Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

The Compression Hip Screw with Trochanter Stabilizing Plate for Internal Fixation of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures: Jin Ho Cho; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):221-226. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.221

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate trochanter stabilizing plate and compression hip screw can prevent excessive impaction and cutting-out in unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred twenty-one patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated between December 1999 and March 2002. Of the patients, twenty-four patients were treated with an additional TSP on the CHS. Nineteen patients were followed for more than six months. The fractures were classified according to the AO classification. Impactions of compression lag screw were measured immediate postoperatively and postoperatively three months later on simple radiographs. Functional results were followed Salvati-Wilson assessment score at postoperative six months later.
RESULTS
The group consisted of seven men and twelve women, and the mean age was 73 years. Two were classified as A2.2, six A2.3, one A3.2, and ten A3.3 fractures. Mean impaction was 5.4 mm (range 1.8 to 11.4 mm). Functional results were excellent in 32% and good in 53%. Eighteen patients had healed after operation. One complication required a bipolar hemiarthroplasty due to cutting-out of lag screw.
CONCLUSION
In three-part and four-part intertrochanteric fractures with lateral cortex breakage or vertical fracture in greater trochanter, the addition of TSP to CHS can prevent abductor muscle weakness due to fracture impaction, limb shortening and additional lateral cortical fracture. It also helps early weight bearing and bone healing.

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Value of Preoperative Bone Scan in Evaluation of Femur Shaft Fracture: Young Jin Seo, Soon eok Kwon, Jun Dong Chang; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):227-231. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.227

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the availability of bone scan as a preoperative study by analyzing patients who developed ipsilateral femoral neck fractures during intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Among 28 patients who conducted preoperative bone scan before performing intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures, three patients developed femoral neck fractures during the operation. We analyzed retrospectively the result of bone scan including clinical and radiological findings of three patients.
RESULTS
Among 28 patients, 7 showed hot uptake in femoral neck area compared to the unaffected side in preoperative bone scan; All 3 patients who developed femoral neck fractures during the operaion showed hot uptakein the area. Among 7 patients who showed hot uptake, there were no abnormalities in plain radiograph and computerized tomography of femoral neck area.
CONCLUSION
The risk of femoral neck fracture should be considered during the intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fracture, if there was hot uptake in femoral neck area in preoperative bone scan.

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Results of Operative Treatment of Distal Femoral Fracture: Sung Soo Kim, Sung Keun Sohn, Kyung Taek Kim, Kyu Yeol Lee, Chul Hong Kim, Myung Jin Lee, Hyung Seo Jang, Il Kwon Jung; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):232-237. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.232

PURPOSE
To evaluate the result of comparative study about the cases in the fracture of the distal femur treated with plate and screw, dynamic condylar screw, blade plate, retrograde intramedullary nail and external fixator.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The AO classification system was used. 84 cases who were preformed operation during the period from March 1996 to May 2002, were included in this study. The mean duration of follow-up was 25 months. According to Sachatzker criteria, we classified the following results to excellent, good, fair and poor.
RESULTS
Type A were excellent or good result when treated with plate and screw, dynamic condylar screw and retrograde intramedullary nail. Type B were excellent or good result when treated with cannulated screw. Type C were excellent or good result when treated with plate and screw and blade plate.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that the most important thing in operation is firmly internal fixation and to obtain this, accurately anatomical reduction and the choice of suitable instrument for the type of the fracture are needed. cannulated screw. Type C were excellent or good result when treated with plate and screw and blade plate.

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Comparison of Results of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis according to Types of Locking Plate in Distal Femoral Fractures
Oog Jin Shon, Moon Soo Kwon, Chul Hyun Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(4): 269. CrossRef

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Treatment of the Distal Femur Fracture with Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing: Moon Jib Yoo, Myung Ho Kim, Hee Gon Park, Woo Sup Byun, Ki Choul Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):238-243. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.238

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the results and complications of the retrograde intramedullary nailing for the treatment of distal femur fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty three patients who received retrograde IM nailing for fractures of the distal femur between October 1998 to December 2003. Average age was 53.8+/-17 (17~86) years. The average follow up period was 19.4 (12~36) months. Clinical information included age, sex distribution, associated fracture and fracture was classified by AO classification. Functional result was evaluated by Schatzker's criteria.
RESULTS
The most common cause of injury was traffic accident (60%). The type of fracture were 6 A1 cases, 5 A2 cases, 11 A3 cases, 5 C2 cases, 6 C3 cases by AO classification. Among the 33 cases, 15 cases were excellent, 9 good, 6 fair and 1 failure according to Schatzker's criteria. Average union time was 9.7+/-3.5 months.
CONCLUSION
Treatment of distal femur fracture with retrograde intramedullary nailing was useful due to its minimal invasiveness and early range of motion, more rigid fixation.

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Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing for Periprosthetic Supracondylar Fractures of the Femur after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Hyuk-Soo Han, Kyu-Won Oh, Seung-Baik Kang
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery.2009; 1(4): 201. CrossRef
Retrograde Nailing for Supracondylar Fracture after Total Knee Replacement: The Compatibility of Femoral Implant with Supracondylar Nail
Moon-Jib Yoo, You-Jin Kim, Jin-Won Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(1): 19. CrossRef
Midterm Results of Treatment with a Retrograde Nail for Periprosthetic Fractures of the Femur Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Kyung-Taek Kim, Jin-Hun Kang, Lih Wang, Jae-Sung Hwang
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 309. CrossRef

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A Skeletal Traction on the Radiolucent Table in Closed Intramedullary nailing of Femoral Fracture: Eun Woo Lee, Han Jun Lee, Kee Hyun Lee, Ho Sun Jin; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):244-249. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.244

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical results of femoral shaft fracture treated by Intramedullary (IM) nailing through skeletal traction compared with manual traction on a radiolucent table.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty cases with femoral shaft fracture treated with closed IM nailing from January 2000 to June 2002 were divided into two groups; fifteen fractures reduced by manual traction (Group A) and fifteen fractures reduced by skeletal traction (Group B) on a radiolucent table. The number of people participated in the operations, operation and radiation exposure time, and post-operative complications were evaluated.
RESULTS
The number of people participated in the operations was five in Group A and four in Group B. The average operation time was 116 minutes and 82 minutes (p<0.001). The radiation exposure time was 2.8 minutes and 1.2 minutes (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the post-operative complications such as shortening or lengthening of bone between two groups.
CONCLUSION
There was no significant difference in the operative outcome between two groups. However, skeletal traction has positive effects of reducing the operation time, radiation exposure time, and number of people participating in the operations. Also, regarding the consistent traction power, skeletal traction is the better treatment modality in maintaining the alignment and length of femoral bone than manual traction.

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Double Plating of Proximal Tibial Fractures Using Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Osteosynthesis Technique: Chang Wug Oh, Jong Keon Oh, In Ho Jeon, Hee Soo Kyung, Il Hyung Park, Byung Chul Park, Woo Kie Min, Ji Ho Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):250-255. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.250

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the results and its efficacy of double plating for proximal tibial fractures using minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. MATERIAL & METHODS: Twenty-three fractures, followed-up more than 1 year, were included in this retrospective study. There were 18 men and 5 women, and the mean age was 53.5 years-old. According to the AO-OTA classification, five were 41A, 13 were 41C, and 5 were 42. There were four open fractures (grade I- three, grade III A-one case). The plates were fixed on the medial and lateral sides of tibia with MIPO technique. Functional and radiographic results were evaluated by the modified Rasmussen system.
RESULTS
All fractures healed without bone graft, and the mean period for fracture healing was 19.3 weeks (range, 10~32 weeks). All other patients had excellent or good clinical or radiological results, except for two patients of a fair clinical result after a combined injury. Complications included one case of shortening (1 cm) and two cases of mal-alignments (varus less than 10 degrees). There was one case of superficial infection, but no patient showed deep infection.
CONCLUSION
Double plating using MIPO technique can provide favorable results in the treatment of proximal tibial fractures.

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Medial Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in Proximal Tibial Comminuted Fractures
Jae-Ang Sim, Kwang-Hui Kim, Yong-Seuk Lee, Sang-Jin Lee, Beom-Koo Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 278. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Proximal Tibial Shaft Fracture
Young-Soo Byun, Ki-Chul Park, Hyun-Jong Bong, Chang-Hoon Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 23. CrossRef
Treatment of Proximal Tibia Fractures Using LCP by MIPO Technique
Sang-Ho Ha, Dong-Hui Kim, Jun-Young Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(1): 34. CrossRef
Staged Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Proximal Tibial Fracture
Joon-Woo Kim, Chang-Wug Oh, Jong-Keon Oh, Hee-Soo Kyung, Woo-Kie Min, Byung-Chul Park, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Hee-Joon Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(1): 6. CrossRef

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Outcomes Related to Closed Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing for Segmental Tibia Fracture: Jeung Tak Suh, Sang Jin Cheon, Young Gyun Kim, Jung Sub Lee, Choon Key Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):256-263. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.256

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcomes of twenty-six cases of segmental tibia fracture that were treated by closed interlocking intramedullary nailing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All cases were followed up for at least 1 year (average 14.3 months). Clinical results were evaluated by Klemm & Borner's scale. We analyzed the average range of the motion of the ankle and knee joint, atrophy of quadriceps muscle and angular deformity at the last follow up. We evaluated complications (new fracture of the tibia, infection, compartment syndrome, nonunion, delayed union, angular deformity and pain of ankle and knee joint).
RESULTS
Results were excellent in 4 cases (15.4%), good in 18 cases (69.2%), fair in 3 cases (11.5%), and poor in 1 case (3.9%). Union was obtained in 25 cases (96.1%) over an average period of 23.3 weeks. Nine cases showed intra-operative or post-operative complications: new fracture of the proximal tibia on the posteromedial side (2 cases), local infection at an entry point (2 cases), compartment syndrome (1 case), deep infection (1 case), and delayed union (3 cases). At the last follow up, angular deformity was found in 4 cases (mean of all deformities, 6 degrees): 3 cases at the proximal fracture site (2 cases of valgus deformity: 5 and 8 degrees and 1 case of varus deformity: 7 degrees) and the other case in the distal fracture site (valgus 5 degrees). Average postoperative range of motion of the knee joint was 123.7 degrees (80~135 degrees). Knee pain or limited motion occurred in 4 cases. The average range of the motion of the ankle joint was 68.1 degrees (60~70 degrees). Limited motion occurred in 4 cases (average, 10 degrees) but no case showed ankle pain.
CONCLUSION
Closed interlocking intramedullary nailing for segmental tibia fracture often results in complications. To minimize these complications, comprehensive evaluation of the fracture, and careful surgical treatment are required.

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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fracture: Ki Chul Park, Ye Soo Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):264-268. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.264

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and advantages of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique as a new treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nineteen distal tibial metaphyseal fractures were treated by MIPO technique and evaluated radiologically and functionally. A mean age was 46 years old (range 20~69 years) and a mean follow-up was 15 months (range 6~37 months). Sixteen fractures were not extended into ankle joint (AO/OTA type A1;4, A2;8, A3;4) and three fractures were extended into ankle joint (AO/OTA type C1;2, C2;1). Two cases were open fractures (type I;1, type III-A;1) according to the Gustilo-Anderson classification.
RESULT
At a mean of 18 weeks (range 12 to 24), all fractures united without secondary procedures. A mean score was 94.2 point by Baird ankle scoring system. There were no complications including shortening over 1 cm, mal-alignment over 5 degrees, deep infection, or implant failure.
CONCLUSION
MIPO technique of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is a worthwhile method with good unions and functional recovery.

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Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
A Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chul-Hyun Park, Chi-Bum Choi, Bum-Jin Shim, Dong-Chul Lee, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2014; 49(4): 285. CrossRef
Analysis of the Result Treated with Locking Compression Plate-Distal Tibia and Zimmer Periarticular Locking Plate in Distal Tibia Fracture
Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Sung-Won Cho, Sung-Hae Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(2): 118. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures
Gwang Chul Lee, Jun Young Lee, Sang Ho Ha, Hong Moon Sohn, Yi Kyu Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 20. CrossRef
Clinical Outcomes of Locking Compression Plate Fixation through Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in the Treatment of Distal Tibia Fracture
Jae-Sung Yoo, Hyun-Woo Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(2): 117. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis with Locking Compression Plate for Distal Tibia Fractures
Sung-Kyu Kim, Keun-Bae Lee, Keun-Young Lim, Eun-Sun Moon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 33. CrossRef
Management of Fractures of Distal Tibia by Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis through an Anterior Approach
Gu-Hee Jung, Jae-Do Kim, Jae-Ho Jang, Sung-Keun Heo, Dong-won Lee
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2010; 45(6): 473. CrossRef
Comparative Study Using of Treatment with Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate and Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Chang Hwa Hong, Jong Seok Park, Sang Seon Lee, Soo Ik Awe, Woo Jong Kim, Ki Jin Jung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2010; 23(3): 296. CrossRef
A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis & Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Kee-Byung Lee, Si-Young Song, Duek-Joo Kwon, Yong-Beom Lee, Nam-Kyou Rhee, Jun-Ha Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 286. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis Using Periarticular Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures
Young Mo Kim, Jae Hoon Yang, Dong Kyu Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 315. CrossRef
Treatment of High-energy Distal Tibia Intraarticular Fractures with Two-staged Delayed Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis
Hong-Moon Sohn, Jun-Young Lee, Sang-Ho Ha, Jae-Won You, Sang-Hong Lee, Kwang-Chul Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 19. CrossRef

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Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibial Metaphyseal Fractures: Young Sung Kim, Phil Hyun Chung, Chung Soo Hwang, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Ho Min Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):269-274. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.269

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate and compare the outcome in fracture of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures involving ankle joint and not involving the ankle joint treated by interlocking imtramedullary nailing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty six cases of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures treated by interlocking intramedullary nailing whom were able to follow up for more one year were selected and 10 cases involved ankle joint and the rest 16 cases did not. In all cases, more than 2 distal locking screws were inserted after reaming for the nailing, and cannulated screws or K-wires fixation were inserted for 8 cases of fractures involving ankle joint out of 10. We analyzed preoperative fracture type, union time, function of joint, and complications at final follow up.
RESULTS
According to Robinson's classification for distal tibial metaphyseal fractures, there were 9 cases of type I, 7 of 2A, 4 of 2B, 6 of 2C. Union time taken for distal tibial fractures involving ankle were average of 17 weeks (12~20 weeks) and for the fractures not involving ankle joint were average of 19 weeks (12~28 weeks). Klemm and Borner's functional evaluation showed above good in 8 cases (80%) of fracture involving ankle joint and 13 cases (81%) of fracture not involving the ankle joint, and functional evaluation did not show significant differences as well as the complication rate in both group.
CONCLUSION
Interlocking intramedullary nailing is one of the effective methods for treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture involving articular surface of the ankle.

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Treatment of Distal Tibial Spiral Fractures Combined with Posterior Malleolar Fractures
Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Jong Pil Kim, Phil Hyun Chung, Soon Young Park
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2021; 56(4): 317. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis and Intramedullary Nailing in the Treatment of the Distal Tibia Fractures
Ho-Min Lee, Young-Sung Kim, Jong-Pil Kim, Phil-Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Kaung Suk Jo
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2018; 31(3): 94. CrossRef
Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Tibial Fractures with Percutaneous Reduction by Pointed Reduction Forceps
Jae-Kwang Hwang, Chung-Hwan Kim, Young-Joon Choi, Gi-Won Lee, Hyun-Il Lee, Tae-Kyung Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(2): 144. CrossRef
Comparative Study of Intramedullary Nailing and Plate for Metaphyseal Fractures of the Distal Tibia
Hoon Jeong, Jae-Doo Yoo, Young-Do Koh, Hoon-Sang Sohn
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(2): 154. CrossRef

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Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in the Distal Metaphyseal Fractures of the Tibia: Sang Jun Song, Duck Yun Cho, Hyung Ku Yoon, Dong Eun Shin, Jae Hwa Kim, Tae Hyung Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):275-280. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.275

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of interlocking intramedullary nailing for the distal metaphyseal fractures of the tibia and to identify the usefulness of the interlocking intramedullary nailing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty four patients who underwent interlocking intramedullary nailing for distal metaphyseal fractures of the tibia were reviewed with a follow-up period of more than 2 years. Clinical result was assessed using the Olerud score and this score was marked as percentage of prefracture state. Radiographic results were assessed with varus-valgus angle, anterior-posterior angle, and bone union time. We checked the cases of complication and need for additional surgery after interlocking intramedullary nailing.
RESULTS
Clinically, Olerud score averaged 92.1% (76~100%). Radiographically, average varus-valgus angle was 1.6+/-2.9 degrees and average antero-posterior angle was 0.8+/-3.3 degrees. Bone union time averaged 18.7 weeks. As complications, there were one deep infection and two breakages of distal interlocking screw. In additional surgery, there were 1 debridement and soft tissue flap, and one dynamization of nail at postoperative 12 weeks.
CONCLUSION
Interlocking intramedullary nailing is one of safe and reliable method for distal metaphyseal fractures of the tibia, considering less soft tissue injury, possibility of early range of motion exercise, high bone union rate, and low complications rate.

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A Comparison between Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis & Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Distal Tibia Fractures
Kee-Byung Lee, Si-Young Song, Duek-Joo Kwon, Yong-Beom Lee, Nam-Kyou Rhee, Jun-Ha Choi
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(4): 286. CrossRef

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The Necessity of Deltoid Ligament Repair in Lateral Malleolar Fracture Combined with Medial Clear Space Widening: Bo Kyu Yang, Sung Ho Hahn, Seung Rim Yi, Young Joon Ahn, Jae Ho Yoo, Min Seok Kim, Byung June Chung; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):281-285. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.281

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the necessity of deltoid ligament repair in lateral malleolar fracture associated with medial clear space widening.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The 82 cases of 82 patients received surgical treatment for lateral malleolar fracture with medial clear space widening in our hospital from Jan. 1996 to Feb. 2002. 73 male and 9 female patients were included respectively. Average follow-up period was 13.2 month (12~50). The methods of internal fixation of lateral malleolar fracture were 66 cases by cortical screw, 16 by plate and screws, and 9 by transfixing screw.
RESULTS
Satisfactory reduction was obtained in 65 of 73 cases by only internal fixation of lateral malleolar fracture. Transfixing screw was needed in 8 cases. There was no need for repair of deltoid ligament. In clinical evaluation, no cases of limitation of movement in ankle was seen at final follow-up time. In radiologic evaluation, average medial clear space widening before operation was 5.89 mm (4.5~13 mm) and that of last follow-up time was 2.54 mm (1.5~3.5 mm). 95.2% was above good result.
CONCLUSION
In treatment of unstable lateral malleolar fracture associated with medial clear space widening due to rupture of deltoid ligament, we obtained satisfactory result by accurate anatomical reduction or internal fixation. In these cases, there were no need for repair of deltoid ligament.

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Treatment of Lateral Malleolar Fractures using Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis Technique: Dong Joon Kim, Byoung Ho Suh, Jin Woo Kwon, Gyu Min Kong, Sang Ho Moon, Jong Moon Bae; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):286-290. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.286

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy and complication of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique for lateral malleolar fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 2001 to December 2003, we had treated 13 cases of lateral malleolar fracture (AO-OTA classification, type A: 4, type B: 9) by MIPO technique and followed them up more than 1 year. Operation time, union time, radiologic alignment, range of motion of the ankle joint, functional results according to criteria of Meyer and complication were evaluated.
RESULTS
After the final follow-up, all the fractures were healed without any second procedure, full-weight bearing ambulation was started in average 10 weeks. Any malunion was not observed by the inadequate bending of plate. Two patients felt a discomfort of ankle because the location of plate was lower than the tip of the lateral malleolus, but all the patients had excellent or satisfactory ankle functions. No deep infection or soft tissue compromise were observed at the last follow up.
CONCLUSION
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis technique is safe and worthwhile method in management of lateral malleous fractures while avoiding the complications associated with conventional open plating methods.

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Percutaneous Plating of Weber B Fibular Fractures
Amol Saxena, Andrew Yun
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery.2017; 56(2): 366. CrossRef
Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for ankle fractures: a prospective observational cohort study
Robinson Esteves Santos Pires, Cyril Mauffrey, Marco Antônio Percope de Andrade, Leonardo Brandão Figueiredo, Vincenzo Giordano, João Carlos Belloti, Fernando Baldy dos Reis
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology.2014; 24(7): 1297. CrossRef

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Nonoperative Treatment of Isolated Lateral Malleolar Fracture: Woo Chun Lee, Jong Ho Ahn; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):291-293. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.291

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the results of conservative treatment for isolated lateral malleolus fracture without medial ankle injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From March 1999 to February 2003, 25 ankles in 25 patients were treated for isolated lateral malleolus fracture and followed for more than one year. Mean age was 46.9 years (range, 20~71 years). Cases without any swelling or tenderness on the deltoid area, or cases with minimal pain, swelling or tenderness on the deltoid area and medial clear space 1 mm or less on stress radiograph were included for the study. Immediate weight bearing was allowed with below-knee cast immobilization in all cases.
RESULTS
All were supinatin-external rotation stage II injury and mean duration of cast immobilization was 6.3+/-1.6 weeks after injury. There was no case which showed widening of medial clear space during routine radiographic follow-up. There was no change in the degree of displacement in spite of immediate weight bearing with short leg cast on.
CONCLUSION
Because the lateral malleolus fracture without medial injury can be managed nonoperatively, we need to differentiate this type of fracture to avoid unnecessary surgery, and for early return to normal daily activity.

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Posterior Plating in Distal Fibular Fracture
Choong-Hyeok Choi, Young-A Cho, Jae-Hoon Kim, Il-Hoon Sung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(2): 161. CrossRef

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Nonunion of the Humerus Shaft: Tae Seok Nam, Ji Won Choi, Ju Hyun Kim, Soung Yon Kim, Jung Jae Kim, Jae Myeung Chun; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):294-298. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.294

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the cause and treatment results of nonunion of humerus shaft fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
39 cases were treated for humerus shaft nonunion between February 1990 and May 2002. The presence of open wounds, initial treatment modality after injury, treatment method for the nonunion and time to union were studied using medical records. The fracture type and appropriateness and problems of the initial surgical treatment were reviewed. Also, Pain and functional recovery in daily living were evaluated in the outpatient clinic, after surgery for nonunion.
RESULTS
Amongst the 30 cases, transverse fracture was the most common with 19cases. Most of 29 cases, initially surgically treated, revealed incorrect selection of the internal fixator or technical errors. For surgical treatment of nonunion, open reduction and internal fixation with cancellous bone graft was performed, most commonly, in 36 cases (92.3%). All cases showed clinical and radiographic union at an average of 13.3 weeks. More than 90% of the patients replied minimal pain and excellent functional recovery of daily living at final follow-up.
CONCLUSION
If treated with surgery by correct selection of internal fixation methods and accurate technical skills, nonunion incidence can be reduced.

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Comparing the Use of Single and Double Interlocking Distal Screws on a Polarus Intramedullary Nail for Humeral Shaft Fractures
Hee Seok Yang, Jeong Woo Kim, Hong Je Kang, Jung Hyun Park, Yong Chan Lee, Kwang Mee Kim
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow.2015; 18(2): 91. CrossRef
Clinical and Radiographical Follow-up for Residual Displacement of Fracture Fragments after Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing in Humeral Shaft Fractures
Jae-Kwang Yum, Dong-Ju Lim, Eui-Yub Jung, Su-Een Sohn
The Journal of the Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society.2013; 16(2): 107. CrossRef
The Fate of Butterfly Fragments in Extremity Shaft Comminuted Fractures Treated with Closed Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing
Ki-Chan An, Yoon-Jun Kim, Jang-Suk Choi, Seung Suk Seo, Hi-Chul Gwak, Dae-Won Jung, Dong-Woo Jeong
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2012; 25(1): 46. CrossRef

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Treatment of Periarticular Fracture of Elbow with Hinged External Fixator: Hyun Dae Shin, Kwang Jin Rhee, Kyung Cheon Kim, Chang Hwa Hong, Yong Bum Joo; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):299-303. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.299

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the result of the treatment with external fixator and early ROM exercise to prevent the stiffness and contracture of the elbow in unstable elbow injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From Jan. 1997 to Dec. 2001, ten patients of unstable elbow injury treated with hinged external fixator and early ROM exercise were evaluated. The age was average 37 years. The patients were followed at least 1 years and motorcycle injury (4 cases) was most common. Nine cases were comminuted fractures and one case was fractures with dislocation. We estimated the result of the treatment with Mayo elbow performance index.
RESULTS
ROM exercise started in average 2 days after operation. Two cases were treated by ilizarov and eight cases treated by elbow distracter modified by the author. The result of the treatment was estimated as following: excellent in two, good in three cases, fair in eight cases, and poor in two case.
CONCLUSION
There were satisfactory results in patients treated with external fixation with early ROM exercise, whose injuries had difficulty in being fixed internally. The authors recommend hinged external fixation and early ROM exercise to prevent postoperative stiffness & contracture of elbow joint in this circumference.

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Clinical Results after Percutaneous Surgical Treatment of Intra-articular Fracture of the Distal Radius: Jae Ryong Cha, Jung Hoei Ku, Hyung Lae Cho, Jin Wan Kim, Yoo Dae Kim, Young Il Park, Seong Hwak Hong; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):304-310. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.304

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of percutaneous surgical treatment of the intra-articular fractures of the distal radius, we have compared the results of percutaneous pinning and the combination of percutaneous pinning with external fixation after closed reduction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We analysed the results of 52 patients with intra-articular fracture who received the operative treatment with closed reduction in the period of June, 1995 to June, 2001 and also were in regular follow-up at least one year. We used the subjective analysis by Cole & Obletz and the objective analysis by Scheck.
RESULTS
We have found the outcome that 83.3% of percutaneous pinning were graded above "Good" in type B and C1 and 82.2% of the combination treatment of percutaneous pinning with external fixation were graded above "Good" in type C2 and C3.
CONCLUSION
The percutaneous pinning and external fixator after closed reduction in intra-articular fractures of the distal radius are considered useful to restore the articular congruity and make good clinical results.

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External Fixator and External Fixator Supplemented with K-wire in the Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures: Sang Wook Bae, Ho Yoon Kwak, Baik Yong Song, Young Joo Ahn; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):311-316. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.311

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the differences of the outcome between external fixator and external fixator supplemented with K-wire in the treatment of distal radius fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one cases which underwent external fixation (external fixation group) and 28 cases, external fixation supplemented with K-wire (external fixation with K-wire group), were analyzed. Radial length, radial inclination and volar tilt were compared in preoperative, immediate postoperative radiographs, and radiographs after removal of external fixator between two groups. And functional outcome including flexion, extension, pronation and supination of wrist were compared between two groups and wrist pain, as well.
RESULT
Radial length and radial inclination in the postoperative radiographs and radiographs after removal of external fixator showed no difference between two groups, but volar tilt of external fixation group measured 2.1+/-4.2 degrees, 1.3+/-3.8 degrees and external fixation with K-wire group, 8.8+/-2.3 degrees, 8.5+/-2.4 degrees respectively, so that external fixation with K-wire group showed better reduction and maintenance. Wrist flexion and extension about postoperative 6 months measured 25.6+/-8.2 degrees, 25.1+/-10.2 degrees, respectively, in external fixation group and 42.5+/-15.2 degrees, 33.6+/-9.5 degrees in external fixation with K-wire group, so that external fixation with K-wire group showed better functional results.
CONCLUSION
In the treatment of distal radius fractures, to obtain better reduction and function result, external fixations supplemented with K-wire need to be taken into consideration.

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Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunions with Autogenous Cancellous Bone Grafting Combined with Threaded K-wire Fixation: Yong Ho Kang, Hyung Gyu Kim, Seung Ju Jeon, Nam Heun Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):317-324. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.317

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of autogenous cancellous bone grafting combined with threaded K-wire fixation for scaphoid nonunions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the 13 patients with scaphoid nonunion, which was follow up at least 12 months from March 1999 to June 2003. According to the Mayo classification, two cases were type P (proximal third), eight cases were type W (waist) and three cases were type D (distal third). According to the Russe classification, eight cases showed horizontal oblique type, another two cases were transverse, and last three belonged to vertical oblique type. We assessed the radiologic bony union, correction of humpback deformity and lateral intrascaphoid angle and degenerative change of radioscaphoid joint, clinical results were evaluated using assessment of Maudsley.
RESULTS
Radiologic union was obtained in all cases, mean time of union was 15.4 weeks (13~17.4 weeks), and there was no radiological evidence of postoperative humpback deformity, intercarpal instability, proximal osteonecrosis and degenerative changes. According to assessment of Maudsley, there were 7 excellent cases, 4 good cases, 1 fair case and 1 poor case among these 13 cases. The final clinical results were 11 excellent cases, 2 good case in the aspect of wrist pain and tenderness. All range of motion was satisfactory to patients except 4 cases (3 fair, 1 poor) and every patients could return to work except 1 poor case.
CONCLUSION
The surgical treatment using a autogenous cancellous bone grafting combined with threaded K-wire fixation for scaphoid nonunion was a relatively straightforward technique, which provides simplicity, and high union rate.

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Treatment of Tibial Fractures In Children With Pin and Plaster Technique: Byoung Ho Suh, Gyu Min Kong, Sang Ho Moon, Dong Joon Kim, Jin Woo Kwon, Se Won Park; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):325-329. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.325

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the result of tibial shaft fractures in children treated with pin and plaster method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From March 1998 to February 2003, Tibial shaft fractures in thirty six pediatric patients which were treated with pin and plaster method were clinically and radiologicaly evaluated retrospectively.
RESULTS
Mean bony union duration was 9.8 weeks. All fractures healed within acceptable angulations. There was neither delayed union nor nonunion. There were complications related to the pins, including superficial and deep infection, skin sloughing. There were 7 cases of tibial overgrowth but they had no functional disability.
CONCLUSION
Pin and plaster method can substitute other operative methods in tibial fractures in children which is difficult to reduce or maintain reduction by conservative treatment.

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Remodelling of Angular Deformity in Birth-Associated Femoral Shaft Fracture: Soon Hyuck Lee, Sung Tae Lee, In Rok Yoo, Seoung Joon Lee; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):330-334. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.330

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To find out the process of bone remodelling and risk factors in birth-associated femoral fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
We evaluated the four femoral fractures in three neonates about the obstetric and family history, and measured the angulation at the fracture site and the angle between the proximal and distal epiphysis of the femur on the radiographies taken at regular intervals.
RESULTS
The incidence of birth-associated femoral fracture was 0.06%. In two cases, fracture angulation and interepiphyseal angle had been decreased. However the angular deformity was worsened in two cases, but the interepiphyseal angle had been decreased regardless to the change of fracture angulation. So the alignment of epiphyseal plate came to normal alignment of joint surface.
CONCLUSION
The underlying disorder should be searched, because of its rarity. The physeal reorientation that makes joint alignment near normal irrespective of amount of angular deformity is assumed as the predominant mechanism in remodelling process of the angular deformity.

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A Biomechanical Advantage of the Lengthening with an External Fixator Over an Intramedullary Nail: An Experimental Study in Saw Bones and Cadeveric Bones: Chang Wug Oh, Poong Taek Kim, Hae Ryong Song, Jong Keon Oh, Hyung Soo Ahn, Byung Chul Park, Byung Guk Min, Sung Ki Park, Young Heon Sohn; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):335-340. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.335

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To know biomechanical differences in methods of limb lengthening between using monolateral external fixator and using external fixator over an intramedullary nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In acryl rods, saw-bone, and cadeveric bone, we created two lengthening models of using monolateral external fixator and using external fixator over an intramedullary nail. The axial compression test was done on the site of osteotomy for lengthening. To fix the models, half pins of 5 mm in diameter and nails of 9 mm in diameter were used. Using MTS (Material Test System) machine, we evaluated the differences of axial stiffness according to the presence of an intramedullary nail or the numbers of half-pins which were fixed at each side of osteotomy.
RESULTS
Lengthening over an intramedullary nail, comparing to monolateral external fixator only, increased the axial stiffness by 1.1~1.2 times in acryl rods, 1.2~1.6 times in saw bones, and 15.6~15.9 times in cadeveric bones when the same numbers of half-pins were used. In saw bone and cadaveric bone, the group of two half pins in lengthening over an intramedullary nail was stiffer than the group of three pins in lengthening with monolateral external fixator.
CONCLUSION
In the distraction of the limb, the addition of an intramedullary nail may increase the axial stiffness of the frame of monolateral external fixator. In lengthening over an intramedullary nail, it is enough to distract the bone with fixing two half pins at each sides of osteotomy.

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Combined Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Palsy Associated with Acetabular Fracture and Dislocation: A Case Report: Ki Chul Park, Kang Wook Kim, Young Ho Kim; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):341-344. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.341

Abstract PDF

Sciatic nerve palsy is the most common nerve injury associated with acetabular fracture and dislocation, but femoral nerve injury is known to be very rare because of relative protected position of nerve between the iliacus and psoas muscle, and as far as we know only one report was noted in English about combined femoral and sciatic nerve injury associated with acetabular fracture and dislocation, so we hereby report a case of combined femoral and sciatic nerve palsy associated with acetabular fracture and dislocation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Unilateral Sciatic Nerve Injury on Unaffected Hindlimb Muscles of Rats
Jin Il Kim, Myoung-Ae Choe
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(3): 393. CrossRef

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Avulsion Facture of Short External Rotators in the Proximal Femur: A Case Report: Myung Rae Cho, Sang Bong Ko, Dae Ui Jeung; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):345-348. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.345

Abstract PDF: Although avulsion fractures of greater and lesser trochanters rarely develop in hip fractures, avulsion fracture of short external rotators has not reported still online literature. Moreover, avulsion fracture of short external rotators can simulate the intertrochanteric fracture, and is difficult to differentiate from it on plain radiograph. This study is on the case 74-year old male patient who had avulsion fracture of short external rotators, and had the internal fixation with wire by open reduction under the diagnosis of the intertrochanteric fracture.

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Treatment of Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures: Jong Keon Oh; J Korean Fract Soc 2005;18(3):349-358. Published online July 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2005.18.3.349

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Current Concepts in Management of Tibia Plateau Fracture
Sang Hak Lee, Kang-Il Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(3): 245. CrossRef
Analysis of Risk Factors for the Posterolateral Articular Depression and Status of Posterolateral Fragment in Lateral Condylar and Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures with Joint Depression
Jung-Yun Choi, Yong-Woon Shin, Beom-Jung Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 241. CrossRef
Dual Plate Fixation Compared with Hybrid External Fixator Application for Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures
Jae-Sung Lee, Yong-Beom Park, Han-Jun Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 124. CrossRef

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