Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Surgical and Conservative Treatment of Acetabular Fractures: Chong Kwan Kim, Byung Woo Ahn, Saeng Guk Lee, Jae Ik Chung, Jin Woo Jin, Kwon Ho Kim, Kang Hoon Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):309-318. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.309

PURPOSE
Fractures of the acetabulum remain a major challenge to the orthopedic surgeons. Although the operative treatment for the complex fractures is preferred, inaccurate reduction and then incongruity of the hip joint lead to serious complication such as premature osteoarthritis. We evaluated the results of surgical and conservative treatment for acetabular fractures.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1996 to March 2001, we reviewed 55 cases retrospectively. Posterior wall fracture (13 cases) was the most common by Letournel's classification and followed by both column fracture (10 cases). Causes of injuries included 41 cases of traffic accident and 8 cases of falling down. We divided the cases into an operation group (28 cases) and conservative group (27 cases) and evaluated the results as excellent, good, fair or poor according to Matta's clinical and radiological grade criteria.
RESULTS
Anatomical or satisfactory reduction was obtained in 22 cases of operative group and clinical results were excellent in 7 cases, good in 13 cases. Conservative group revealed excellent and good clinical results in 15 of 27 cases.
CONCLUSION
In cases of the displaced complex fractures, posterior wall fracture with instability and displaced fractures involving the weight bearing dome of the acetabulum, open reduction and internal fixation after accurate evaluation of the fracture pattern could allow earlier ROM exercise and have the result in better prognosis.

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Clinical Results of Surgical Treatment of Acetabular Fractures according to Quality of Reduction
Sang-Hong Lee, Min-Kyu Shin, Sueng-Hwan Jo
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2007; 42(2): 153. CrossRef

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Treatment of Ipsilateral Femur Neck & Shaft Fracture: Jin Woo Kwon, Ki Hwon Kim, Sang Ho Moon, Kyu Min Kong, Kyong Tae Sohn, Sang Hoon Lee, Tae Woo Kwon; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):319-326. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.319

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyse the result of operative treatment in ipsilateral femur neck and shaft fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eleven cases of ipsilateral femur neck and shaft fractures were operated and followed more than 1 year. There were 11 men and the mean age at index operation was 38 years (range 22~54). In neck fracture there were 3 of type I, 6 of type II, and 1 of type III according to Garden classification, shaft fractures were located at middle 1/3(7 cases), at distal 1/3(4 cases). We evaluate the operation time, union time, nonunion, malunion, and clinical evaluation with pain and joint stiffness.
RESULTS
In neck fractures treatment methods were 8 of multiple pinning, 2 of reconstruction nail and 1 of CHS, in shaft fractures 2 of DCP, 7 of retrograde nailing (3 Ender nail, 4 interlocking nail). The mean operation time was 180 minutes in reconstruction nail, 220 minutes in multiple pinning and DCP and 200 minutes in multiple pinning and retrograde nailing. The mean time for shaft union was 5 months. The complications were 1 case of neck reduction loss during operation in reconstruction nailing group, 2 of aseptic necrosis of femur head, 2 of shaft nonunion in retrograde nailing group, 1 of persistant pain around knee in Ender nailing group.
CONCLUSION
The author think that reconstruction nail fixation is technically difficult, thus neck and shaft fracture be fixed individually. Neck fracture can be fixed first without difficulty and shaft fracture should be fixed rigidly due to comminution.

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Treatment of Ipsilateral Femoral Neck and Shaft Fractures: Jung Ryul Kim, Hyung Suk Lee, Myung Sik Park, Hee Chul Yu, Doo Hyun Yang; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):327-333. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.327

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To analyse the result of the treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures and to consider effective method of the treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventeen patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures were treated from January 1992 to January 1999 and followed up more than 2 years. Radiologic bony union between each treatment method, complication were analysed. The functional results assessed with Iowa hip rating system and Swiontkowski system.
RESULTS
In femoral neck fractures, bony union was obtained in all cases, average 12 weeks. In femoral shaft fractures, bony union was obtained in all but one case. There was no statistical association bony union time between each treatment method (p>0.05). By Iowa hip rating system, nine hips had an excellent result; eight, a good result. According to rating system of Swiontkowski, the result was excellent in nine, good in six, fair in one, and poor in one.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that early diagnosis of all injuries was needed. To avoid further vascular damage of femoral head, early anatomical reduction of the femoral neck fracture should be performed. And then, shaft fracture was fixed with implants which were most appropriate for that combination of fractures.

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Loss of Fixation after Internal Fixation of Intertrochanteric Femoral Fracture with Compression Hip Screw: Jong Oh Kim, Sang Yeol Chang, Joon Gue Moon, Hoon Jeong, Woo Chul Jeong; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):334-339. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.334

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate the factors which might affect the loss of fixation after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with compression hip screw.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From February 1996 to February 2001, seventy nine cases of intertrochanteric fracture which we operated with compression hip screw was reviewed with minimal follow up for 6 months. There were twelve cases of loss of fixation. The cases were analyzed according to each factors which we thought to affect the loss of fixation. The factors are fracture type by modified Evans classification, Singh index, placement of screw in femoral head, quality of reduction. Then we analyzed these factors with chi square test.
RESULTS
Difference between age group and sex were not thought to be statistically meaningful factors (p>0.05). There were difference of prevalence between two group divided by fracture stability (p<0.05). In cases of superior placement in femoral head, there were more loss of fixation. Displacement of cortex of proximal femur on radiologic AP view other than lateral view showed meaningful difference (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Age, sex, Singh index did not affect the loss of fixation. But, next factors as follows affected the loss of fixation; Superior placement of hip screw, unstable fracture pattern, displacement of fracture site more than 5 mm after surgical reduction on radiologic AP view.

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Treatment of Large Bone Defect of Femorl Shaft with Vascularized Fibular Graft and Ender Nail: A Case Report: Song Lee, Dong Ki Ahn, Sung Wook Chun, Sun Young Chung, Hyun Soo Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):340-347. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.340

Abstract PDF: Vascularized fibular graft is one of the well accepted methods in the treatment of large bone defect of femoral shaft. But bone fixation with Ender nails through the same incision of bone graft has never been reported. We performed vascularized fibular graft and bone fixation with Ender nails through single medial skin incision and permitted physiologic stress. We achieved early radiologic union and medullary widening and the patient could return to work 9 months after the accident. We would like to report such an experience of treatment with the reference of literature.

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Treatment of Distal Tibial Fractures by Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing: Jung Ryul Kim, Hyung Suk Lee, Moon Ki Choi, Kwang Bok Lee, Jong Hyuk Park, Jun Mo Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):348-355. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.348

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To analyze the result of treatment for distal tibial fractures by interlocking intramedullary nailing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighteen patients who underwent interlocking intramedullary nailing for distal tibial fracture were followed up for more than one year. We analyzed the fracture configuration, presence of fibular fracture, angular deformity and bone union by follow-up radiograph, and complications. The functional results were assessed by Baird's ankle scoring system.
RESULTS
According to Robinson classification, there were 4 type I fractures, 12 type IIA fractures, and 2 type IIB fractures. All cases were combined with fibular fracture. The mean union period of 18 cases were 21.9 weeks. There were three complications with 3 cases of valgus deformity. In functional outcome according to Baird's ankle scoring system, 15 patients (83%) showed satisfactory results.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that interlocking intramedullary nailing is effective method for the treatment of the distal tibial fractures. However, to avoid valgus deformity of the distal tibia when combined distal fibular fracture, fibular reduction and rigid fixation should be needed.

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Clinical Outcomes of the Tibia Segmental Fractures Treated by Intramedullary Nail Using Various Reduction Techniques
Oog-Jin Shon, Ji-Hoon Shin, Chul-Wung Ha
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(1): 50. CrossRef
Interlocking Intramedullary Nail in Distal Tibia Fracture
Oog Jin Shon, Sung Min Chung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 13. CrossRef

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Interlocking Intramedullary Nailing for Treating Most Distal Tibial Fracture: In Heon Park, Kyung Won Song, Sung Il Shin, Jin Young Lee, Seung Yong Lee, Tae Hyoung Kim, Jeong Hun Cha; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):356-362. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.356

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We analyzed the result of treatment for most distal extraarticular tibial fracture using interlocking intramedullary nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From January 1999 to April 2002, 8 patients who had most distal tibial fracture were treated by interlocking intramedullary nailing. The duration of follow-up was more than 12 months. The mean age was 41.5 years old. There were 5 males and 3 females. During follow-up period, we evaluated the bone union, range of motion of knee and ankle joint and gait pattern.
RESULTS
The average distance from fracture line to ankle joint line was 1.1 cm. The bone union was achieved at average 18.6 weeks. At the last follow-up, there was no limited motion on knee. But at one case, ankle range of motion was limited from 5 degree extension to 35 degree flexion. There was no gait disturbance.
CONCLUSION
Interlocking intramedullary nailing can be recommendable and useful in the most distal tibial fractures.

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Comparison of the Results between Intramedullary Nailing and Plate Fixation for Distal Tibia Fractures
Jung-Han Kim, Heui-Chul Gwak, Chang-Rack Lee, Yang-Hwan Jung
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2015; 19(3): 86. CrossRef
Interlocking Intramedullary Nail in Distal Tibia Fracture
Oog Jin Shon, Sung Min Chung
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 13. CrossRef

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Non-operative Treatment of Lateral Malleolar Fracture using Ankle Brace: Nam Hong Choi, Ho Yoon Kwak, Baik Yong Song, Sang Wook Bae, In Mook Lee, Do Hyun Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):363-369. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.363

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of conservative treatment for minimal displaced lateral mallolar fracture using ankle brace.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eleven patients (eleven ankles) underwent conservative treatment with ankle brace for 8 weeks with full weight bearing ambulation. Inclusion criteria were minimal displacement (<3 mm) of fracture, no or mild tenderness or swelling on medial malleolar area and no lateral shift of talus. The patients were evaluated with AOFAS (the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle society) Ankle-Hindfoot scale.
RESULTS
Average follow up was 103 weeks (36~192). All cases had normal range of motion of ankle. The average score of AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scale was 95 points.
CONCLUSION
The advantages of conservative treatment with ankle brace were early return to daily activity and work, comfort to the patients and a short period of rehabilitation. Conservative treatment with ankle brace for minimal displaced lateral malleolar fracture is recommended.

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The Lateral Closing Osteotomy using Threaded Steinmann Pin for the Cubitus Varus Deformity Followed by Supracondylar Fracture around the Elbow: Jin Hak Kim, Song Lee, Byung Ki Kwon, Hyun Soo Kim, Soon Young Jeong, Dea Jung Choi; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):370-378. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.370

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate the usefulness of closing wedge osteotomy with threaded steinmann pin and wiring for the treatment of cubitus varus deformity after elbow fracture during childhood.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From February 1994 to February 2002. We performed closing wedge osteotomy with threaded steinmann pin and wiring in 16 elbows with cubitus varus deformity. There are 11 men and 5 women. Mean age was 21.6 years and mean follow-up was 19.2 months. Mean deformed carrying angle was varus 21.7 degree. Mean period from initial injury to treatment was 16.5 years.
RESULTS
Mean angle that was corrected by above operation methods was valgus 12 degree. Average periods of immobilization was 27.8 days. One tardy ulnar nerve syndrome before surgery was solved at 8 weeks after operation. 2 cases with superficial infection was treated easily. 14 cases of all were estimated as good with Oppenheim's criteria.
CONCLUSION
Closing wedge osteotomy with threaded steinmann pin and wiring makes early range of motion exercise being possible as rigid fixation. The supracondylar closing wedge osteotomy with threaded Steinmann pin and wiring is thought to be the useful method.

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Surgical Treatment for the Non-union of the Lateral Humeral Condyle Fracture using Closing Wedge Osteotomy and Bone Graft: Sang Ho Ha, Hong Moon Sohn, Jun Young Lee, Sun Jong Oh; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):379-384. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.379

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To evaluate the clinical results of the surgical treatment for established nonunion of lateral humeral condyle fracture using closing wedge osteotomy and bone graft.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Six patients diagnosed as symptomatic established nonunion of lateral humeral condyle fracture and cubitus valgus deformity were reviewed retrospectively. The average age was 23 years old and mean follow up period was 32 months. We investigate the changes of the symptoms and radiographic findings, and determine the results by Oppenheim's criteria.
RESULTS
According to Oppenheim's criteria, 3 patients showed excellent, 2 good, 1 poor. Carrying angle is improved to 10.2 degrees and range of motion was decreased by mean 9 degrees. All of the patients' muscle weakness and pain were improved, and was achieved solid union at the last follow up.
CONCLUSION
In the treatment of symptomatic established lateral humeral fracture and cubitus valgus deformity, better functional and cosmetic results are anticipated by a closing wedge osteotomy and bone graft.

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In SituLate Metaphyseal Osteosynthesis for the Fractures of the Lateral Humeral Condyle in Children
Kun Bo Park, Seung Whan Lee, Hyun Woo Kim, Hui Wan Park, Ki Seok Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2008; 21(2): 151. CrossRef

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Flexible Intramedullary Nailing in Children's Femoral Shaft Fractures: Yeo Hon Yun, Chang Ho Choi, Jae Hak Jung; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):385-391. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.385

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
We report a treatment result and the pros-cons of the flexible intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures in children between the ages of 4 and 11 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the recent three years, 28 femoral shaft fractures in 27 consecutive pediatric patients were treated with flexible intramedullary nailing. We retrospectively reviewed their clinical and radiological records, followed-up for at least one year, in respects to the recovery of knee joint motion; time of weight bearing; time of fracture union; period of admission and rehabilitation; angular deformity and leg length discrepancy; and other complications.
RESULTS
In all children, the knee joint motion was rapidly recovered to near normal range within 2~4 weeks. Partial weight bearing with wearing functional brace was possible within 2~4 weeks, while full weight bearing without brace was started until 6~12 (average 8.4) weeks after the nailing. In the last follow-up radiographs, five cases (18%) showed an angular deformity in any direction of more than 5 degrees. Two children represented leg length discrepancy of more than 1 cm. Other complications were one fixation failure, and one deep soft tissue infection at the entry point of the nail.
CONCLUSION
We strongly recommend the flexible intramedullary nailing in this injury because the fixation is strong enough to permit early knee motion and weight bearing in orthosis, the fracture healing was so rapid without any case of delayed or nonunion, and the incidences of residual angular deformity and leg length discrepancy were significantly less than the nonoperative treatment.

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Comparison of Flexible Intramedullary Nailing with External Fixation in Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures
Do-Young Kim, Sung-Ryong Shin, Un-Seob Jeong, Yong-Wook Park, Sang-Soo Lee, Keun-Min Park
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2008; 43(1): 30. CrossRef

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Displaced Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children Treated by Percutaneous Lateral K-wire Pinning: Soon Hyuck Lee, Sang Won Park, Kwang Suk Lee, Jong Ryoon Baek, Sang Won Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):392-398. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.392

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
For the treatment of displaced children supracondylar fractures, closed reduction and lateral pinning were performed consecutively and their results were analyzed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
During the period from January 1997 to May 2001, all children with displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus were treated by closed reduction and lateral K-wire pinning. Among them, 44 fractures with more than 1 year follow up were selected. Carrying angle and range of motion were measured. Baumann angle and lateral humerocapital angles were measured from the anteroposterior and lateral radiograph 3 times (immediate post op, K-wire removal, last follow up).
RESULTS
Results were graded according to the criteria of Flynn et al. using both cosmetic and functional evaluation. According to the cosmetic factor, 36 cases (82%) were excellent and 8 cases (18%) were good. According to the functional factor, 39 cases (88%) were excellent and 5 cases (12%) were good. No statiscally significant differences, as seen on Baumann and humerocapital angle, between immediate post operative films and films taken at the time of K-wire removal (p=0.082, p=0.27). There was no significant differences in Baumann and humerocapital angle at the time of K-wire removal and last follow up (p=0.19, p=0.27).
CONCLUSION
Closed reduction and lateral K-wire pinning is considered as an acceptable modality of the treatment of displaced children supracondylar fractures.

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Treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children by a pin leverage technique
H.-Y. Lee, S.-J. Kim
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume.2007; 89-B(5): 646. CrossRef

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Arthroscopically Assisted Fixation of Intraarticular Distal Radial Fractures: Won Young Lee, Byung Mun Park, Dae Eu Lim, Kyung Sub Song, Jung Woo Hong; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):399-406. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.399

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
To investigate the results of arthroscopically assisted reduction of intraarticular fracture of distal radius with percutaneous K-wires and external fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We reviewed 12 intraarticular distal radial fractures of 11 patients treated arthroscopically assisted reduction in Orthopedic Department of Sung-Ae hospital between January, 2001 and August, 2001. The mean length of follow-up was 14 months. Analysis of them revealed that B3 was 1 case, C2 4 cases and C3 7 cases according to the AO classification. All cases were treated by 2.7 mm arthrosopic devices and percutaneous K-wires pinning with external fixation, but additionally invasive reductional technique was not used. We removed the osteochondral flap in the joint space and detected the carpal ligaments and triangular fibrocartilage complex tears but not treated. The K-wires were removed at 4 weeks, external fixation was 7 weeks, respectively.
RESULTS
The mean active range of movement in the affected wrist was total arc of the flexion-extension 72% of the opposite side. Radiographically mean volar tilt, radial inclination and radial length were 5.7 degrees, 22.4 degrees, and 12.3 mm. The mean articualar step-off was 2 mm or less. Post-operative compartment syndrome and fracture collapse were not occured during follow-up period. According to the Gartland and Werley demerit-point system, eleven cases were a excellent or good and one was a fair result.
CONCLUSION
Arthroscopically assisted fixation is a useful method for reducing the soft tissue injuries and preventing the articular surface incongruency by anatomically reduction in cases of intraarticular comminution.

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Arthroscopic Repair for Traumatic Peripheral Tear of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex
Seung-Ju Jeon, Chan-Sam Moon, Ho-Seung Jeon, Haeng-Kee Noh, Sung-Hwan Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(4): 330. CrossRef

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Treatment of Fractures of Distal Radius using External Fixator: Sung Tae Lee, Seok Ha Lee, Kwang Jun Oh, Jong In Na, Ji Sung Jun, In Rok Yu; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):407-415. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.407

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To assess the clinical and radiological results from the treatment of the intraarticular distal radius fracture by using the external fixator and confirm the usefulness of the external fixator from this study. MATERIALS & METHODS: We selected 20 cases of the distal radius fracture patients, who were treated with external fixator, among the patients from March, 1998 to March, 2001 and they could be followed for 1 year. There were 12 males and 8 females with a mean age of 53.4. According to AO classification, there were 2 cases for type A (10%), 2 cases for type B (10%), 5 cases for type C1 (25%), 9 cases for type C2 (45%), and 2 cases for type C3 (10%). In the 16 cases, the external fixator was used alone and in the other 2 cases, the external fixator was used with K-wires fixation. In the last 2 cases, K-wires fixation and autogenous iliac bone graft were combined.
RESULTS
In more severe form of distal radius fracture such as complete intraarticular fracture (type C2, C3 of AO classification), the better outcome in clinical and radiologic results was showed when additional K-wires fixation and/or autogenous iliac bone graft were combined rather than using the external fixator only. Particularly, in the cases of type C2, the poorest outcomes of radial length loss 2.7 mm (4.0%), radial inclination loss 1.4 (4.9%), volar tilting loss 2.4 (6.9%) were showed when the external fixator was used alone. The three worst results were from the cases of using external fixator alone in type C2. In the two cases of combination with K-wire fixation, the result of type C2 was excellent and that of type C3 was good. The results of the last two cases (type C2, C3) of combination with K-wire fixation and autogenous iliac bone graft were all excellent.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we confirmed that the better result could be achieved when the treatment were performed with combination with K-wire and/or autogenous iliac bone graft rather than using the external fixator alone.

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The Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) on the Healing of Allograft for the Treatment of Segmental Bone Defect of the Ulna in Rabbits: Joo Hyun Song, Jinyoung Jeong, Yong Koo Kang, Han Yong Lee, Mun Ik Son, Sang Il Seo; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):416-422. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.416

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) on the healing of the allograft for the treatment of the segmental bone defect of the ulna in Rabbits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
About 2 cm-sized segmental bone defects were created on both ulna of twenty rabbits. The rabbits were divided into two groups, even and odd number group after numbering them from 1 to 20. The segmental bone from the odd numbered animal was transplanted to the even numbered animal, and the even numbered to the odd numbered. The left side of the ulna of the animal is grafted with a segmental allograft only. The right side of the ulna was grafted with a segmental allograft and 0.7 cc of PRP. Radiographs obtained at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively were graded for radiologic union.
RESULTS
The use of the combination of PRP and segmental allograft demonstrated improved healing on radiolographic study compared with that demonstrated after use of allogrft alone.
CONCLUSION
The results of the study suggests that the use of the combination of PRP and segmental allograft can be considered as an alternative method to manage the segmental defect of the long bone.

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Effect of Different Bone Substitutes on the Concentration of Growth Factors in Platelet-rich Plasma
Hee Soon Cho, So-Young Park, Sukyoung Kim, Sang Keun Bae, Duk Seop Shin, Myun-Whan Ahn
Journal of Biomaterials Applications.2008; 22(6): 545. CrossRef

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Effect of Growth Hormone on Osteoblast and New Bone Formation: Hae Ryong Song, Young Jin Kang, Ki Churl Chang, Seong Chang Yeon, Ja Min Koo, Hyeon Hui Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2003;16(3):423-431. Published online July 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2003.16.3.423

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To evaluate effect of growth hormone on osteoblast and new bone formation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Bone defect of the tibia with preserved periosteum was made and fixed with external fixator. Intramuscular injection of growth hormone for 8 weeks in experimental group and saline in control group was performed. New bone formation at the bone defect in radiograph and bone mineral density (BMD) by quantitative computed tomography were evaluated at 8 weeks after surgery. Rat osteosarcom cells were cultured in both group to evaluate cell viability of osteoblast, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mRNA expression of osteocalcin by RT-PCR.
RESULTS
Experimental group showed more callus formation and higher BMD at the bone defect site and the distal tibia compared to control group and there was significant difference. Proliferation of osteoblast, alkaline phosphatase activity, mRNA of osteocalcin at 5 days after culture were significantly higher in experimental group than those in control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Growth hormone has positive effect on osteoblast and callus formation in vivo and vitro studies.

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