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Original Article
Radiation Exposure Over the Course of a Year from an Image Intensifier in the Orthopaedic Operating Room
Gu-Hee Jung, M.D., Jae-Ho Jang, M.D., Jae-Do Kim, M.D., Chung-Kyu Kim, M.D.
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society 2012;25(1):58-63.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.1.58
Published online: January 31, 2012

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Gu-Hee Jung, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, 34, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 602-030, Korea. Tel: 82-51-990-6785, Fax: 82-51-243-0181, jyujin2001@kosin.ac.kr
• Received: June 21, 2011   • Revised: July 25, 2011   • Accepted: November 15, 2011

Copyright © 2012 The Korean Fracture Society

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  • Purpose
    To measure the annual radiation exposure of staff in the orthopaedic surgical room.
  • Materials and Methods
    From January 2010 to December 2010, we measured the radiation exposure of a tumor surgeon, spine surgeon, trauma surgeon, six residents, and six scrub nurses. Radiation was monitored with the use of thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on the chest under the lead apron. The annual dose of radiation exposure was compared to the maximum yearly permissible dose (20 mSv). During the study period, the trauma surgeon made a deliberate effort to minimize the radiation time and maintain a distance of 1 m from the image intensifier.
  • Results
    The annual exposure levels were 0.04 mSv (radiation time, 34 min 50 s), 0.08 mSv (151 min 46 s), and 0.12 mSv (135 min 27 s) for the tumor surgeon, trauma surgeon, and spine surgeon, respectively. The mean exposure was 0.0146 mSv (range, 0.4~0.39 mSv) for the residents and 0.06 mSv (range, 0.04~0.13 mSv) for the scrub nurses. Overall, the annual radiation exposure was 0.2~1.95% of the maximal yearly permissible dose. Despite the longer period of radiation exposure, the trauma surgeon was exposed to a lower dose of radiation than the spine surgeon.
  • Conclusion
    The annual radiation exposure of a trauma surgeon can be reduced by a deliberate effort to decrease exposure time and maintain a distance of at least 1 m from the image intensifier.
  • Key words: Radiation, Image intensifier, Radiation exposure
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Fig. 1
(A~C) The thermoluminescent dorsimeter (TLD) which is placed on the chest under the lead apron, is used for the monitoring of radiation.
jkfs-25-58-g001.jpg
Fig. 2
The drawing on the skin and provisional K-wire fixations are done to minimize the missed image.
jkfs-25-58-g002.jpg
Fig. 3
The monitor of image intensifier is pushed against wall in foot's direction.
jkfs-25-58-g003.jpg
Fig. 4
In order to maintaine a safe distance (100 cm) from the image intensifier, the orthopaedic surgeon takes a step away from operating table before (A) and after (B).
jkfs-25-58-g004.jpg
Table 1
Radiation time during surgical procedures by image intensifier
jkfs-25-58-i001.jpg

External fixation is included the bone transport and deformity correction. ORIF means limited open reduction with percutaneous screw fixation. M: minute, S: second. *Minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis, †Intramedullary nailing, ‡Open reduction and internal fixation, §Minimal invasive microscopic decompression, ∥Differential nerve block, Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Table 2
The wearing of lead apron and annual exposure for 1 year
jkfs-25-58-i002.jpg

*Rate of wearing the lead apron, †Radiation dose is monitored by the thermoluscent dorsimeter for a year.

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Current status of occupational radiation exposure and protection among medical interns and residents
      Seungwon Cho, Hangyeol Lee, Minku Kang, Won Jin Lee, Seulki Ko
      Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(2): 134.     CrossRef
    • Radiation exposure and fluoroscopically-guided interventional procedures among orthopedic surgeons in South Korea
      Seonghoon Kang, Eun Shil Cha, Ye Jin Bang, Teresa W. Na, Dalnim Lee, Sang Youn Song, Won Jin Lee
      Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef

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      Radiation Exposure Over the Course of a Year from an Image Intensifier in the Orthopaedic Operating Room
      J Korean Fract Soc. 2012;25(1):58-63.   Published online January 31, 2012
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2012.25.1.58
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    Radiation Exposure Over the Course of a Year from an Image Intensifier in the Orthopaedic Operating Room
    Image Image Image Image
    Fig. 1 (A~C) The thermoluminescent dorsimeter (TLD) which is placed on the chest under the lead apron, is used for the monitoring of radiation.
    Fig. 2 The drawing on the skin and provisional K-wire fixations are done to minimize the missed image.
    Fig. 3 The monitor of image intensifier is pushed against wall in foot's direction.
    Fig. 4 In order to maintaine a safe distance (100 cm) from the image intensifier, the orthopaedic surgeon takes a step away from operating table before (A) and after (B).

    Fig. 1

    Fig. 2

    Fig. 3

    Fig. 4

    Radiation Exposure Over the Course of a Year from an Image Intensifier in the Orthopaedic Operating Room

    Radiation time during surgical procedures by image intensifier

    External fixation is included the bone transport and deformity correction. ORIF means limited open reduction with percutaneous screw fixation. M: minute, S: second. *Minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis, †Intramedullary nailing, ‡Open reduction and internal fixation, §Minimal invasive microscopic decompression, ∥Differential nerve block, Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

    The wearing of lead apron and annual exposure for 1 year

    *Rate of wearing the lead apron, †Radiation dose is monitored by the thermoluscent dorsimeter for a year.
    Table 1 Radiation time during surgical procedures by image intensifier

    External fixation is included the bone transport and deformity correction. ORIF means limited open reduction with percutaneous screw fixation. M: minute, S: second. *Minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis, †Intramedullary nailing, ‡Open reduction and internal fixation, §Minimal invasive microscopic decompression, ∥Differential nerve block, Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

    Table 2 The wearing of lead apron and annual exposure for 1 year

    *Rate of wearing the lead apron, †Radiation dose is monitored by the thermoluscent dorsimeter for a year.

    Table 1

    Table 2

    J Musculoskelet Trauma : Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma
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