Journal of Musculoskeletal Trauma

Comparison study between valgus and varus type in Neer 's 3 and 4 part proximal humerus fracture: Chang Hyuk Choi, Koing Woo Kwon, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Dong Kyu Shin, Seung Jin Lee; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(4):558-565. Published online October 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.4.558

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
We reclassified three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures by Neer ' s classification into valgus & varus type, and compared the results of these groups. MATERIALS & METHODS: 21 cases classified as three- and four-part fracture in Neer 's classification were treated surgically and followed for 12 months. We reclassfied the 21cases valgus and varus type fractures, according to angulation of fractures, facing of humeral head, and dominant displaced tuberosity. Functional evaluation was done by UCLA shoulder rating scale.
RESULTS
Neer 's three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures could be reclassified based on angulation, facing of humeral head, and dominant tuberosity displacement. The functional results according to UCLA shoulder rating scale were good or excellant in 8 of 9 cases of valgus type(89%), and at 4 in 10 cases of varus type(40%). The clinical result of the valgus type was better than that of the varus type.
CONCLUSION
Based on reclassification system of proximal humerus fractures, clinical results and radiographic findings including angulation, facing of head, and dominant tuberosity displacement showed close relationship. Neurovascular complication were more frequent in the varus type. Therefore, careful evaluation including surgical approach and soft tissue status should be considered in the varus type of complex proximal humerus fracture.

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Proximal Femoral Nail(PFN) for Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture: Dong Kyu Shin, Koing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Chang Hyuk Choi, Kyung Min Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(3):328-335. Published online July 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.3.328

PURPOSE
This prospective study was performed to evaluate the usefulness and the risk of the Proximal Femoral Nail(PFN) for internal fixation of the femur intertrochanteric fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
We operated 26 consecutive intertrochanteric fracture patients with PFN from June 2000 to May 2001 and analysed the operation time, bleeding loss, union rate, union time, failure of fixation and complications. We also evaluated the clinical result with the recovery of ambulatory function and functional recovery score.
RESULTS
Mean operation time was 72 minutes and mean transfusion amount was 0.54 unit. 24 cases progressed to union until 4 months uneventfully and remaining 2 cases also progressed to union within 6months without further operation. There was no failure of fixation. Mean fracture site impaction was 4.4mm and among the 11 unstably reduced cases 3 showed overimpaction(> 10mm). Clinically mean loss of ambulation ability was 1.4 grade. Last follow Skovoron functional recovery score was 72.2. We removed laterally protruded hip pin and femur neck screws in two cases because of irritation on the lateral trochanteric area skin. But there was no significant complications such as intraoperative or postoperative fractures and femoral head cut out.
CONCLUSION
The findings from this study indicate that, compared with other methods, PFN is useful and reliable choice for the femur intertrochanteric fracture treatment in the terms of less complications and equal or better results.

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GS Hip Nail versus Affixus Hip Fracture Nail for the Intramedullary Nailing of Intertrochanteric Fractures
Seungcheol Kwon, Minjae Lee, Heeyeon Lee, Jihyo Hwang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(21): 6720. CrossRef
Treatment of the Proximal Femoral Fracture Using the New Design Cephalomedullary Nail: Prospective Outcomes Study
Young Ho Roh, Joseph Rho, Kwang Woo Nam
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2019; 32(1): 35. CrossRef
Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using the Compression Hip Nail
Je-Min Yi, Kye Young Han, Keun Woo Kim, Chang Hyun Ryu
Hip & Pelvis.2014; 26(3): 166. CrossRef
Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture Treated with ITST: A Comparative Study between Groups with and without Comminution of Greater Trochanter
Kyung-Sub Song, Sang-Ho Lee, Seong-Hun Jeong, Su-Keon Lee, Sung-Ha Hong
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2014; 27(1): 36. CrossRef
Treatment of Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures with a Long Intramedullary Nail
Phil Hyun Chung, Suk Kang, Jong Pil Kim, Young Sung Kim, Ho Min Lee, Dae Jung Huh
Hip & Pelvis.2013; 25(1): 51. CrossRef
Comparative Study of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation and Zimmer Natural Nail for the Treatment of Stable Intertrochanteric Fractures
Jee-Hoon Kim, Oog-Jin Shon
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2013; 26(4): 305. CrossRef
Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures Using Targon Proximal Femoral Nails
Il Ho Park, Jong Kyoung Won, Kye Young Han
Hip & Pelvis.2012; 24(2): 117. CrossRef
Operative Treatment with Gamma 3 Nail in Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
Ki-Do Hong, Jae-Chun Sim, Sung-Sik Ha, Tae-Ho Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyun Kim
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2011; 24(1): 7. CrossRef
The Comparison between ITST™ (Intertrochanteric/Subtrochanteric) & DHS (Dynamic Hip Screw) in Unstable Femur Intertrochanteric Fracture
Ho-Seung Jeon, Byung-Mun Park, Kyung-Sub Song, Hyung-Gyu Kim, Jong-Ju Yun
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 131. CrossRef
Complications of Femoral Pertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)
Kee-Byoung Lee, Byung-Taek Lee
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2007; 20(1): 33. CrossRef

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Radiologic and clinical evaluation about treatment of ankle fracture: Chang Hyuk Choi, Koing Woo Kwon, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Dong Kyu Shin, Dong Hwan Um; J Korean Soc Fract 2002;15(2):209-215. Published online April 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2002.15.2.209

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the factors affecting clinical result after surgical treatment of ankle fracture. We evaluate the radiologic features of initial, post-operative and last follow up ankle anteroposterior view.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From Feb. 1997 to Jan. 2000, we operated 58 cases of ankle fractures involving bimalleolar and lateral malleolar area. 35 cases which were followed more than one year were enrolled into the study. We evaluated the clinical results according to radiologic features such as lateral displacement, height difference between both malleoli, mortise width, talar tilt and joint space width.
RESULTS
According to Olerud Moland Ankle score, 16 cases(46%) had excellent result and 9 cases(26%) had good result. Radiologically the average initial lateral displacement, height difference, mortise width in the group which had good and excellent results were 1.64mm, 8.85mm, 0.49 and that in the group of fair and poor result were 1.5mm, 10.57mm, 0.48, respectively.(P>0.05) CONCLUSION: The relationship between clinical result and radiologic features in the ankle bimalleolar and lateral malleolar fractures were not proved statistically. However, the tendency of affecting good clinical results which had malleolar height correction was seen.

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Operative Treatment of Intraarticular Calcaneus Fractures with extensile lateral approach: Dong Kyu Shin, Yong Woon Kim; J Korean Soc Fract 2001;14(3):440-449. Published online July 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2001.14.3.440

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
Through the analysing intraarticular calcaneal fractures operated with extensile lateal approach and lateral plate fixation we tried to find the factors related to the result and to prove the usefulness of this treatment method. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed 50 intraarticular calcaneal fractures which were treated with this method between July 1995 and December 1998. We analysed the relationship between the fracture type and the accuracy of posterior facet reduction and between the accuracy of reduction and the clinical result. We also analysed the complication rate.
RESULT
We gained anatomical reduction in 64% among all cases. There was significant relationship statistically between the Sanders fracture type and accuracy of reduction(p=0.001). There were also significant relationship statistically between the Sanders fractrure type and the clinical result(p=0.045) and between the accuracy of reduction and clinical result(p=0.001). It was also possible to regain the calcaneal height, width and Bohler angle through this treatment method. There was only one wound complication which was skin necrosis and was treated with dressing and finally skin graft.
CONCLUSION
Sanders classification was very useful and reasonable for this kind of fracture. The accuracy of reduction of posterior facet was very important to clinical result. This treatment method for the calcaneal fracture was useful in the term of regain of anatomical components of calcaneus such as posterior facet congruency, calcaenal height, width and Bohler angle with acceptable rate of serious complication.

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Ambulatory Recovery after Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fracture with Gamma nail in the Elderly: Dong Kyu Shin, Koing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Chang Hyuk Choi, Sang Bong Go; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(4):771-778. Published online October 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.4.771

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study was performed to evaluate the ambulatory recovery after fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of elderly patients with Gamma nail and to analyze the factors to affect the recovery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
we evaluated the ambulatory result of 64 cases of intertrochanteric fracure which were fixed with gamma nail and rehabilitated with early weight bearing protocol regardless of reduction state. We analysed the result with statisical method and tried to find the important factor for better ambulatory recovery.
RESULTS
Only 21 patients were able to recover to preinjured level of ambulation and mean loss of ambulation ability was 1.31 according to our evaluation protocol. Stastically the age and early weight bearing walking exercise was affecting factor for better recovery of ambulation and the rate of complication caused by early weight bearing was not significant.
CONCLUSION
Fixation with Gamma nail and early weight bearing rehabilitation protocol was good choice for elderly intertrochanteric fracture without the risk of major complication.

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Survival and Functional Outcomes after Hip Fracture among Nursing Home Residents
Hong Man Cho, Kyujung Lee, Woongbae Min, Yong Suk Choi, Hyun Suk Lee, Hyoung Jin Mun, Hye Young Shim, Da Geon Lee, Mi Joung Yoo
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(1): 89. CrossRef

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Treatment of Humerus Shaft Fracture with Intramedullary Nail: Dong Kyu Shin, Kwoing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Chang Hyuk Choi, Sang Bong Ko; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(3):562-569. Published online July 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.3.562

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was performed to evaluate the results of treatment of the humerus shaft fracture with interlocking IM nail.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The result of IM nailing for 29 patients with humerus shaft fracture were evaluated radiologically and clinically. We tried to compare the result of Seidel nail and that of interlocking nail.
RESULTS
The results were as follows ; 1. Nonunion rate was 50% in Seidel nail group and 27% in interlocking nail group(p=0.264). 2. Operation time was shorter in Seidel nail group(67.8min) than in interlocking nail group(115.4min)(p=0.002). 3. Fracture site distraction was present in 9 cases and resulted in nonunion in 8 cases. 4. Union time except the nonunion cases was 10.4weeks in Seidel nail group and 11.9weeks in interlocking nail group but was not considered to be significant due to many nonunion cases. 5. Proximal protrusion was present in 6 cases but resulted in shoulder LOM and pain in only 2 ). cases.
CONCLUSION
Although the operation time in Seidel nail group was shorter than in interlocking nail group, we couldn't find any other difference between the two nails. The results of treatment of humeral shaft fracture with interlocking nail was unsatisfactory in terms of union rate, complications, union time and functional result.

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Comparative study between operative and conservative treatment in 3 part and 4 part fracture of the proximal humerus: Chang Hyuk Choi, Kwoing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Dong Kyu Shin, Bum Jin Park; J Korean Soc Fract 2000;13(2):390-396. Published online April 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.2000.13.2.390

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
: Majority of 3-part and 4-part fracture of proximal humerus had been treated by surgical methods. However, Surgical treatment might be inappropriate due to the medical status or combined injures if the patients. Therefore, we compared the operative treatment with the conservative treatment in 3-part and 4-part fracture of proximal humerus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
: Among the 39 cases of 3-part(30) and 4-part(9) fracture of proximal humerus, 22 cases(57%) were treated by conservative methods and 17 cases(43%) were treated by operative methods with T-plate, wire, arthroplasty and screw.
RESULTS
: Among 30 cases of 3-part fracture of proximal humerus, according to the Neer's functional criteria, 12cases(60%) had excellent or satisfactory result in conservative treatment and 7cases(70%) had excellent or satisfactory result in operative treatment. In 9 cases of 4-part fracture of proximal humerus, 2 cases(100%) had poor result in conservative treatment, and 5 cases(71%)had excellent or satisfactory result in operative treatment.
CONCLUSION
: There was no difference in functional result according to the treatment modality in 2-part fracture(p>0.05). but in 4-part fracture, we prefer to treat by operative methods due to avascular necrosis at humeral head and poor functional result with conservative treatment.

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Use of Gamma Nail in Peritrochanteric Fractures of the femur : A comparative study of Asian-Pacific type with Standard-European type: Koing Woo Kwun, Shin Kun Kim, Sang Wook Lee, Chang Hyuk Choi, Dong Kyu Shin, Young Joon Youn; J Korean Soc Fract 1999;12(4):786-791. Published online October 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1999.12.4.786

Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
: The mismatch of the Standard Gammd nail(SU) in oriental people led to the modification of the delign of its femoral shaft component and use of the Asian-Pacific type(AP). We compared the clinical results of 2 groups of femoral peritrochanteric fractures treated with each type of Gamma nail.
MATERIALS and METHODS
: 65 cases of peritrochanteric fractures of the femur(AP 24 cases, SU 42 cases) were studied with regard to operation time, union time and complications. The cases in each group were similar in fracture pattern, degree of osteoporosis and time interval between trauma and operation.
RESULTS
There were no significant differencef between two groups in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and union time. Lateral cortical fracture and nail breakage were not observed in AP group but lag screw cutout was more frequent in AP group(8%) than in SU group(2%), but other complications were similar in type and frequency between two groups.
CONCLUSION
: AP Camma nail showed somewhat improved matching with the configuration of Korean femora, but further modification of the design might be needed to solve remained problems such as nail protrusion above trochanter.

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Hooked Spring Plate : Its uses in paterior wall acetabular fracture fixation: Joo Chul Ihn, Poong Taek Kim, Dong Kyu Shin; J Korean Soc Fract 1994;7(2):606-615. Published online November 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1994.7.2.606

Abstract PDF

For fixation of small osteochondral fracture fragment which was difficult to fix with ordinary fixation device in comminuted acetabular posterior wall fracture, we employed a modified 3.5mm one thired tubular plate that was shaped into so-called hooked spring plate. During operation, one end of a plate with two to five hole is flattened for a lenght of 1cm. The flattened end is fashioned into two spikes by trimming the end to the adjacent screw holes with a wire cutter. The resultant spikes are bent to 90 with respect to the plate. The residual proteion of the plates is contoured with convex bow with respect to the surface of the bone. The hooks are placed either through the capsule and around the edge of the fragment or they are embedded into the fragment itself. Six consecutive patients undergoing Kocher-Langenbeck approach for open reduction with internal fixation of posterior wall acetabular fracture(7/91-1.93) were reviewed. There were five simple type and one associated type, as transverse and posterior wall. In two cases application of spring plate in isolation was done. In four cases application of spring plate as part of a reconstruction plate assembly was done All six fractures progressed to union without any loss of the reduction of fixation. In conclusion, the application of spring plate is mechanically sound, valuable for fixation of difficult small osteochondral fractures with avoidance of intaarticular penetration of metal. This method eliminates the need to employ screws in the immediate juxta-articular portion of the plate and promotes early rehabilitation.

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The Surgical Outcomes of Isolated Greater Tuberosity Fractures of the Proximal Humerus Fixed with the Spring Plate
Dong-Ju Shin, Young-Soo Byun, Se-Ang Chang, Hee-Min Yun, Ho-Won Park, Jae-Young Park
Journal of the Korean Fracture Society.2009; 22(3): 159. CrossRef

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