiliac Joint: Kwang Jun Oh, Jin Ho Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(3):184-190. Published online July 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.3.184

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of intrapelvic anterior plate fixations for Day Classification Type II crescent fracture-dislocations of sacroiliac joints.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten patients who had undertaken the surgical treatment for the sacroiliac joint from 2006 to 2012 were enrolled in this study. All cases fell into Type II by Day Classification for sacroiliac joint injuries. For surgical treatments, the plate fixation through the intra-pelvic anterior approach was first performed for all cases and anterior ring fixation was performed in 4 cases with more severely displaced anterior pelvic ring injuries. Then, radiological and clinical evaluation was implemented.
RESULTS
The bone union was observed from all patients whom performed the surgical fixation. In the radiological results, 9 cases with the anatomic and nearly-anatomic reductions were observed. Out of the 10 cases which performed the rotational displacement analysis, there were 3 excellent cases, 6 good cases and 1 fair case. The 10 cases that performed the deformity index and vertical displacement analysis, less variations were observed in the anterior ring fixations after intra-pelvic anterior plate fixation group. According to the clinical results, 4 excellent cases, 3 good cases, and 3 moderate cases were observed.
CONCLUSION
In the Type II crescent fracture-dislocation of sacroiliac joint, the intrapelvic anterior plate fixation achieved satisfactory anatomical reductions, radiological stabilities and clinical results.

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Osteoporotic Spinal Compression Fracture and Degree of Vitamin D Deficiency: Hong Sik Kim, Youn Ho Choi, Ki Chul Park, Ye Soo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2013;26(1):27-31. Published online January 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2013.26.1.27

PURPOSE
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the degree of serum vitamin D deficiency in patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture and correlation of serum vitamin D level with several variables.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The medical records of 134 patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture, diagnosed at our hospital between October 2008 and June 2011, were reviewed. Serum 25(OH)vitamin D3 was used to evaluate the status of vitamin D level. Serum 25(OH)vitamin D3 level was compared and analyzed according to sex, the number of fractured vertebral body, living environment, and the season of injury. The correlation between vitamin D level and age, bone mineral density, and bone turnover marker were evaluated.
RESULTS
In the serum 25(OH)vitamin D3, 87 patients (65%) associated with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture had an insufficient level. Vitamin D level was the lowest in winter, the highest in summer, and significantly higher in the living home than nursing home. Vitamin D level was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.201, p=0.02) and positively correlated with bone mineral density (r=0.217, p=0.012).
CONCLUSION
Evaluation of vitamin D level in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients may be helpful in planning the treatment of the patients. For insufficient vitamin D level, the adequate sun exposure and supplement of vitamin D may be used.

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Vitamin D Status according to the Diseases in Hospitalized Rehabilitation Patients: Single Center Study
Hanbit Ko, Jin Hee Nam, Soo-kyung Bok
Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

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Humerus Shaft Fractures in Leisure Sport 'Flyfish Riding': 4 Cases Report: Bong Gun Lee, Ki Chul Park, Youn Ho Choi, Woo Sung Jung, Kyu Tae Hwang; J Korean Fract Soc 2012;25(4):327-330. Published online October 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.4.327

Abstract PDF

A fracture of the humeral shaft can occur by direct or indirect injury. Most occur as a result of direct injury mechanisms such as falls from a height, direct blows, and traffic accidents. Recently, the population enjoying watersports for leisure is increasing and 'flyfish riding', in which passengers ride an inflatable raft drawn by a motorboat, may cause humeral shaft fracture as twisting and axial compression forces occur on the humeral shaft while boarding. Accordingly, the incidence of humeral shaft fracture is expected to increase as more people are expected to enjoy leisure sport activities such as 'flyfish riding'. We report 4 cases of humeral fracture that occurred during this activity in the year 2011.

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Humerus Shaft Fractures Occurring in Fly Fishing Boat Riding: Injury Scene Analysis
Hongri Li, Wan Sun Choi, Bong-gun Lee, Jae-hoo Lee, Younguk Park, Doohyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine.2019; 37(4): 134. CrossRef

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Treatment of Distal Femur Fracture: Jung Jae Kim, Ji Ho Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(3):288-293. Published online July 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.3.288

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

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Comparative study of retrograde intramedullary nailing versus locking extramedullary plating in complete articular fractures with metaphyseal comminution of the distal femur
Yong-Cheol Yoon, Youngwoo Kim, Benjamin D. Pesante, You Seung Chun, Sang Ho Lee, Hoon-Sang Sohn
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2024; 144(5): 2109. CrossRef
Efficacy of Integrated Korean Medicine Treatment Including Motion-Style Acupuncture Treatment for L1 Burst Fracture and Bilateral Femoral Condyle, Proximal Tibial, and Proximal Fibular Comminuted Fractures: A Case Report
Da Dam Kim, Seong Hyeon Jeon, Woo Young Kim
Journal of Acupuncture Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Mid-Term Result after Osteosynthesis of Intra-Articular Fractures of Distal Femur
Sam Guk Park, Jeong Jae Moon, Oog Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(4): 242. CrossRef

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Operative Treatment with Gamma 3 Nail in Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture: Ki Do Hong, Jae Chun Sim, Sung Sik Ha, Tae Ho Kim, Yoon Ho Choi, Jong Hyun Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2011;24(1):7-15. Published online January 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2011.24.1.7

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate clinical and radiological results of surgical treatment of femur intertrochantenric fracture using Gamma 3 nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
With clinical study, 22 patients who were treated surgically by Gamma 3 nail were retrospectively evaluated. By postoperative radiograph and last follow up radiograph we measured Tip-apex distance, Cleveland index, Neck-shaft angle change Lag screw slippage and Union time. And By medical record review, the clinical results were evaluated with the operation time, intraperative estimated blood loss, amount of transfusion, change of mobility and complication.
RESULTS
The mean change of femur neck shaft angle was 5.18 degrees. The mean lag screw sliding was 5.43 mm. The mean bone union time was 11.8 weeks. From all of these examples shows bone union. The mean operative time was 41 min, blood loss was 161 ml and the transfusion amount was 0.3 pint. In Ceder et al mobility score, it showed 0.2 point decreased and in Jensen social function score, it showed 0.6 point increased. Comparing the results before and after operation, the results were satisfactory.
CONCLUSION
Using the Gamma 3 nail, the treatment of fermur intertrochanteric fractures showed good results both radiologically and clinically.

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Changes in Tip-Apex Distance by Position and Film Distance Measured by Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)
Kyu Yeol Lee, Sung Soo Kim, Hyeon Jun Kim, Dong Ho Ha, Hyung Min Yoon, Hyun Su Do
Hip & Pelvis.2015; 27(1): 36. CrossRef
Results of Asian Type Gamma 3 Nail in Treatment of Trochanteric Fractures
Bing Zhe Huang, Yong Wook Park, Jin Su Park, Kyu Cheol Noh, Soung Yon Kim, Kook Jin Chung, Hong Kyun Kim, Hyong Nyun Kim, Yong Hyun Yoon, Ji Hyo Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(3): 213. CrossRef
Treatment of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures with a Long Intramedullary Nail
Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51. CrossRef
Comparative Study of Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-Rotation and the Third Generation of Gamma Nail
Jae-Cheon Sim, Tae-Ho Kim, Ki-Do Hong, Sung-Sik Ha, Jong-Seong Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 37. CrossRef

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The Surgical Treatment of Distal Femur Medial Condyle Fracture Using Lateral Anatomical Plate of Opposite Side through Medial Approach: Sung Sik Ha, Jae Chun Sim, Ki Do Hong, Jae Young Kim, Kwang Hee Park, Yoon Ho Choi; J Korean Fract Soc 2009;22(4):246-251. Published online October 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2009.22.4.246

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate clinical and radiological results of surgical treatment of distal femur medial condyle fracture using lateral anatomical plate of opposite side through medial approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reviewed the results of 9 cases of distal femur medial condyle fracture treated with lateral anatomical plate of opposite side through medial approach from December 2005 to June 2007, after a follow up of more than 12 months. There were 2 males and 7 females with a mean age of 63.1 (57~72) years. The clinical results were evaluated using the Schatzker's criteria, and the radiographic results were evaluated using the bone union time. RESULTS: Using the Schatzker's criteria, 7 cases of the 9 patients (78%) showed exellent results. The mean time for bone union was 13.4 (11~15) weeks. There were 3 cases of pain on full weight bearing same as previous operative state by degenerative osteoarthritis. There weren't complications as joint stiffness, infection, varus & rotational deformity, malunion, nonunion, and metal failure. CONCLUSION: Plate fixation using medial approach provides the proper anatomical reduction and stronger fixation, and outcome good results.

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Medial Plating of Distal Femoral Fracture with Locking Compression Plate-Proximal Lateral Tibia: Cases' Report
Se-Ang Jang, Young-Soo Byun, In-Ho Han, Dongju Shin
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2016; 29(3): 206. CrossRef

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Percutaneous Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fracture with Retrograde Guide Wire Insertion Technique: Ho Seung Jeon, Seung Ju Jeon, Jae Ho Choi, Jong Min Kim, In Kee Cho; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(1):104-108. Published online January 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.1.104

Abstract: Piriformis fossa is chosen for the entry point of the intramedullary nail insertion for the broken femoral shaft. To evaluate the correct entry point selection, the use of the usual operation table and short skin incision, we tried the percutaneous interlocking intramedullary nailing with retrograde guide wire insertion technique. The guide wire is inserted through the short skin incision on the anterior thigh and comes out through piriformis fossa easily. Through over the guide wire the femoral nail was inserted with only short skin incision. And the trick makes no difference except the convenience compared with the antegrade guide wire insertion technique. It is considered as a useful tip of the intramedullary nailing of the femoral shaft fracture.

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Closed Reduction and External Fixation of Displaced Fractures of the Proximal Humerus: Seung Ju Jeon, Ho Seung Jeon, Kye Nam Cho, Jae Ho Choi, Joon Yong Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(1):43-48. Published online January 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.1.43

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This is a retrospective study to analyze the functional results of closed reduction and external fixation of unstable fractures of the proximal humerus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten unstable proximal humerus fractures were managed with closed reduction and external fixation in which other operative methods are not proper due to comminution, osteoporosis or poor general condition of patients. 4 cases of 2-part and 6 cases of 3-part fracture were included. Radiologically union of fracture, malunion and the evdence of avascular necrosis of humeral head were assessed and the functional results were analyzed with Neer scoring system.
RESULTS
Radiologically all fractures were healed but in 2 cases malunion was resulted because of reduction loss in proximal fragment. Pin site infection was developed in 7 cases and oral antibiotics were needed. The functional results were excellent in 4, satisfactory in 3 and unsatisfactory in 3 cases. 2 cases with malunion and one case with lack of postoperative cooperation resulted in functionally unsatisfactory.
CONCLUSION
External fixation is an alternative method in the treatment of unstable proximal humerus fractures in which open reduction or percutaneous pinning are not proper due to comminution, osteoporosis or poor general condition of patient.

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Flexible Intramedullary Nailing in Children's Femoral Shaft Fractures: Yeo Hon Yun, Chang Ho Choi, Jae Hak Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):385-391. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.385

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We report a treatment result and the pros-cons of the flexible intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures in children between the ages of 4 and 11 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the recent three years, 28 femoral shaft fractures in 27 consecutive pediatric patients were treated with flexible intramedullary nailing. We retrospectively reviewed their clinical and radiological records, followed-up for at least one year, in respects to the recovery of knee joint motion; time of weight bearing; time of fracture union; period of admission and rehabilitation; angular deformity and leg length discrepancy; and other complications.
RESULTS
In all children, the knee joint motion was rapidly recovered to near normal range within 2~4 weeks. Partial weight bearing with wearing functional brace was possible within 2~4 weeks, while full weight bearing without brace was started until 6~12 (average 8.4) weeks after the nailing. In the last follow-up radiographs, five cases (18%) showed an angular deformity in any direction of more than 5 degrees. Two children represented leg length discrepancy of more than 1 cm. Other complications were one fixation failure, and one deep soft tissue infection at the entry point of the nail.
CONCLUSION
We strongly recommend the flexible intramedullary nailing in this injury because the fixation is strong enough to permit early knee motion and weight bearing in orthosis, the fracture healing was so rapid without any case of delayed or nonunion, and the incidences of residual angular deformity and leg length discrepancy were significantly less than the nonoperative treatment.

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Comparison of Flexible Intramedullary Nailing with External Fixation in Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures
Do-Young Kim, Sung-Ryong Shin, Un-Seob Jeong, Yong-Wook Park, Sang-Soo Lee, Keun-Min Park
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2008; 43(1): 30. CrossRef

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The Usefulness of Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Nonunion and Delayed Union: Yeo Heon Yun, Jong Oh Kim, Young Do Ko, Jae Doo Yoo, Jun Mo Jung, Jong Gun Oh, Han Chen Bang, Chang Ho Choi, Myeung cheol Shin; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(1):104-111. Published online January 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.1.104

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluation of usefulness of low-intensity ultrasound for nonunion and delayed union.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For 5 months, we treated 7 delayed union and 8 nonunion using low-intensity ultrasound. After 5 months, in checked X-ray AP and Lateral view, when cortical bridge formation was done, we through union.
RESULTS
In 7 delayed union, 5 cases-2 femur, tibia, humerus, radius were healed. In 8 nonunion, 3 femur nonunion were healed. Union rate was 71% in delayed union 37.5% in nonunion.
CONCLUSION
we thought that the low-intensity ultrasound has capacity of induction of union and was considered as the method of treatment for delayed union.

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Treatment of the Clavicular Shaft Fractures with K-wires: Ho Choi, Hoon Kim, Neungcheol Shin, Dongsoo Han; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(3):450-455. Published online July 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.3.450

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We report the results of treatment of the clavicular shaft fractures with Kwires.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We treated 25 cases of clavicular shaft fractures with Kwires from June, 1998 to March, 2000 and analyzed the union period, functional results and complications.
RESULTS
Clinical union period was 3.2 weeks, radiologic union period was 8.3 weeks. The functional results were excellent or good in 21 cases(84 %) and there was no delayed or nonunion.
CONCLUSION
In the treatment of the clavicular shaft fractures, intramedullary fixation with K-wires is thought to be simple and effective method.

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Treatment of Open Tibial Fracture with Repofix External Fixator: Ho Choi, Hoon Kim, Neung cheol Shin, Sang Ho Shin, Dong Soo Han; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(3):412-418. Published online July 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.3.412

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of treatment of open tibial fracture with Repofix external fixator by clinical and radiological assessement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 24 cases of open tibial fracture, who had been treated with Repofix external fixator from Oct. 1995 to June 1999, were evaluated about distribution of gender, age, cause of injury, fracture site and pattern, and assessed bony union time and complication.
RESULTS
The mean period of application of external fixator was 12.3 weeks and we kept PTB cast until bony union for average 11.5 weeks. According to Gustilo-Anderson's classification, the mean bony union time was 21.7 w e e k s ( type I ), 36 weeks(type II) and 39 weeks(type III), simple fracture was 22 weeks, comminuted fracture was 32 weeks(p<0.05). Complications were pin site infection(9 cases), delayed union(3 cases), nonunion(1 cases) and focal skin necrosis(1 case). There was no loss of motion about joint.
CONCLUSION
Repofix external fixator, which has the advantages of accurate reduction without extension of wound and decreases motion limitation of neighboring joint, is alternative useful appratus for open tibial fracture.

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Clinical Effectiveness of Korean Medical Rehabilitation Treatment after Patellar Fracture: A Report of 4 Cases
Ji-Hye Geum, Hyeon-Jun Woo, Jong-gyu Kim, Jung-Han Lee
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2020; 30(4): 203. CrossRef

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Reconstruction of Neglected Traumatic Radial Head Dislocation in Children: Dong Yeon Lee, Tae Joon Cho, In Ho Choi, Chin Youb Chung, Young Jin Sohn; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):1024-1032. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.1024

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical result of surgical reconstruction of the old traumatic radial head dislocation in children, and to delineate the optimal surgical procedure for it.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifteen cases of the old traumatic radial head dislocation were included in this study, which had surgical reconstruction at the age of 15 years or less. Preoperative and postoperative clinical symptom, range of joint motion, and radiologic findings were reviewed. Reconstructions were performed by combination of various procedures, and the advantages and disadvanges of each procedures were analyzed.
RESULTS
All the preoperative complaints were relieved by the operation. In twelve cases out of 15, the radial head reduction was well maintained. The reasons for the loss of reduction were non-union of ulnar osteotomy site, and the neglected angular deformity at the proximal radius. Although forearm pronation was decreased in most cases, they did not affect most of the daily activities except in cases where the radioulnar osseocartilaginous bridge were complicated.
CONCLUSION
Our results justify the surgical reconstruction of neglected traumatic radial head dislocations in children. Complete clearing of radiocapitellar joint, accurate bony realignment and rigid fixation, appropriate annular ligament reconstruction, and temporary fixation with transcapitellar pin may ensure satisfactory result.

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Biomechanical Analysis of Korean Radiolucent Carbon/Graphite Ring Fixator: In Ho Choi, Jun kyung Kim, Kui won Choi, Chin Youb Chung, Tae Joon Cho, Ki Seok Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(1):1-12. Published online January 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.1.1

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The mechanical stiffness of Korean radiolucent carbon/graphite ring fixator(KRCRF) was analyzed and compared with those of conventional stainless steel Ilizarov system and the Smith- Nephew carbon fiber circular external fixator.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The transfixing olive pins of the circular fixator on the acryl pylon were assembled in 90degrees- 90degrees and 135degrees- 45degrees configuration, respectively. And the fixator-pylon model was loaded with Instron model No. 8500 in three testing modes: axial compression, anteroposterior(AP) bending and lateral bending.
RESULTS
As compared with stainless steel Ilizarov fixator, the KRCRF was significantly more stiff on the axial compression test regardless of the ring size(140 mm and 200 mm diameters) and transfixation configuration. But, it was less stiff on the anteroposterior(AP) and lateral bending tests. When compared with the Smith-Nephew carbon fiber circular external fixator, the KRCRF was generally more stiff on the axial compression, AP and lateral bending tests regardless of the ring size(140 mm and 180 mm diameters) and configuration, except the AP bending stiffness in 90degrees- 90degrees configuration and lateral bending stffness in 135degrees- 45degrees configuration on the 180 mm diameter frame.
CONCLUSION
Considering the radiolucency, weight and biomechanical stffness, we think that the KRCRF is an excellent substitute for the imported circular fixators made of stainless steel or carbon/graphite.

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A Study on the Development of the Off-Line Software for Regulating the 6 D.O.F. Circular Fixator
Bum-Seok PARK, In-Ho CHOI, Jin-Woo KIM, Seung-Yeol LEE, Chang-Soo HAN
JSME International Journal Series C.2006; 49(4): 1123. CrossRef

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Biomechanical Analysis of Translucent Hexagonal External Fixator: Duk Yong Lee, In Ho Choi, Chin Youb Chung, Tae Joon Cho, Yoon Keun Park; J Korean Soc Fract 1997;10(2):379-387. Published online April 30, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1997.10.2.379

Abstract PDF: The mechanical stiffness of 4 configurations of the Translucent Hexagonal External Fixator(THEF) was analyzed and compared with conventional Ilizarov system in vitro. The advantage of the THEF was that it is less expensive, radio-translucent because it was made of carbon fiberepoxy. Stiffness in axial compression, torsion, A-P bending and lateral bending were measured in both fixators. The fixators were assembled into 90-90 and 45-135 configurations, respectively. In each configurations, two types of pin, smooth pins and olive pins, were used for transfixion. As compared with the Ilizarov fixator, the THEF was less stiff in axial compression when the two smooth pins were used for transfixion regardless of configuration, but was also less stiff in A-P and lateral bending except A-P bending when the smooth wires were assembled in 90-90 configuration, and lateral bending when the olive wires were assembled in 45-135 configuration. However, the THEF was more stiff in torsion regardless of configuration and type of wires used. When the olive wires were used, the THEF was more stiff than the Ilizarov fixator regardless of wire configuration in all loadiilg mode except AP bending. Changing the pin configuration from 90-90 to 45-135 decreased all stiffness of the Ilizarov fixator. However, lateral bending and axial compression stiffness with smooth wire and A-P bending stiffness regardless of types of wires were decreased in the THEF. Changing the smooth wires to olive wires increased the A-P and lateral bending stiffness in the Ilizarov fixator, while it increased all stiffnesses in the THEF. We believe that the results originated from the weakness of the material used. THEF may be an effective alternative for osteosynthesis, deformity correction in complex construct because of its radiolucency in spite of less favorable biomechanical properties in some loading mode.

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Treatment of Wrist Frarture-Disluation using the Mini-External Fixator and Internal Fixation: Chil Soo Kwon, Young Uek Kim, Jin Hyok Kim, Won Ho Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 1992;5(2):417-425. Published online November 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1992.5.2.417

Abstract PDF: Authors reviewed 8 cases of wrist fracture-dislocation treated with mini-external fixator and internal fixation form Septmeber 1989 to May 1992 with average 6 months follow up. The results were as follows ; 1. Mean ages were 47 years, most patients were young age. 2. We could achieve good results in intra-articular, communited, displaced fracture and open fracture of the wrist by using the mini-externall fixator and internal fixation. 3. Radial length and inclination was maintained mainly by the external fixator. Articular surface restoration and reconstruction was performed by bone graft and the limited internal fixation. We would like to recommend to use the mini-external fixator and limited internal fixation instead of plate and screws for the intraarticular fractue, displaced, communited farcture and open fracture of the wrist.

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Analsis of the Distal Tibial Physeal and Epiphyseal Injury: In Ho Choi, Choon Ki Lee, Duk Yong Lee, Se Il Suk, Song Choi, Yong Hoon Kim, Suk Kee Tae, Seong Il Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1989;2(2):164-173. Published online November 30, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1989.2.2.164

Abstract PDF: We have reviewed 21 cases of physeal and epiphyseal fracture of the distal tibia including one case of juvenile Tillaux fracture and four cases of triplane fracture. The patterns of fracture were correlated with the mechanism of injury using the modified Lauge-Hansen method and sysemic classification of the triplane frature was proposed. Treatment included closed reduction and cast(9 cases), closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation(4 cases), and open reduction(8 cases). Two of the nine patients treated by means of closed reduction and cast had ankle joint incongruity or progressive varus deformity requiring corrective ost eotomy. These two patients had either Salter-Harris Type III ro Type IV fracture after supination-inversion injury. In one patient, who had 100 per cent displacement of the distal tibial epiphysis and degloving injury of the ankle, premature physeal arrest developed after open reduction and internal fixaion for Salter-Harris Type Tyre I fracture. If there are triagular metaphseal ledge along with the juvenile Tillaux fracture-like vertical epiphyseal fracture line on the antero-posterior view and Salter-Harris Type II or Type IV frature on the lateral view, a certain type of triplane fracture is strongly suggested. Plain radiographs, however, could not accurately demontrate the detailed configuration of the triplane fracture, instead computerized axial tomography was very helpful us to analyse the true dimensions of the triplane fracture. We agree that displace Salter-Harri Type III or Type IV and transitional fractures with a fracture gap of more than two millimeters in the weight-bearing portion of the epiphysis regure open reduction.

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