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Distal Humerus Fracture: How to Choose the Approach, Implant, Fixation and Rehabilitation
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Min Ho Lee, Young Ho Lee
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J Korean Fract Soc 2019;32(1):72-81. Published online January 31, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2019.32.1.72
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- Distal humerus fractures require stable fixation and early joint motion, similar to other intra-articular fractures, but are difficult to treat adequately because of the anatomical complexity, severe comminution, and accompanying osteoporosis. In most cases, surgical treatment is performed using two supporting plates. Plate fixation can be divided into right angle plate fixation and parallel plate fixation. In addition, depending on the type of fracture, surgical procedures can be performed differently, and autologous bone grafting can be required in the case of severe bone loss. The elbow joint is vulnerable to stiffness, so it is important to start joint movement early after surgery. Postoperative complications, such as nonunion, ulnar nerve compression, and heterotopic ossification, can occur. Therefore, accurate and rigid fixation and meticulous manipulation of soft tissues are required during surgery.
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Biomechanics of the Wrist
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Young Ho Shin, Young Ho Lee
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J Korean Fract Soc 2016;29(1):93-100. Published online January 31, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2016.29.1.93
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- The wrist joint is a complicated structure composed of many bones and ligaments. Therefore, understanding the anatomy and the biomechanics of the wrist is important in order to administer proper treatment for patients. To easily understand the complicated structure, there were many trials to unite the complicated structure with a simple group such as the carpal row concept and the carpal column concept. Movement and load transfer along the wrist joint occurs with balanced action between carpal bones. To evaluate this static equilibrium, measuring tools such as carpal height ratio are used. When wrist flexion/extension occurs, each carpal row moves synchronously with action of the scaphoid. In contrast with flexion/extension, when wrist radial deviation/ulnar deviation occurs, the proximal carpal row moves in the sagittal plane, instead of the coronal plane. Recently, the dart throwing motion which occurred from the position of dorsiflexion with radial deviation to volar flexion with ulnar deviation is considered the main movement of the wrist joint.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Fractal geometry in wrist biomechanics: A preliminary study with implications for arthroplasty and surgery
Lauren Gorelick, Amir Oron, Gil Gannot, Raphael Israeli Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation.2025; : 102203. CrossRef - Association between carpal height ratio and ulnar variance in normal wrist radiography
Anas AR Altamimi, Monther A. Gharaibeh, Muntaser Abu Shokor, Moh’d S. Dawod, Mohammad N. Alswerki, Omar M. Al-Odat, Raghda H. Elkhaldi BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Reliability and concurrent validity of a new iPhone® goniometric application for measuring active wrist range of motion: a cross‐sectional study in asymptomatic subjects
Mohammad Reza Pourahmadi, Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani, Javad Sarrafzadeh, Mehrdad Bahramian, Mohammad Ali Mohseni‐Bandpei, Fatemeh Rajabzadeh, Morteza Taghipour Journal of Anatomy.2017; 230(3): 484. CrossRef
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Double Parallel Plates Fixation for Distal Humerus Fractures
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Young Hak Roh, Moon Sang Chung, Goo Hyun Baek, Young Ho Lee, Hyuk Jin Lee, Joon Oh Lee, Kyu Won Oh, Hyun Sik Gong
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J Korean Fract Soc 2010;23(2):194-200. Published online April 30, 2010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2010.23.2.194
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The purpose of this study was to review the outcome of fixation of distal humerus fractures using recently-introduced double parallel plate system in sagittal plane. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 2004 to June 2008, seventeen patients with distal humerus fractures underwent primary open reduction and internal fixation with double parallel plates. According to the AO classification, there were 2 A3, 2 C1, 7 C2, and 6 C3 type fractures. Outcome assessment was performed by using the Mayo Elbow Performance index (MEPI). RESULTS At a mean follow up of 18 (range, 12 to 32) months, 4 patients were rated as excellent, 8 as good, and 5 as fair in terms of MEPI. The average arc of elbow flexion after primary operation was 116 (range, 90~140) degrees with a mean flexion contracture of 13 (range, 0 to 30) degrees. One patient required reoperation due to fixation failure and six patients underwent capsulolysis and three patients underwent ulnar nerve neurolysis. The time to begin elbow motion exercise had negative correlation with total elbow range of motion and multiple trauma patients had significantly lower MEPI functional score compared to those without combined injury. CONCLUSION Double parallel plating allowed adequate fixation for distal humerus fractures regardless of patient age and fracture pattern. Partial ankylosis and unlar nerve compression symptoms were the main causes of reoperation.
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Internal Fixation of Clavicle Lateral and Fracture with Mini T-plate
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Byung Woo Ahn, Jong Ho Yoon, Chong Kwan Kim, Sung Won Chung, Young Il Kwan, Young Ho Lee, Chan Wan Park
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J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(4):410-414. Published online October 31, 2005
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.4.410
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To evaluate the effectiveness of a mini T-plate fixation in clavicle lateral end fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed eleven cases of calvicle lateral end fracture which were treated with open reduction and internal fixion with mini T-plate from May 2000 to December 2004. The follow up period was 12 months minimum. The radiologic result, pain and shoulder function were evaluated by the ASES shoulder score. RESULTS All cases showed satisfactory results. Seven cases (63%) were excellent, and four (37%) cases were good. There were no fair or poor results. All cases showed radiologic union by the fifteenth week. No complications such as metal breakage, limited motion, infections were seen. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that using a mini T-plate fixation which is easy and induces no injury of acromiocalvicular joint, contributes to provide stable fixation in clavicle lateral end fractures.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Tension Band Wiring for Distal Clavicle Fracture: Radiologic Analysis and Clinical Outcome
Seong Cheol Moon, Chul Hee Lee, Jong Hoon Baek, Nam Su Cho, Yong Girl Rhee Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(2): 127. CrossRef - The Surgical Outcomes of Clavicle Lateral End Fractures Fixed with the Oblique T Locking Compession Plate
Seung-Oh Nam, Young-Soo Byun, Dong-Ju Shin, Jung-Hoon Shin, Chung-Yeol Lee, Tae-Gyun Kim Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 41. CrossRef - Comparison of Results of Tension Band Wire and Hook Plate in the Treatment of Unstable Fractures of the Distal Clavicle
Chul-Hyun Park, Oog-Jin Shon, Jae-Sung Seo Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 55. CrossRef
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Effect of Alternative Splinting at Extension and 90degrees Flexion on Range of Motion after Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Femur Fracture
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Chong Kwan Kim, Jong Ho Yoon, Byung Woo Ahn, Chin Woo Jin, Dong Wook Kim, Young Il Kwan, Young Ho Lee
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J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(2):144-148. Published online April 30, 2005
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.2.144
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To evaluate the usefulness of early range of motion exercise by using 90degrees knee flexion splint after open reduction and internal fixation in fracture of distal femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed twenty-six cases of distal femur fractures which were treated with open reduction and internal fixation from February 2002 to November 2003. One group (group A) were treated by using 30degrees knee flexion splint, the other group (group B) were treated by using 90degrees flexion and full extension splint alternativley by post-operative 1 week. The follow up period was minimally 12 months. The range of motion and Schatzker and Lambert criteria were evaluated. RESULTS The mean period to gain 90degrees knee flexion was 11.4 (7~14) weeks in group A, and 6.6 (3~8) weeks in group B. Mean range of motion was 94.7degrees (average flexion contracture 9.5degrees ) in A group and 108.7degrees (average flexion contracture 6.3degrees ) in B group at 12 weeks follow-up. According to Schatzker and Lambert criteria, excellent result was achieved in 10 cases (38%), good result in 13 cases (50%), fair result in 3 cases (12%). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that alternative splinting at extension and 90degrees flexion contribute to early recovery of range of motion in distal femur fractures treated with internal fixation.
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Citations
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- Treatment of Femur Supracondylar Fracture with Locking Compression Plate
Seong Ho Bae, Seung Han Cha, Jeung Tak Suh Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 282. CrossRef
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Femur Neck Fracture during Closed Nailing of Femur Shaft Fracture
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Keun Woe Kim, Ui Seong Yoon, Yong Hoon Kim, Hak Jin Min, Jin Sup Yeom, Young Ho Lee
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J Korean Soc Fract 1996;9(4):936-942. Published online October 31, 1996
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1996.9.4.936
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- Closed intramedullary nailing has become increasingly popular in the management of fractures of the femur because of a high rate of union, a low rate of infection, and excellent return of function. But it requires good availability of equipment and surgeons skill and experience.
Iatrogenic femur neck fracture can occur as a complication of closed intramedullary nailing of femur shaft fracture. The authors report five cases of this complication and analyze these five cases in the viewpoint of causal technical errors and suggest some technical points to avoid this complication.
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Citations
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- Some Series of Honey-Comb Spaces
Elena Barbieri, Alberto Cavicchioli, Fulvia Spaggiari Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics.2009;[Epub] CrossRef
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The 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture Treated by Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Intramedullary K-wire Fixation
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Soo Joong Choi, Young Ho Lee, Ho Guen Chang, Chang Ju Lee, Won Ho Cho
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J Korean Soc Fract 1995;8(3):696-704. Published online July 31, 1995
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1995.8.3.696
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- The fifth metacarpal neck fractures are unstable and often heals with angulation and deformity. So, after closed reduction and immobilization with splint or cast, they have often been lost reduction and healed with posterior angulation and cosmetic deformity. We conducted a prospective study of 11 patients who underwent percutaneous retrograde intramedullay K-wire fixation for a fracture of the neck of the fifth metacarpal during four years period.
We used a closed reduction technique derived from Jahss maneuver or three point fixation maneuver. And, the fracture was maintained with two cross or parallel smooth intramedullary K-wire. The proximal side of K-wire was placed back wound side near the wrist joint. The last follow up (postoperative 14±2 weeks) radiographic results were dorsal angualtion 7±4 , corresponded to preoperative 48±7 , and immediately postoperative 6±4 The complications such as limitation of movement, increase of dorsal angulation, rotational malalignment, shortening, and depression of the head of metacarpal were not occurred. Rotational deformity was always well controlled. Correction of angulation was good and K-wire insertion and fixation technique were easy. We recommend this technique in case of over 40 dorsal angulation of fracture site due to absence of contact between the palmar fractured ends, and patients who dont accept the cosmetic deformity or want early exercise.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Combined Intramedullary Pinning with K-Wires Pinning in the Treatment of Fifth Metacarpal Neck Fractures versus Conventional Techniques—K-Wires Pinning and Intramedullary Pinning
Dong-Eun Kim, Tong-Joo Lee, Yeop Na, Ye-Geon Noh Medicina.2023; 59(11): 1944. CrossRef - Modified Bouquet Technique for Treatment of Metacarpal Neck Fractures
Yong-Gyu Sung, Seok-Whan Song, Yoon-Min Lee Journal of the Korean Society for Surgery of the Hand.2016; 21(3): 137. CrossRef - Treatment of 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture Using Percutaneous Transverse Fixation with K-Wires
Jae-Hak Jung, Kwan-Hee Lee, Yong-Ju Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Sung-Hyun Choi Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 317. CrossRef - Treatment of Metacarpal Fractures using Transverse Kirschner-wire Fixation
Nam Yong Choi, Hyun Seok Song The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2007; 42(5): 608. CrossRef - Bouquet Pin Intramedullary Nail Technique of the 5th Metacarpal Neck Fractures
Myung-Ho Kim, Moon-Jib Yoo, Jong-Pil Kim, Ju-Hong Lee, Jin-Won Lee Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 64. CrossRef
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