Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Comparison of Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Patients over 65 Years according to Presence and Types of Hip Fracture: Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Joong Bae Seo, Hyun Yul Yoo, Sang Young Moon; J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(3):263-269. Published online July 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.3.263

PURPOSE
We measured the BMD of elderly patients with osteoporotic hip fracture in order to understand the relationship between BMD of each sites and hip fracture occurrence or the types, and also to suggest a reference point for starting an osteoporosis treatment program.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From July 2007 to February 2010, we investigated total 147 elderly osteoporotic hip fracture patients over 65 years. For control group, 80 patients who were over 65-year-old and did not have any fracture were selected. BMD was compared at each site between each groups statistically.
RESULTS
In the comparison of femur intertrochanter and neck fracture groups, BMD of femur neck and trochanter areas and L2, L3 areas were significantly less in intertrochanteric fracture group. In the analysis according to the classification of intertrochanteric fracture, BMD of intertrochanter and Ward's triangle area were significantly less in unstable fracture group than stable one. Each of the fracture threshold of intertrochanteric and neck fracture group was -1.10 and -1.36 of the T-score in proximal femur, and -1.40 and -1.40 of the T-score in lumbar vertebrae.
CONCLUSION
To examine the BMD of both proximal femur and lumbar vertebrae areas is helpful to predict the hip fracture occurrence and the type of hip fracture. And for the prevention of hip fracture in elderly patients over 65 years, we propose that the aggressive treatment of osteoporosis should be started to prevent fracture for patients with a T-score less than -1.40.

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Risk factors affecting hip fracture patterns in an elderly Korean patient population
Sug Hun Che, Myung-Rae Cho, Patrick Michael Quinn, Suk-Kyoon Song
Medicine.2023; 102(33): e34573. CrossRef
Does Fracture Severity of Intertrochanteric Fracture in Elderly Caused by Low-Energy Trauma Affected by Gluteus Muscle Volume?
Byung-Kook Kim, Suk Han Jung, Donghun Han
Hip & Pelvis.2022; 34(1): 18. CrossRef

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Risk Factors of New Compression Fractures in Adjacent Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: Myung Ho Kim, Sang Hyuk Min, Suk Ha Jeon; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(3):260-265. Published online July 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.3.260

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the risk factors related to the development of new fractures in adjacent vertebrae after vertebroplasty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on 46 patients in whom 296 patients were performed during last 9 years. We were especially concerned with the restoration rate of vertebral height and kyphotic angle and estimated them on simple X-ray films.
RESULTS
In patients experienced subsequent vertebral fractures and no subsequent vertebral fractures after vertebroplasty, the mean height restoration rate of treated vertebra were 16.7% and 7.07%, and the kyphotic angle difference were 2.53 degree and 4.2 degree. The greater degree of height restoration of the vertebral body, especially in middle vertebral height and the lesser degree of kyphotic angle difference increased the risk of adjacent vertebral fracture risk. This results were available statistically (all p<0.05, Logistic regression test, SPSS 13.0).
CONCLUSION
It may be thought that the vertebral body height restoration rate will become risk factor of adjacent vertebral fractures.

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Outcome Comparison between Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Conservative Treatment in Acute Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Hwa-Yeop Na, Young-Sang Lee, Tae-Hoon Park, Tae-Hwan Kim, Kang-Won Seo
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2014; 21(2): 70. CrossRef
Adjacent Vertebral Compression Fracture after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Chung-Hwan Kim, Jae-Kwang Hwang, Jun-Seok Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2013; 20(4): 163. CrossRef
Cement Leakage into Disc after Kyphoplasty: Does It Increases the Risk of New Adjacent Vertebral Fractures?
Hoon-Sang Sohn, Seong-Kee Shin, Eun-Seok Seo, Kang-Seob Chang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(4): 361. CrossRef
Risk Factors of New Compression Fractures in Adjacent Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Myung-Ho Kim, Andrew S. Lee, Sang-Hyuk Min, Sung-Hyun Yoon
Asian Spine Journal.2011; 5(3): 180. CrossRef
The Effect of Adjacent Vertebral Body on Vertebroplasty for Compression Fracture
Yong-Chan Kim, Ho-Geun Chang, Kee-Byung Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 97. CrossRef
The Factors that Affect the Deformity Correction of Vertebral Body during Kyphoplasty of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Young-Do Koh, Jong-Seok Yoon, Sung-Il Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 57. CrossRef

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Bouquet Pin Intramedullary Nail Technique of the 5th Metacarpal Neck Fractures: Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Jong Pil Kim, Ju Hong Lee, Jin Won Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2007;20(1):64-69. Published online January 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2007.20.1.64

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate radiologic and clinical results of bouquet pin intramedullary nail technique for the 5th metacarpal neck fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between April, 2005 and February, 2006, 17 patients treated by bouquet pin intramedullary nail technique for the 5th metacarpal neck fracture were evaluated. All patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically after operation.
RESULTS
All of 17 cases of fractures were completely united. In the anteroposterior radiographs, the average of preoperative angulation was corrected from 34.4Â° to 5.2Â°. Also, in the oblique radiographs, radiographic results of angulation correction were satisfactory which was corrected from 44.2Â° to 11.7Â°. Although, the averages of difference between postoperative and final follow-up angulations were 1.5Â° in the anteroposterior radiographs and 0.9Â° in the oblique radiographs, they were not statistically different. All patients were excellent clinically except 1 patient who has moderate joint stiffness after operation.
CONCLUSION
Selecting of appropriate patients who is indicated, bouquet pin intramedullary nail technique for the 5th metacarpal neck fracture could be a good treatment method without complications.

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Percutaneous retrograde intramedullary single wire fixation for metacarpal shaft fracture of the little finger
Soo-Hong Han, Seung-Yong Rhee, Soon-Chul Lee, Seung-Chul Han, Yoon-Sik Cha
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology.2013; 23(8): 883. CrossRef
Treatment of 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture Using Percutaneous Transverse Fixation with K-Wires
Jae-Hak Jung, Kwan-Hee Lee, Yong-Ju Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Sung-Hyun Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 317. CrossRef
Antegrade Intramedullary Prebent K-wire Fixation for the 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture
Tae-Hyung Kim, Bo Hyeon Kim, In-Ho Jung, Dong-Hyun Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 67. CrossRef
Percutaneous Retrograde Intramedullary Pin Fixation for Isolated Metacarpal Shaft Fracture of the Little Finger
Soo Hong Han, Hyung Ku Yoon, Dong Eun Shin, Seung Chul Han, Young Woong Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(4): 367. CrossRef

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A Clinical Analysis of 260 Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Compression Fracture: Sang Hyuk Min, Myung Ho Kim, Hee Gon Park, Ho Dong Paik; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(3):357-362. Published online July 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.3.357

Abstract

PURPOSE
To evaluate retrospectively the results regarding pain relief, complication after percutaneous vertebroplasty, for an osteoporotic compression fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
260 patients (male 55, female 260, mean age 69.4 years old) treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty in Dankook University Hospital from July 1997 to July 2004 were reviewed. We performed percutaneous vertebroplasty and observed the degree of pain relief using pain scale pre-/postoperation. we evaluate the complication by plain radiographs and computed tomography, ABGA and chest X-ray. we evaluate pain relief and complication for 1 week by follow-up plain radiographs. we recommended BMD follow-up per 1 year and osteoporosis medication at least 2 years. A clinical result was evaluated as excellent, good, fair, poor and visual analogue scale (VAS 0~10) for 1 year. We prefaced a statistical analysis by T-test using SPSS (version 11.0) correlating 1 week and 1 years effects.
RESULTS
73 (28.3%) of the patients were evaluated as excellent: 123 (45.5%), as good: 45 (17.8%), as fair; and 23 (8.5%), as poor, show 73.8% over good in 1 week. 76 (29.3%) of the patients were evaluated as excellent; 120 (44.3%), as good; 43 (16.8%), as fair; and 25 (9.6%), as poor in 1 year, show 73.6% over good result. 1 week follow-up and 1 year follow-up show similar results. 1 patient had death (hemothorax), 4 patients had arrhythmia, 15 patients (21 vertebrae) had fracture around vertebroplasty.
CONCLUSION
Percutaneous vertebroplasty using PMMA is valuable method in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fracture, providing immediately pain relief, long term pain relief, prevention of complication originated from long term traction and bed rest, unwearing brace and early ambulation.

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Comparison of Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Early Vertebroplasty, and Delayed Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Se-Hyuk Im, Young-Joon Ahn, Bo-Kyu Yang, Seung-Rim Yi, Ye-Hyun Lee, Ji-Eun Kwon, Jong-Min Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2016; 23(3): 139. CrossRef
Large Pulmonary Embolus after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty - A Case Report -
Sang Ho Moon, Soo Won Lee, Byoung Ho Suh, Sung Hwan Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2009; 16(1): 46. CrossRef
Risk Factors of New Compression Fractures in Adjacent Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Myung-Ho Kim, Sang-Hyuk Min, Suk-Ha Jeon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(3): 260. CrossRef

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Treatment of Diaphyseal Fractures of Forearm Both Bones: Comparison between Plate Fixation and Rush Pin Intramedullary Nailing: Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Hong Geun Jung, Hee Gon Park, Woo Sup Byun, Ji Yong Chun, Suk Ha Jeon; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(2):215-220. Published online April 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.2.215

Abstract

PURPOSE
To compare the functional results between the plate fixation and Rush pin insertion for the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the forearm both bones.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 51 patients who were treated for diaphyseal fractures of the both forearm bones from 1995 to 2003, and evaluated them with Anderson's method. Eighteen patients were treated with plate fixation of both bones (group I), 14 patients treated with of the Rush pin insertion of the radius and plate fixation of the ulna (group II), 11 patients treated with plate fixation of the radius and Rush pin insertion of the ulna (group III), and 8 patients treated with Rush pin insertion of forearm both bones (group IV).
RESULTS
Seventeen out of eighteen cases obtained favorable result (94.4%) in group I, 12 out of 14 cases (85.7%) in group II, 7 out of 11 cases (63.3%) in group III, and 4 out of 8 cases (50.0%) in group IV with statistically significant differences between the groups (p=0.04).
CONCLUSION
Plate fixation of forearm both bones yield the best result. Thus, plate fixation of both forearm bones is recommended in treating the diaphyseal fractures of both forearm bones. At least one bone is recommended to be fixed with a plate if it is not possible to fix both forearm bones with plates.

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Shaft Fractures of Both Forearm Bones: The Outcomes of Surgical Treatment with Plating Only and Combined Plating and Intramedullary Nailing
Sang Bum Kim, Youn Moo Heo, Jin Woong Yi, Jung Bum Lee, Byoung Gu Lim
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2015; 7(3): 282. CrossRef
Treatment of Forearm Shaft Fracture with Modified Interlocking Intramedullary Nail
Kwang-Yul Kim, Moon-Sup Lim, Shin-Kwon Choi, Hyeong-Jo Yoon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 157. CrossRef

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Surgical Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Minimum of 2-year Follow-up: Myung Ho Kim, Hong Geun Jung, Joong Bae Seo, You Jin Kim, Je Wook Yu; J Korean Fract Soc 2006;19(2):201-207. Published online April 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2006.19.2.201

Abstract: PURPOSE
To evaluate the overall clinical features and postoperative functional results of the intra-articular calcaneal fractures at more than 2 years follow-up, and also to compare the results at postoperative 1 year with the results at more than 2-year follow-up.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study is based on 39 intra-articular calcaneal fractures (34 patients) that underwent surgical treatment from March 1997 to May 2002 with at least 2 years follow-up. The overall postoperative results were evaluated with Creighton-Nebraska functional scale. The comparison of results at postoperative 1 year was also performed with results at more than 2-year follow-up.
RESULTS
By Sanders classifications, there were 13 type II fractures (33.3%), 20 type III (51.3%), and 6 type IV fractures (15.4%). Average follow-up period was 35 months (range: 24~87 months) and at final follow-up of more than 2 years, Creighton-Nebraska score was average 76.0 (range: 30~100) which significantly improved from postoperative 1-year results of 67.1 (range: 22~95) (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The clinical outcome at more than 2 years after surgical treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures was quite promising, which significantly improved compared to 1-year results. Therefore, we concluded that functional results of calcaneal fractures should be evaluated at least 2 years after the treatment.

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Tension Band Fixation for Type II Fracture of the Distal Clavicle: Jin Young Park, Joong Bae Seo, Myung Ho Kim, Je Wook Yu; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(4):421-425. Published online October 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.4.421

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of the tension band wire fixation for type II distal clavicle fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty one patients with type II distal clavicle fractures were evaluated, who were operated with tension band fixation technique with sparing AC joint, from May 2000 to December 2003, and could be followed-up for more than 1 year after operation. Average age at injury is 40.7 years old (14~73). 13 cases were males and 8 were females. And 16 cases were classified as type IIa and 5 cases as type IIb. Judgement of union was based on plain x-ray and clinical finding and postoperative assessment was evaluated on ASES and Constant scoring system.
RESULTS
Outcomes in all patients showed more than good, average ASES score was 96.1 (88~98) and Constant score was 93.1 (82~100). Radiologic union was achieved at 11.7 (6~16) weeks postoperatively. One patient suffered from non union, and there was no other significant complications such as K-wire migrations, breakage, infection, and AC joint arthritis.
CONCLUSION
Tension band fixation technique for type II distal clavicle fracture seems to be a useful and effective method, which is relatively simple and provides rigid fixation without violating the AC joint.

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Comparison of Results of Tension Band Wire and Hook Plate in the Treatment of Unstable Fractures of the Distal Clavicle
Chul-Hyun Park, Oog-Jin Shon, Jae-Sung Seo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 55. CrossRef
Modified Spring Plate for Treatment of Unstable Distal Clavicle Fractures
Sang-Myung Lee, Il-Jung Park, Hyung-Min Kim, Jae-Chul Park, Sung-Gil Cho, Yoon-Chung Kim, Seung-Koo Rhee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 64. CrossRef

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Treatment of the Distal Femur Fracture with Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing: Moon Jib Yoo, Myung Ho Kim, Hee Gon Park, Woo Sup Byun, Ki Choul Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):238-243. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.238

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the results and complications of the retrograde intramedullary nailing for the treatment of distal femur fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty three patients who received retrograde IM nailing for fractures of the distal femur between October 1998 to December 2003. Average age was 53.8+/-17 (17~86) years. The average follow up period was 19.4 (12~36) months. Clinical information included age, sex distribution, associated fracture and fracture was classified by AO classification. Functional result was evaluated by Schatzker's criteria.
RESULTS
The most common cause of injury was traffic accident (60%). The type of fracture were 6 A1 cases, 5 A2 cases, 11 A3 cases, 5 C2 cases, 6 C3 cases by AO classification. Among the 33 cases, 15 cases were excellent, 9 good, 6 fair and 1 failure according to Schatzker's criteria. Average union time was 9.7+/-3.5 months.
CONCLUSION
Treatment of distal femur fracture with retrograde intramedullary nailing was useful due to its minimal invasiveness and early range of motion, more rigid fixation.

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Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing for Periprosthetic Supracondylar Fractures of the Femur after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Hyuk-Soo Han, Kyu-Won Oh, Seung-Baik Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2009; 1(4): 201. CrossRef
Retrograde Nailing for Supracondylar Fracture after Total Knee Replacement: The Compatibility of Femoral Implant with Supracondylar Nail
Moon-Jib Yoo, You-Jin Kim, Jin-Won Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 19. CrossRef
Midterm Results of Treatment with a Retrograde Nail for Periprosthetic Fractures of the Femur Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Kyung-Taek Kim, Jin-Hun Kang, Lih Wang, Jae-Sung Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 309. CrossRef

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Treatment of Tibial Plateau Fractures using Ilizarov Fixation (Schatzker Type IV, V, VI): Hee Gon Park, Moon Jib Yoo, Myung Ho Kim, Woo Sup Byun, Ji yong Chun; J Korean Fract Soc 2004;17(3):230-236. Published online July 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2004.17.3.230

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the effectiveness of Ilizarov fixation in tibial plateua fractures (Schatzker type IV, V, VI), the clinical and radiological results were analysed retrospectively.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of the tibial plateau fractures (Schatzker type IV, V, VI) which had been treated by using Ilizarov fixatrion method at Dankook university from June 1995 to June 2004, we clinically, radiologically analysed the 47 cases with follow-up study of a mean 38 months. Overall results which were evaluated according to Blokker's evaluation system.
RESULTS
The average start time of the range of motion excercise was 4.2 weeks, and the average start time of partial weight bearing was 4.6 weeks. Results which were evaluated according to Blokker's evaluation systems were "satisfactory" in 8 cases (80%) of the type IV fractures, in 9 cases of the type V fracures, and in 18 cases (69%) of the type VI. Overall results were "satisfactory" in 35 cases (74.4%), "unsatisfactory" in 12 cases (25.5%).
CONCLUSION
When use Ilizarov fixation in tibial plateau fracture (Schatzker type IV, V, VI), we have many advantages that the early start time of the range of motion, the early start time of weight bearing, the acceptable results of Blokker's evaluation system. Therefore, we conclude that Ilizarov fixation in tibial plateua fracure (Schatzker type IV, V, VI) is effective.

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Treatment of Shatzker Type VI Tibia Plateau Fracture Using Lateral and Posteromedial Dual Incision Approach and Dual Plating
In-Jung Chae, Sang-Won Park, Soon-Hyuck Lee, Won Noh, Ho-Joong Kim, Seung-Beom Hahn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(4): 252. CrossRef
Dual Plate Fixation Compared with Hybrid External Fixator Application for Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures
Jae-Sung Lee, Yong-Beom Park, Han-Jun Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 124. CrossRef

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Complications after Vertebroplasty of Treatment for Compression Fracture with Osteoporosis: Hee Gon Park, Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Sung Chul Lee, Jin Young Park, Woo Yeon Hwang, Jin Woo An; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(4):534-540. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.4.534

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the complications of percutaneous vertebroplasty using PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) in the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Authors reviewed 113 patients treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty from 1998 to 2001. After treatment, Simple x-ray and computed tomography were done of methods for analysis of complication, especially bone cement leakage.
RESULTS
In each case, we injected bone cement (PMMA) in one vertebra, average amount is 5.6 cc. The complications were 39 cases (34.5%): 1 case was dead by hemothorax, 1 case was arrhythmia, 12 cases were intercostals neuralgia, 7 cases were back pain, 2 cases were mild dyspnea, 14 cases were abdominal pain and 2 case were injection site pain. In follow-up x-ray and CT, bone cement (PMMA) leakage were 45 cases (39.8%).
CONCLUSION
Bone cement (PMMA) leakage can be cause of complications in vertebroplasty. We try to avoid the complication of bone cement leakage.

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A Review of Korean Medicine Treatment for Managing the Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Observational Study
Min-Jin Cho, Jiyun Lee, Myeong-Jong Lee, Hojun Kim, Kyungsun Han
Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.2023; 33(4): 109. CrossRef
Clinical and radiological outcomes of denosumab and teriparatide treatment in elderly patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture without vertebroplasty
Joo Young Jung, Byoung Hun Lee, Jong Young Lee, Hong Jun Jeon, Byung Moon Cho, Su Yeon Kim, Se Hyuck Park
Journal of Korean Society of Geriatric Neurosurgery.2021; 17(2): 69. CrossRef
A Retrospective Clinical Survey of Vertebral Compression Fractures
Ji Hye Oh, Yun Kyu Lee, Jae Soo Kim, Hyun Jong Lee, Sung Chul Lim
Journal of Acupuncture Research.2018; 35(4): 219. CrossRef
Survival Analysis of Conservative Treatement in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture
Young Do Koh, Jong-Oh Kim, Rag Gyu Kim, Dae Youn Kim, Nam-Ki Kim, Dong Jun Kim
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2012; 19(4): 138. CrossRef
Factor Analysis Affecting the Leakage of Bone Cement After Vertebroplasty
Jae-Hoon Kim, Kyung-Jin Song, Tai-Seung Kim, Jae-Lim Cho, Ye-Soo Park
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2010; 17(1): 13. CrossRef

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Surgical Treatment of Unstable Pelvic Bone Fracture Involving Sacroiliac Joint: Myung Ho Kim, Hee Gon Park, Moon jib Yoo, Jin Woo An; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(4):433-440. Published online October 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.4.433

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the results of surgical method using plate and screws in the treatment of unstable pelvic bone fracture involving Sacroiliac Joint.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Authors reviewed 21 patients treated by surgical method from 1998 to 2002. Mean follow-up period was 15 months (12~24 month). Male were 16 and female were 5. We used plate and screws in 18 cases, just screws in 3 cases. We classified the type of fracture by Tile's classification and evaluated the results with Moon's criteria that based on reduction state in simple x-ray and patient's subjective satisfaction.
RESULTS
We got the bony union in all cases. By Moon's criteria, 10 cases were good, 7 cases were fair and 4 cases were poor. In 17 cases (80.9%), we got the results over fair. Mean weight bearing exercise periods were 6.4 weeks. There were 2 infection and 2 sacroiliac arthritis after operation.
CONCLUSION
As a method of surgical treatment on unstable pelvic bone fracture involving sacroiliac joint, we recommend open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws and it may has particular advantages in early ambulation and satisfactory functional outcome.

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Operative Treatment of Displaced Acetabular Fractures: Prognostic Significance of Accurate Reduction: Hong Geun Jung, Jong Bum Lim, Myung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):713-723. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.713

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate the series of displaced acetabular fractures and also to verify that the accuracy of reduction is one of the important prognostic factors for good clinical outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study is based on retrospective review on 23 patients with displaced acetabular fractures who had undertaken open reduction and internal fixation during the period of June 1st, 1994 to December 31st, 1997. Follow up evaluation of the patients was done for average 25.1 months(15-45 months). According to Letournel and Judet classification, 15 of 23 hips hips were classified as elementary types and 8 hips as complex types. Average age at operation was 43.4(22-66years) years old. Twenty one of 23 fractures were caused by traffic accidents. Twenty of 23 hips were combined with hip dislocation, 18 of which were posterior type. Twenty-one of 23 hips were operated on by single operative approach (Kocher-Langenbeck or iliofemoral approach), while 2 cases were approached by anterior and posterior approach in one stage. Functional evaluations and Radiographic evaluations for the postoperative status of 34 patients were done with the criteria by Matta.
RESULTS
Overall clinical results for 14(60.9%) hips of total 23 hips were excellent or good. According to radiographic criteria, 13(56.5%) hips were classified as excellent or good. Postoperative hip joint congruity was found in 13(56.5%) hips, 11(84.6%) of which were included in good or excellent categories of clinical as well as radiographic results.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicated that for most displaced acetabular fractures, the good results with patient satisfaction can be achieved, if the hip joint were congruous post-operatively. Therefore the accuracy of reduction was verified as very important prognostic factor for good clinical and radiographic results.

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Muller Type C Intercondylar Fractures of Femur : Comparative Analysis by Surgical Approach: Hong Geun Jung, Myung Ho Kim, Moon Jib Yoo, Suk Joo Yoo, Sung Churl Lee, Jin Young Park, Sang Hyuk Min; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(1):64-73. Published online January 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.1.64

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to compare the functional results of Muller type C intercondylar fractures treated by 2 different surgical approaches : lateral and extensile approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study is based on 20 patients 21 knees of Muller type C intercondylar fractures. Two surgical approaches, i.e. 13 cases with lateral and 8 cases with extensile approach were used. The functional evaluation of results was done with criteria by Schatzker and Lambert. Excellent and good was grouped superior while fair and failure was grouped inferior.
RESULTS
Comparative analysis by surgical approach showed that among total 10 cases of C2 fractures, 6 cases(85.7%) of lateral approach and 2 cases(66.7%) of extensile approach were categorized in inferior group. Among the 8 cases in type C3 fractures, 3 cases treated surgically using the lateral approach showed fair and failure results and 3 cases(60%) of the remaining 5 cases using the extensile approach showed good results.
CONCLUSION
There was no significant result difference between lateral and extensile approach in type C2 fractures, but in C3 fracture, cases with extensile approach showed better results. Therefore the extensile approach should be recommended in C3 intercondylar fractures with intra-articular comminution.

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Treatment of Avulsion Fracture of posterior Cruciate Ligament from Tibial Attachment: Retrospective Study: Moon Jib Yoo, Suk Joo Lyu, Kwang Ho Jin, Myung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(3):607-613. Published online July 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.3.607

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
If PCL injury is not treated properly, it may result in progressive instability and functional disability, ultimately degenerative changes of the knee joint. So, we classified fracture type according to extent of displacement and comminution. We will investigate the result and prognosis of operative treatment, and fracture type, associated injuries, and fixation device affect the result. Finally we will ascertain the effectiveness of MRI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 15 patients were treated in our hospital during the period september 1995 to july 1998. All of them were male. 14 of the 15 patients were treated operatively and 1 patient conservatively. The follow-up period after operative treatment varied from 9 to 30 months.
RESULTS
The roentgenograms showed union in all patients. There was subjective satisfaction in 11 of 15 patients. According to the measurement using objective device(KT-2000), in 12 patients, posterior displacement of tibia was less than 2mm, and in 3 patients, less than 4mm. According to Lysholm and Gillquist scoring scale, 11 patients were excellent, 3 patients were good, and 1 patient was fair. The fracture type and fixation device exerts no effect on the results, while associated injury around the knee joint had significant effect on the results.
CONCLUSION
Firstly, In avulsion fracture of PCL from tibial attachment, we were able to obtain satisfactory result by operative treatment using the small curvilinear posterior incision. Secondly, By using MRI, we were able to classify the fracture type more exactly and also find associated soft tissue injuries on the traumatized knee joint. As a result, MRI was quite helpful in determining the treatment and prospection of prognosis. Thirdly, The type of device had no effects on the results, no need of removal of fixation devices. Finally, Fixation was made possible by small curvilinear skin incision.

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Operative Treatiment with Open Reduction and Heterogenous bone graft to the Acute Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneus Fractures: Moon Jib Yoo, Suk Joo Lyu, Sung Churl Lee, Hong Geun Jung, Soon Haeng Kwon, Jeong Wan Kim, Myung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(3):611-616. Published online July 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.3.611

Abstract PDF: The calcaneus is the most frequently fractured tarsal bone. Although there were many reports of treatment using variable methods, but no definite general agreement to the treatment method of the intra-articular calcaneus fracture. From May. 1995 to Apr. 1997, 14 displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus in 12 patients underwent open reduction and heterogenous bone graft (Lubboc, TRANSPHYTO S.A., France) at the Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dankook University Hospital The fractures were 13 joint depression type and 1 tongue type fractures according to the classification of Essex-Lopresti. The average follow-up was 20 months and clinical assessment underwent by Clinical Assessment Rating system of Hutchinson and Huebner; we got a satisfactory results for the treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneus fracture by open reduction and heterogenous bone graft. We didn't need harvesting autograft by use of heterogenous bone graft into bone defect site instead of autograft. Our purpose of using heterogenous bone were filling of defect and internal fixation. We used minimal skin incision and minimal internal fixation device, so reduced complications such as wound edge necrosis and peroneal entrapment caused by entensile appraoch. There were no posterior facet depression and decreased B hler angle for 1 year follow up.

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Results Following The Surgical Treatment of Acromioclavicular Joint dislocations; A Comparison of Phemister With Bosworth Operation: Jin young Park, Suk Joo Lyu, Ki Hyuk Moon, Myung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1998;11(1):8-15. Published online January 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1998.11.1.8

Abstract PDF: To compare the results the Bosworth with Phemister operation, we performed the Bosworth operation in 7 case and then Phemister operation in 9 case serially from 1994 to 1997 and followed them up postoperatively. The average follow-up was 19.2 months, with the longest being 32 months, and the shortest being 12 months. The extraarticular coracoclavicular fixation was done with a cancellous screw in Bosworth operation, the transarticular fixation with two or three Kirschner wires in Phemister operation and the coracoclavicular ligaments were sutured to all patient in phemister operation group. The average immobilization period 6.8 weeks(S.D.:1.0 weeks) in Bosworth operation, 6.5 weeks(S.D.:1.4 weeks) in Phemister operation. The cancellous screw or the Kirschner wires were removed in 12.6 weeks(S.D.:1.6 weeks) postoperatively in Bosworth operation, 11.8 weeks(S.D.:1.7 weeks) in Phemister operation and physiotheraphy was progressed to obtain the full range of motion. All of the patients were evaluated on a subjective(pain, night pain, medication. instability, activities of daily living), objective(range of motion) and roentgenographic(degree of displacement) basis at last follow-up. Shoulder function was assessed according to the shoulder score devised by the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons. The pain of Shoulder persisted remained in 1 case of Bosworth operation and in 3 cases of Phemister operation. The night pain around acromioclavicular joint was remained in 2 cases of Phemister operation. Average shoulder function index in Bosworth operation was 95 points and in Phemister operation 87 points. Average range of motion of Bosworth operation was 176degree (S.D.:9degree in forward elevation, 68degree(S.D.:11degree in external rotation, 88.6degree(S.D.:12degree in cross-rotation at 90degreeabduction, 22cm (S.D.:11cm) in cross-body adduction and T9 in internal rotation and Phemister operation 147degree(S.D. 18degree in forward elevation, 72degree S.D.:12degree in external body adduction and T8 in internal ratation. All of the patients were satisfied for results of operation. After surgery, loss of reduction was found in 3 of 7 in Bosworth operation and all of the patients were over 40 years and then conversions to Phemister operation was needed. According to short-term follow-up we prefer the transarticular Phemister method and Bosworth operation may be avoided in patients over 40 yeras old.

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Fracture of Clavicle Accompanied by Injury of Subclavian Artery, Hemothorax and Arterial Occlusion by fhrornboembolism: Treated by Intraarterial Thrombolytic Procedure: Sung Churl Lee, Moon Jib Yoo, Suk Joo Lyu, Jin Young Park, Myung Ho Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(4):885-888. Published online October 31, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.4.885

Abstract PDF: Although most fractures of the clavicle are usually treated by closed means and heal uneventfully, serious injuries may occur and a delay in treateng these injuries may be life-threatening. One of such serious associated injuries is vascular injury. In this report, we present an unusual case in which a fracture of the clavicle was accompanied by an injury of the subclavian artery, hemothorax and concommitant arterial occlusion of upper extremity by throboernbolism. Treatment included resection of the injured part of the artery with bypass graft, thromboembolectomy and fixation of the clavicle with a plate and screws. Thereafter, the patient had suffered from repeated episodes of thrornboembolism of the upper extremity, a compartment syrdrome and a metal failure. It is critical in a patient with a clavicular fracture that a careful examination of the entire upper extremity be performed, with particular emphasis on the neurovascualr status.

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