Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Effect of injected calcium-sulfate on the consolidation of distraction osteogenesis in rabbit model: Chang Wug Oh, Poong Taek Kim, Byung Chul Park, Il Hyung Park, Hee Soo Kyung, Seung Hoon Baek; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):271-277. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.271

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To investigate whether injection of calcium sulfate salt powder could be used to facilitate consolidation of early & fast distraction osteogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Group I was experimental group and Groups II and III were controls. After 3 days of latency period, a small distractor was distracted for a total of 8 mm for 4 days. Calcium sulfate salt powder suspended in carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) solution was injected, whereas CMC media alone was injected in one control group and without intervention in the other control group. Plain radiographs were taken on every weeks. We assesed the bone mineral density(BMD) at 3 and 6 weeks and %BMD was calculated. The rabbits were sacrificed at 6 weeks for histologic examination.
RESULTS
In radiography, the distracted area was consolidated in the experimental group but not in control groups. The % BMD of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of control groups at 6 weeks(p<0.01). In histologic examination, greater amount of newly formed bone was noted in the distraction zone of the experimental group, compared to two control groups.
CONCLUSION
Implantation of calcium sulfate powder can accelerate consolidation in distraction osteogenesis in rabbits.

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The Effect of Low Intensity Ultrasound on Distraction Osteogenesis in the Rabbit Femur: Hyung Bin Park, Hae Ryoung Song, Kyung Hoi Koo, Soon Taek Jeong, Bun Jung Kang, Se Hyun Cho; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):159-165. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.159

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The effects of ultrasound on mechanical properties of the callus in distraction osteogenesis was assessed in this study. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Forty mature New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups (ultrasound group and control group). A midshaft femoral osteotomy was made and fixed with a small external fixator. After a latent period of a week, lengthening was performed at the rate of 1mm a day for 2 weeks. Low intensity ultrasound (EXOGEN inc, Piscataway, NJ U.S.A) was applied to the operated limb for 20 minutes a day in the ultrasound group, while the control group waited for natural maturation of the callus. The bone mineral density and mechanical properties such as ultimate load, ultimate stress, deflection at ultimate load, ultimate stiffness and energy absorption at ultimate load were measured and analyzed.
RESULT
The bone mineral density, the area of the callus, ultimate load, ultimate stress and energy absorption at ultimate load were not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). The ultimate stiffness in the ultrasound group was significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.01). The deflection at ultimate load in the ultrasound group was significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.01).
CONCLUSION
The low density ultrasound has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the distracted callus in the rabbit femoral model in terms of the ultimate stiffness and the deflection at ultimate load.

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Effect of the Ultrasound and LASER in the fracture healing in rabbits: Jun Young Yang, Kwang Jin Rhee, June Kyu Lee, Deuk Soo Hwang, Hyun Dae Shin, Jun ho Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(3):305-312. Published online July 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.3.305

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To study the effectiveness of the ultrasound and LASER on the fracturehealing in rabbits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was performed on rabbits using the Hi-Tech 2000 (Ultrasound+LASER) which was made in our institute. After anesthesia of the rabbit, the shaft of tibia was fractured with Gigli saw under aseptic condition, and then intramedullary nailing using K-wire was performed. We evaluated left tibia as control and right tibia as experimental. we applicated ultrasound and LASER from 7 days after operation and sacrificed at 3 weeks and 5 weeks after operation. Gross findings, simple radiologic findings, and histologic findings were evaluated by modified Zorlu scoring system. With use of T-test of SAS system ( level of significance, P < 0.05 ), difference between left and right tibia were evaluated to be determined the effect of ultrasound and LASER on the fracture-healing.
RESULTS
At postoperative 3 weeks, differences were noted in 4 cases but we could detect no significant difference between left and right side. At postoperative 5 weeks, differences were noted 6 cases and significant difference was noted.
CONCLUSIONS
Seeing this results, ultrasound and LASER treatment was effective in fracture healing. However we think that additional studies for accurate quantitative and qualitative analysis, biomechanical test in callus, microangiographic study and clinical research to determine the effectiveness of ultrasound and LASER in clinical field are needed.

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New Bone formation in Vascularized Periosteal Flap over the Bone Defect of the Shaft of the Radius in Rabbit. : Early Radiological, Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of Osteogenesis: Jae Kwang Yum, Young Bok Jung, Mi Kyung Kim, Ho Rim Choi, Tae Yeul Yoo, Jung Nam Han; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):1003-1011. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.1003

Abstract PDF: Vascularized periosteal flap(VPF) it thought to enable formation of new bone and promote union in bone defect without risk of complications in donor site. Studiol about the VPF thus far have been centered on the long term result than early change after YPF. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the process of new bone formation in early stage after YPF by radiological, histological, electron microscopical and immunohistochemical studies. In experimental group, segmental resection of bone including the periosteum was performed in fifty-six radii of immature New Zealand white rabbits preserving the periosteal circulation from median artery which is the main source of blood supply to the periosteum. In order to simulate the transplantation of VPF, the vascular pedicle of median artery and veins was dissected from adjacent soft tissue and the periosteum was longitudinally incised to remove the bone tissue in the periosteum. Thereafter the vascularized periosteum was repaired. From the first to fourteenth day after the simulated VPF, the findings in the VPFs were observed by radiological, light microscopical, scanning electron microscopical methods and activity of osteocalcin was measured by immunohistochemical method. In control group, the bone tissue and periosteum were completely removed from the mid-shaft of seven radii, thereafter the radiological findings were observed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16th week and light microscopical findings were observed at 8, 16th week after operation. From the results of this study, it is concluded that YPF is vigorously and uniformly osteogenic in its early stage. It it thought that this study could serve as a basic data for the future experimental studiol about VPF in animals and clinical application.

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